Effects of Canola Oil and Coconut Oil on Postprandial Metabolism in Older Adults With Increased Cardiometabolic Risk

Not Applicable

Completed

• Conditions: Metabolic Syndrome; Cardiovascular Diseases
• Interventions: Dietary Supplement: Mixed meals

• Registration Number: NCT05208346
• Lead Sponsor: University of Bonn

Brief Summary

The aim of this study is to investigate the postprandial effects of fat content and fatty acid composition of mixed meals on parameters associated with cardiometabolic diseases. Therefore, older subjects with increased risk of cardiometabolic diseases consume 4 mixed meals with 25 or 50 g of either canola or coconut oil. In a postprandial period of 6 hours, outcomes associated with cardiometabolic risk (e.g., triglycerides) are analyzed.

Detailed Description

In a crossover design, 30 older men and women with increased risk of cardiometabolic diseases consume 4 mixed meals, enriched with either 25 or 50 g canola or coconut oil. During a postprandial period of 6 hours, parameters of lipid metabolism (e.g., plasma triglycerides), glucose metabolism (e.g., plasma glucose, serum insulin), as well as markers of inflammation (e.g., IL-6), vascular system (e.g., pulse wave velocity) and antioxidant system (e.g., trolox equivalent antioxidative capacity) are analyzed. Furthermore, fatty acid profile, neuropsychologic parameters (e.g., appetite) and satiety-associated hormones (e.g., Ghrelin) are assessed. Each intervention arm will be separated by a washout period of about 14 days.

Study Timeline

• Study First Submitted: 2021-11-23
• Study First Submitted QC: 2022-01-12
• Study First Posted: 2022-01-26
• Study Start: 2022-03-09
• Primary Completion: 2022-10-18
• Study Completion: 2022-10-18
• Status Verified: 2023-11
• Last Update Submitted: 2023-11-02
• Last Update Posted: 2023-11-07

Recruitment & Eligibility

• Status: COMPLETED
• Sex: All
• Target Recruitment: 30

Inclusion Criteria

• BMI: 27 - 34,9 kg/m2
• Waist circumference: women ≥ 80 cm, men ≥ 94 cm
• At least two of the following criteria of metabolic syndrome:

Fasting triglycerides in serum: ≥ 150 mg/dl Fasting HDL-Cholesterol in serum: women < 50 mg/dl, men < 40 mg/dl Systolic blood pressure: ≥ 130 mmHg, diastolic blood pressure: ≥ 85 mmHg Fasting glucose in plasma: ≥ 100 mg/dL

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Exclusion Criteria

• Smoking
• Diseases that may impact outcome measures (e.g., thyroid diseases, insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus, impaired renal function, tumors, anemia)
• Intake of immunosuppressives or supplements (e.g., fish oil)
• Participation in another study

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Study & Design

• Study Type: INTERVENTIONAL
• Study Design: CROSSOVER

Arm && Interventions

Group	Intervention	Description
Coconut oil low-fat	Mixed meals	Participants randomized to receive a mixed meal with 25 g coconut oil
Coconut oil high-fat	Mixed meals	Participants randomized to receive a mixed meal with 50 g coconut oil
Canola oil high-fat	Mixed meals	Participants randomized to receive a mixed meal with 50 g canola oil
Canola oil low-fat	Mixed meals	Participants randomized to receive a mixed meal with 25 g canola oil

Primary Outcome Measures

Name	Time	Method
Parameters of lipid metabolism in blood I	Postprandial period of 6 hours	Measurement of triglycerides (mg/dl)
Parameters of lipid metabolism in blood II	Postprandial period of 6 hours	Measurement of total cholesterol (mg/dl)
Parameters of lipid metabolism in blood VI	Postprandial period of 6 hours	Measurement of free fatty acids (mmol/L)
Parameters of lipid metabolism in blood III	Postprandial period of 6 hours	Measurement of LDL cholesterol (mg/dl)
Parameters of lipid metabolism in blood IV	Postprandial period of 6 hours	Measurement of HDL cholesterol (mg/dl)
Parameters of glucose metabolism in blood I	Postprandial period of 6 hours	Measurement of glucose (mg/dl)
Parameters of glucose metabolism in blood II	Postprandial period of 6 hours	Measurement of insulin (nmol/L)

Secondary Outcome Measures

Name	Time	Method
Assessment of attention and memory	Postprandial period of 6 hours	Assessment via validated neuropsychological questionnaires (paper-pencil)
Postprandial endothelial function	Postprandial period of 6 hours	Assessment via the Vicorder device (e.g., measurement of pulse wave velocity in m/s)
Assessment of hunger and satiety	Postprandial period of 6 hours	Assessment via visual analogue scales (e.g., 0 = not hungry at all, 10 = very hungry)
Postprandial inflammation	Postprandial period of 6 hours	Measurement of parameters of inflammation in blood (e.g., IL-6 in pg/ml)
Antioxidant system	Postprandial period of 6 hours	Measurement of parameters of antioxidant system in blood (e.g., TEAC in mmol Trolox equivalents/L)
Fatty acid profile	Postprandial period of 6 hours	Analysis of fatty acid profile in serum (e.g., alpha-linolenic acid in µmol/L)

Trial Locations

Locations (1)

University of Bonn; 🇩🇪 Bonn, Germany