Effect of a Single Dose of Cranberry Beverage on Inflammation and Oxidative Stress

Not Applicable

Completed

Interventions: Other: Low Calorie Cranberry Juice Cocktail
Other: Cranberry Extract Beverage
Other: Non-Cranberry Beverage

Brief Summary: The purpose of this study is to determine the effects of a single dose of cranberry beverage in healthy adults on the kinetic uptake of polyphenol compounds and polyphenol metabolites, and antioxidative and anti-inflammatory activity.

Detailed Description: Participants will be randomized based on age, sex and BMI, and will consume a low-polyphenol diet 2 days prior to the intervention. On the day of the study, baseline blood and urine samples will be collected after an overnight fast. Participants will consume the assigned beverage within 15 minutes and blood collected at 2, 4, 8, and 24 h (10 mL/blood draw; total blood volume per period = 50 mL). Urine will be collected for polyphenol analysis during the following periods: 0-3, 3-6, 6-9, 9-12, 12-24 hours. After a one-week washout period, participants will receive their second and then the third beverage in a cross-over design; blood and urine sampling will be repeated at each of the 3 intervention periods.

Recruitment & Eligibility

Inclusion Criteria

Exclusion Criteria

Any significant chronic disease, hypertension, ulcers, dyspepsia, lactose intolerance, allergy, psychotic illness
Had major gastrointestinal surgery or on prescription or surgical treatment
Any condition that may interfere with the digestion, absorption, metabolism or excretion of nutrients
Regularly smoked in the previous 6 months
On medication or ingested a prescribed drug at any time within the 14 days preceding study enrolment (excluding hormonal contraceptives and hormone replacement therapy) or over-the-counter preparation within 7 days preceding enrolment
Risk factors for AIDS or known HIV positive status
Pregnant or lactating
High intake of chocolate or similar high polyphenol foods
Regular intake of vitamin and polyphenol supplements
Drug and alcohol misuse
Currently participating or had participated in another clinical study during the previous 3 weeks
Donated blood in the previous 3 weeks
Exercise more than 3 times/week for longer than 45 min each time

Arm && Interventions

Group	Intervention	Description
Low Calorie Cranberry Juice Cocktail	Low Calorie Cranberry Juice Cocktail	Beverage containing cranberry: one dose of 15.2 ounces consumed within 15 minutes
Cranberry Extract Beverage	Cranberry Extract Beverage	Beverage containing cranberry: one dose of 15.2 ounces consumed within 15 minutes
Non-Cranberry Beverage	Non-Cranberry Beverage	Beverage absent cranberry: one dose of 15.2 ounces consumed within 15 minutes

Primary Outcome Measures

Name	Time	Method
C-Reactive Protein (CRP) Concentrations in Plamsa	0, 2, 4, 8, 24 h
Interleukin-1alpha (IL-1a) Concentrations in Plasma	0, 2, 4, 8, 24 h
Interferon-gamma (IFN-y) Concentrations in Plasma	0, 2, 4, 8, 24 h
Urinary Anti-bacteria Adhesion Activity	0, 3, 6, 9, 12, 24 h
Interleukin-1beta (IL-1b) Concentrations in Plasma	0, 2, 4, 8, 24 h
Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha (TNF-a) Concentrations in Plasma	0, 2, 4, 8, 24 h
Reduced Glutathione (GSH) Concentrations in Red Blood Cells	0, 2, 4, 8, 24 h
Superoxide Dismutase (SOD) Activity in Red Blood Cells	0, 2, 4, 8, 24 h
Glutathione Peroxidase (GPx) Activity in Red Blood Cells	0, 2, 4, 8, 24 h
Oxidative Damage to DNA Assessed by Plasma 8-hydroxy-2'-Deoxyguanosine (8-OHdG)	0, 2, 4, 8, 24 h
Nitric Oxide (NO) Concentrations in Plamsa	0, 2, 4, 8, 24 h
Interleukin-2 (IL-2) Concentrations in Plasma	0, 2, 4, 8, 24 h
Interleukin-4 (IL-4) Concentrations in Plasma	0, 2, 4, 8, 24 h
Interleukin-6 (IL-6) Concentrations in Plasma	0, 2, 4, 8, 24 h
Interleukin-8 (IL-8) Concentrations in Plasma	0, 2, 4, 8, 24 h
Interleukin-10 (IL-10) Concentrations in Plasma	0, 2, 4, 8, 24 h