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Influence of Femoral Head Size During Total Hip Arthroplasty on Gait

Not Applicable
Completed
Conditions
Hip Arthritis
Gait, Frontal
Osteoarthritis, Hip
Interventions
Procedure: Total hip replacement
Registration Number
NCT04521842
Lead Sponsor
Medical University of Warsaw
Brief Summary

Total hip replacement (THR) is being considered as one of the most effective medical procedures. Since its introduction, there was a worldwide debate over proper implant selection in terms of size, bearing type and shape. The diameter of used femoral heads components grew throughout the years - from 22 mm in the 1960s to 32 mm in the 2000s, which is the most commonly used size nowadays. In recent years there was a visible use of large femoral heads (\>=36mm) in several registers. In the USA there was a significant grow in use of this heads rising from 1% in early 200s to even 58% in 2009. There is a strong evidence data and many researchers concerning range of movement, risk of dislocation, functional results, pain and prosthesis wear depending of femoral head size.

In terms of gait characteristics there are several deviations reported concerning both patients with hip osteoarthritis (OA) and following THR. There is a lack of literature concerning influence of used implants on gait parameters and whether this goal of the surgery can be achieved.

The aim of this study was to assess potential differences of lower limb biomechanics during gait in patients following total hip replacement surgery depending on femoral head diameter and compare them to the normal gait of healthy volunteers. As a secondary outcome authors wanted to inspect correlation between gait parameters and patient-reported outcome.

Detailed Description

Total hip replacement (THR) is being considered as one of the most effective medical procedures. Since its introduction, there was a worldwide debate over proper implant selection in terms of size, bearing type and shape. The diameter of used femoral heads components grew throughout the years - from 22 mm in the 1960s to 32 mm in the 2000s, which is the most commonly used size nowadays. In recent years there was a visible use of large femoral heads (\>=36mm) in several registers. In the USA there was a significant grow in use of this heads rising from 1% in early 200s to even 58% in 2009. There is a strong evidence data and many researchers concerning range of movement, risk of dislocation, functional results, pain and prosthesis wear depending of femoral head size.

In terms of gait characteristics there are several deviations reported concerning both patients with hip osteoarthritis (OA) and following THR. It is well-proven that those with hip OA have reduced stride length and reduced cadence, reduced gait velocity, and reduced joint excursion. Patients after THR walk with lower hip-abduction moments, sagittal-plane range of motion. It is believed that it might be a consequence of pain-avoidance mechanism developed as an adaptation for joint disease, which is still present after the surgery. What is more, there are publications, which underline that lower limb biomechanics during gait do not return to normal following THR.

However there is a lack of literature concerning influence of used implants on gait parameters and whether this goal of the surgery can be achieved.

According to authors best knowledge this study is the first to ever describe potential differences in gait parameters between THR performed with standard femoral heads (28-32mm) and large ones (\>=36mm).

Aim of the study The aim of this study was to assess potential differences of lower limb biomechanics during gait in patients following total hip replacement surgery depending on femoral head diameter and compare them to the normal gait of healthy volunteers. As a secondary outcome authors wanted to inspect correlation between gait parameters and patient-reported outcome.

Recruitment & Eligibility

Status
COMPLETED
Sex
All
Target Recruitment
30
Inclusion Criteria
  • BMI <35
  • Ability to walk for 10 meters
  • 60-80 years of age
  • Bilateral THR
Exclusion Criteria
  • Revision surgeries before and after THR
  • Any other lower limbs surgeries
  • Secondary OA
  • Neurological disorders
  • Cardiac disorders
  • Severly impaired balance
  • Severe dizziness

Study & Design

Study Type
INTERVENTIONAL
Study Design
PARALLEL
Arm && Interventions
GroupInterventionDescription
Standard size femoral head implantTotal hip replacementParticipants qualified to undergo total hip replacement who will receive standard femoral head size implant
Large size femoral headTotal hip replacementParticipants qualified to undergo total hip replacement who will receive large femoral head size implant
Primary Outcome Measures
NameTimeMethod
Time of stance phaseat least 3,5 years after surgery

Change from baseline part of stance phase time during gait, measured in percentage

Time of double-stance phaseat least 3,5 years after surgery

Change from baseline part of double-stance phase time during gait, measured in percentage

Time of swing phaseat least 3,5 years after surgery

Change from baseline part of swing phase time during gait, measured in percentage

Stride lengthat least 3,5 years after surgery

Change from baseline length of stride during gait, measured in meters

Cadenceat least 3,5 years after surgery

Change from baseline number of strides per minute of walking

Mean gait velocityat least 3,5 years after surgery

Change from baseline mean values of gait speed, measured in meters per second

Range of maximal hip extension for both limbs during ending part of mid-stance phaseat least 3,5 years after surgery

Change from baseline range of maximal hip extension for both limbs during ending part of mid-stance phase, measured in degrees

Range of pelvic drop in frontal plane on the opposite site of the bearing limbat least 3,5 years after surgery

Change from baseline range of pelvic drop in frontal plane on the opposite site of the bearing limb, measured in degrees

Secondary Outcome Measures
NameTimeMethod

Trial Locations

Locations (1)

Department of Othopedics and Rehabilitation, Medical University of Warsaw

🇵🇱

Warsaw, Poland

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