Hydroxychloroquine

Generic Name
Hydroxychloroquine
Brand Names
Plaquenil, Sovuna
Drug Type
Small Molecule
Chemical Formula
C18H26ClN3O
CAS Number
118-42-3
Unique Ingredient Identifier
4QWG6N8QKH
Background

Hydroxychloroquine is a racemic mixture consisting of an R and S enantiomer. Hydroxychloroquine is an aminoquinoline like chloroquine. It is a commonly prescribed medication in the treatment of uncomplicated malaria, rheumatoid arthritis, chronic discoid lupus erythematosus, and systemic lupus erythematosus. Hydroxychloroquine is also used for the prophylaxis of malaria in regions where chloroquine resistance is unlikely. It was developed during World War II as a derivative of quinacrine with less severe side effects. Chloroquine and hydroxychloroquine are both being investigated for the treatment of SARS-CoV-2.

The FDA emergency use authorization for hydroxychloroquine and chloroquine in the treatment of COVID-19 was revoked on 15 June 2020.

Hydroxychloroquine was granted FDA approval on 18 April 1955.

A recent study reported a fatality in the group being treated with hydroxychloroquine for COVID-19.

Indication

Hydroxychloroquine is indicated for the prophylaxis of malaria where chloroquine resistance is not reported, treatment of uncomplicated malaria (caused by P. falciparum, P. malariae, P. ovale, or P. vivax), chronic discoid lupus erythematosus, systemic lupus erythematosus, acute rheumatoid arthritis, and chronic rheumatoid arthritis.

Associated Conditions
Acute Rheumatoid Arthritis, Malaria, Porphyria Cutanea Tarda, Q Fever, Sjogren's Syndrome (SS), Systemic Lupus Erythematosus, Uncomplicated Malaria caused by Plasmodium Vivax, Uncomplicated Malaria caused by Plasmodium malariae, Uncomplicated Malaria caused by Plasmodium ovale, Chronic Discoid Lupus Erythematosus (DLE), Chronic Rheumatoid Arthritis, Uncomplicated Malaria caused by Plasmodium falciparum
Associated Therapies
-
Clinical Trials
Related News

Hydroxychloroquine in SARS-CoV-2 (COVID-19) Pneumonia Trial

Phase 4
Withdrawn
Conditions
SARS-CoV-2 Pneumonia
COVID-19
Interventions
Drug: Hydroxychloroquine
First Posted Date
2020-05-11
Last Posted Date
2021-02-05
Lead Sponsor
Kootenai Health
Registration Number
NCT04382625
Locations
🇺🇸

Kootenai Health, Coeur d'Alene, Idaho, United States

A Study of Hydroxychloroquine vs Placebo to Prevent COVID-19 Infection in Patients Receiving Radiotherapy

First Posted Date
2020-05-11
Last Posted Date
2021-10-27
Lead Sponsor
Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center
Target Recruit Count
4
Registration Number
NCT04381988
Locations
🇺🇸

Memoral Sloan Kettering Westchester (All protocol activities), Harrison, New York, United States

🇺🇸

Memoral Sloan Kettering Monmouth (All protocol activities), Middletown, New Jersey, United States

🇺🇸

Memoral Sloan Kettering Basking Ridge (All Protocol Activities), Basking Ridge, New Jersey, United States

and more 4 locations

Randomised Evaluation of COVID-19 Therapy

First Posted Date
2020-05-11
Last Posted Date
2024-01-05
Lead Sponsor
University of Oxford
Target Recruit Count
70000
Registration Number
NCT04381936
Locations
🇻🇳

Oxford University Clinical Research Unit, Centre for Tropical Medicine, Ho Chi Minh City, Vietnam

🇬🇭

Kumasi Center for Collaborative Research in Tropical Medicine KNUST, Kumasi, Ghana

🇮🇳

Indian Council of Medical Research, Division of Epidemiology and Communicable Diseases, New Delhi, India

and more 4 locations

Low Dose Anti-inflammatory Radiotherapy for the Treatment of Pneumonia by COVID-19

First Posted Date
2020-05-08
Last Posted Date
2021-07-30
Lead Sponsor
Grupo de Investigación Clínica en Oncología Radioterapia
Target Recruit Count
106
Registration Number
NCT04380818
Locations
🇪🇸

Hospital Sant Joan de Reus, Reus, Tarragona, Spain

🇪🇸

Hospital Del Mar, Barcelona, Spain

🇪🇸

Hospital Universitario Madrid Sanchinarro, Madrid, Spain

A Study of Hydroxycholoroquine Compared to Placebo as Treatment for People With COVID-19

First Posted Date
2020-05-07
Last Posted Date
2020-10-30
Lead Sponsor
Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center
Registration Number
NCT04379492
Locations
🇺🇸

Memorial Sloan - Kettering Cancer Center, New York, New York, United States

A Study of Hydroxychloroquine and Zinc in the Prevention of COVID-19 Infection in Military Healthcare Workers

First Posted Date
2020-05-06
Last Posted Date
2020-05-06
Lead Sponsor
Military Hospital of Tunis
Target Recruit Count
660
Registration Number
NCT04377646
Locations
🇹🇳

Military Hospital of Tunis, Tunis, Tunisia

Favipiravir Plus Hydroxychloroquine and Lopinavir/Ritonavir Plus Hydroxychloroquine in COVID-19

First Posted Date
2020-05-06
Last Posted Date
2020-06-16
Lead Sponsor
Baqiyatallah Medical Sciences University
Target Recruit Count
40
Registration Number
NCT04376814
Locations
🇮🇷

Mohammad Sadegh Bagheri Baghdasht, Tehran, Iran, Islamic Republic of

Does Hydroxychloroquine Before & During Patient Exposure Protect Healthcare Workers From Coronavirus?

First Posted Date
2020-05-05
Last Posted Date
2021-04-29
Lead Sponsor
Megan Landes
Target Recruit Count
13
Registration Number
NCT04374942
Locations
🇨🇦

University Health Network, Toronto, Ontario, Canada

Baricitinib, Placebo and Antiviral Therapy for the Treatment of Patients With Moderate and Severe COVID-19

First Posted Date
2020-05-04
Last Posted Date
2021-05-26
Lead Sponsor
University of Southern California
Target Recruit Count
6
Registration Number
NCT04373044
Locations
🇺🇸

Los Angeles County-USC Medical Center, Los Angeles, California, United States

🇺🇸

USC / Norris Comprehensive Cancer Center, Los Angeles, California, United States

Prophylactic Benefit of Hydroxychloroquine in COVID-19 Cases With Mild to Moderate Symptoms and in Healthcare Workers With High Exposure Risk

Not Applicable
Withdrawn
Conditions
COVID-19
Interventions
Drug: Hydroxychloroquine Sulfate
First Posted Date
2020-05-01
Last Posted Date
2020-06-04
Lead Sponsor
Texas Cardiac Arrhythmia Research Foundation
Registration Number
NCT04371926
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