Ketone Production With Acute Caffeine Intake

Not Applicable

Completed

Interventions: Dietary Supplement: Control
Dietary Supplement: Caffeine low dose
Dietary Supplement: Caffeine high dose

Brief Summary: Evaluate the effect of a caffeine supplement on the stimulation of lipolysis and the production of ketones in healthy adults (N=10).

Detailed Description: The aim of the study is to evaluate the effect of a caffeine supplement on the stimulation of lipolysis and the production of ketones in healthy adults (N=10). Two different doses of caffeine (2.5 mg/kg of BW and 5 mg/kg of BW) are compared. All the participants have to follow three sequential visits of four hours each, which included a breakfast with one of the doses (2.5 or 5 mg/kg) of the caffeine supplement or without any supplement (baseline) and repeated blood sampling in order to evaluate ketone concentrations.

Recruitment & Eligibility

Inclusion Criteria

Exclusion Criteria

Drinking more than 300 mg of caffeine per day
Diabetes or prediabetes
Abnormal liver and kidney function
Uncontrolled dyslipidemia, blood pressure
Use of drugs known to influence the metabolism of lipids and carbohydrates (steroid, beta-blockers, diuretics, insulin sensitizer, etc.)
Severe inflammation or infection
Pregnancy
Smoking

Arm && Interventions

Group	Intervention	Description
Ketonemia following caffeine intake	Control	Participants have to follow three sequential visits of four hours each, which included a breakfast with one of the doses (2.5 or 5 mg/kg) of the caffeine supplement or without any supplement (baseline) and repeated blood sampling in order to evaluate ketone concentrations. Intervention 1: Control; no caffeine intake Intervention 2: Caffeine low dose (2.5 mg/kg of BW) Intervention 3: Caffeine high dose (5.0 mg/kg of MW)
Ketonemia following caffeine intake	Caffeine low dose	Participants have to follow three sequential visits of four hours each, which included a breakfast with one of the doses (2.5 or 5 mg/kg) of the caffeine supplement or without any supplement (baseline) and repeated blood sampling in order to evaluate ketone concentrations. Intervention 1: Control; no caffeine intake Intervention 2: Caffeine low dose (2.5 mg/kg of BW) Intervention 3: Caffeine high dose (5.0 mg/kg of MW)
Ketonemia following caffeine intake	Caffeine high dose	Participants have to follow three sequential visits of four hours each, which included a breakfast with one of the doses (2.5 or 5 mg/kg) of the caffeine supplement or without any supplement (baseline) and repeated blood sampling in order to evaluate ketone concentrations. Intervention 1: Control; no caffeine intake Intervention 2: Caffeine low dose (2.5 mg/kg of BW) Intervention 3: Caffeine high dose (5.0 mg/kg of MW)

Primary Outcome Measures

Name	Time	Method
Plasma Acetoacetate Concentrations	4 hours	Plasma acetoacetate (µmol/L) measured over a 4 hour period.
Plasma Beta-hydroxybutyrate Concentrations	4 hours	Plasma beta-hydroxybutyrate (µmol/L) measured over a 4 hour period.

Secondary Outcome Measures

Name	Time	Method
Plasma Triglyceride Concentrations	4 hours	Plasma triglycerides (mmol/L) measured over a 4 hour period.
Plasma Glucose Concentrations	4 hours	Plasma glucose (mmol/L) measured over a 4 hour period.
Plasma Cholesterol Concentrations	4 hours	Plasma cholesterol (mmol/L) measured over a 4 hour period.