To compare the Detection Rate And Ease Of Locating Root Canal Orifice in Primary Molars Using Surgical Loupes, Fluorescein Sodium Dye And Methylene Blue Dye: An In-Vivo Study

Introduction-

The major goal of root canal treatment is the thorough mechanical and chemical debridement of all root canals and their complete obturation with an inert filling material and a coronal filling preventing ingress of microorganisms. One of the main reasons for the failure of root canal therapy is the lack of sufficient knowledge concerning the anatomy of teeth, both internal and external.

Presence of accessory canals and rare anatomical configuration makes canal orifice location an important step in pulpectomy and emphasizes the need for the operator to be aware of and look out for such variations and use adequate diagnostic methodologies prior to and during therapy to detect such variations. The presence of additional canals makes it difficult to visualize additional canals like Mesio-buccal 2(MB2) and Mid mesial (MM) canal may serve as a major hindrance towards a successful outcome.

Hence, this study is planned to compare the detection rate and ease of locating root canal orifices of primary molar using surgical loupes, fluorescein sodium dye and methylene blue dye.

Methodology-

This is an in-vivo experimental trial to be carried out in department of pedodontics. Each calibrated operator will administer local anaesthesia using 2% Lignocaine with adrenaline for the procedure. Caries excavation and access opening will be achieved using round bur. The coronal pulp tissue will be amputated using a sharp sterile discoid type spoon excavator.

The Sodium Fluorescein will be prepared using Sodium Fluorescein strips. It will be dissolved in 2ml of normal saline and 2ml solution in a syringe chamber will be flooded with the dye and allow in the pulp chamber for 20 seconds. The excess dye will be evacuated with a suction apparatus. Blue curing light from photopolymerization unit illuminate the chamber. The root canal orifice will show a bright green fluorescence.

For the use of methylene blue dye- dentine will be removed where the root canal orifices are expected and 1-3 drops of dye will be inserted to the bottom of pulp cavity. After 5-10 seconds. Next the pulp cavity will be rinsed and dried. Points intensive dyed in blue will indicate the root canal orifices.

The operators will be asked to visualize the orifice of the canals. The operator 1 will locate the canals with surgical loupes and note the number of orifices followed by Operator 2 who will locate the canals using Sodium Fluorescein dye (Flurostripsterileâ„¢ sodium ophthalmic strip) or methylene blue dye and note the number of orifices.

The operators will also be asked to rate the ease of locating the no canal orifices using the different aids on a five-point Likert rating scale.