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Antibiotic Prophylaxis to Prevent Obesity-Related Induction Complications in Nulliparae at Term 2.0

Phase 2
Recruiting
Conditions
Obesity in Pregnancy
Labor Complication
Interventions
Drug: Placebo
Registration Number
NCT06488781
Lead Sponsor
University of Oklahoma
Brief Summary

Obesity increases the risk of pregnancy complications, including puerperal infections and cesarean delivery, and risk rises with increasing body mass index (BMI). Since obese women are more likely to have comorbidities that would necessitate delivery prior to their due date (i.e. prior to 40 weeks gestation), and class III obesity specifically is an indication for delivery by 39 weeks, these patients have a high rate of labor induction. In nulliparous women from the general population (obese and non-obese), labor induction at 39 weeks (compared to expectant management) is associated with less maternal morbidity and a lower cesarean rate. Researchers previously conducted a pilot randomized placebo-controlled trial in obese, nulliparous women undergoing labor induction at term and found that the cesarean delivery rate was lower in women who received a prophylactic antibiotic regimen during labor compared with those who received the placebo. Researchers proposed multi-center trial aims to test this hypothesis in a large sample with adequate power to determine whether prophylactic antibiotics during labor are associated with a decrease in the rate of cesarean delivery in term, nulliparous, obese women. If the findings from the pilot trial are confirmed, this would represent a novel intervention to decrease the cesarean delivery rate in a subset of women at highest risk for cesarean-related complications.

Detailed Description

This is a multi-center randomized placebo-controlled trial in which nulliparous women with obesity who are undergoing induction of labor at term and not receiving IAP for GBS will be recruited (n=787). The participants will be randomized 1:1 to receive either prophylactic antibiotics during their labor induction (azithromycin 500 milligrams intravenously once and cefazolin 2 grams intravenously every 8 hours for up to three doses) or like-appearing placebos. The participants and their obstetrical providers will be blinded to the study intervention. The study will be conducted with an identical protocol at five study sites. Trained research nurses/assistants at each study site will consent and enroll participants, collect biospecimens, and collect demographic information and data on pregnancy and neonatal outcomes, and will convey this data to the primary site for analysis.

Researchers hypothesize that the group that receives the study drug regimen of prophylactic antibiotics during induction of labor will have a lower rate of cesarean delivery than the group that receives the placebo. They also hypothesize that the group that receives the study drug regimen will have a lower rate of puerperal infection than the placebo group.

Nulliparous women with obesity who are undergoing induction of labor at term will be eligible for participation in the study. Across all sites, 787 total subjects will be recruited.

Recruitment & Eligibility

Status
RECRUITING
Sex
Female
Target Recruitment
787
Inclusion Criteria
  • BMI ≥30
  • No prior deliveries at or beyond 20 weeks gestation
  • Undergoing induction of labor
  • Gestational age 37 weeks or more
  • Age 15-45
  • Not receiving IAP for GBS prophylaxis
Exclusion Criteria
  • Fetal death prior to labor induction
  • Known fetal anomaly
  • Multiple gestation
  • Ruptured membranes for more than 12 hours
  • Chorioamnionitis or other infection requiring antibiotics at the start of the labor induction
  • Previous myometrial surgery
  • Allergy to azithromycin or beta-lactam antibiotics

Study & Design

Study Type
INTERVENTIONAL
Study Design
PARALLEL
Arm && Interventions
GroupInterventionDescription
PlaceboPlaceboPlacebos, similar in appearance, in place of azithromycin and cefazolin
Prophylactic antibioticsAzithromycinAzithromycin 500 milligrams intravenously once and cefazolin 2 grams intravenously every 8 hours for up to three doses
Primary Outcome Measures
NameTimeMethod
Rate of cesarean delivery30 days postpartum

Determine whether a prophylactic antibiotic regimen during labor induction will decrease the rate of cesarean delivery in obese, nulliparous women undergoing induction of labor

Secondary Outcome Measures
NameTimeMethod
Maternal hospital stay30 days postpartum

Length of maternal hospital stay

Neonate hospital stay30 days postpartum

Length of neonatal hospital stay

Rate of postpartum hemorrhage30 days postpartum

Rate of maternal postpartum hemorrhage

Rate of blood transfusion30 days postpartum

Rate of maternal blood transfusions

Rate of intensive care unit admission30 days postpartum

Maternal admission into intensive care unit

Rate of hospital readmission30 days postpartum

Maternal hospital readmission after delivery

Rate of indications for cesarean delivery30 days postpartum

Rate of indications for a cesarean delivery

Rate of chorioamnionitis development30 days postpartum

Defined clinically by fever and maternal and fetal signs such as tachycardia and uterine tenderness

Rate of cesarean wound infection30 days postpartum

Rate of maternal would infection from cesarean section

Rate of endometritis30 days postpartum

Maternal development of endometritis

Rate of necrotizing enterocolitis30 days postpartum

Infant necrotizing enterocolitis

Periventricular leukomalacia30 days postpartum

Development of periventricular leukomalacia in infant as seen by ultrasound

Rate of intraventricular hemorrhage30 days postpartum

Intraventricular hemorrhage grade III or higher

Neonatal death30 days postpartum

Death of neonate

Rate of NICU admission30 days postpartum

Neonatal intensive care unit (NICU) admission

APGAR score30 days postpartum

5-minute APGAR score \<4 (neonate)

Rate of respiratory distress syndrome30 days postpartum

Development of infant respiratory distress syndrome

Rate of sepsis30 days postpartum

Infant sepsis (either suspected or confirmed)

Trial Locations

Locations (1)

University of Oklahoma Health Sciences Center

🇺🇸

Oklahoma City, Oklahoma, United States

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