Methotrexate

Generic Name
Methotrexate
Brand Names
Metoject, Nordimet, Otrexup, Rasuvo, Reditrex, Trexall, Xatmep, Jylamvo
Drug Type
Small Molecule
Chemical Formula
C20H22N8O5
CAS Number
59-05-2
Unique Ingredient Identifier
YL5FZ2Y5U1
Background

Methotrexate is a folate derivative that inhibits several enzymes responsible for nucleotide synthesis. This inhibition leads to suppression of inflammation as well as prevention of cell division. Because of these effects, methotrexate is often used to treat inflammation caused by arthritis or to control cell division in neoplastic diseases such as breast cancer and non-Hodgkin's lymphoma.

Due to the toxic effects of methotrexate, it is indicated for treatment of some forms of arthritis and severe psoriasis only if first line treatment has failed or patients are intolerant of those treatments.

Methotrexate was granted FDA approval on 7 December 1953.

Indication

Methotrexate oral solution is indicated for pediatric acute lymphoblastic leukemia and pediatric polyarticular juvenile idiopathic arthritis. Methotrexate injections for subcutaneous use are indicated for severe active rheumatoid arthritis, polyarticular juvenile idiopathic arthritis and severe, recalcitrant, disabling psoriasis.

Other formulations are indicated to treat gestational choriocarcinoma, chorioadenoma destruens, hydatiform mole, breast cancer, epidermoid cancer of the head and neck, advanced mycosis fungoides, lung cancer, and advanced non-Hodgkin's lymphoma. It is also used in the maintenance of acute lymphocytic leukemia. Methotrexate is also given before treatment with leucovorin to prolong relapse-free survival following surgical removal of a tumour in non-metastatic osteosarcoma.

Associated Conditions
Acute Lymphoblastic Leukemia (ALL), Acute Promyelocytic Leukemia, Bladder Cancer, Breast Cancer, Central Nervous System Lymphoma, Crohn's Disease (CD), Dermatomyositis (DM), Extrauterine Pregnancy, Gestational Trophoblastic Neoplasia, Graft-versus-host Disease (GVHD), Meningeal leukemia, Multiple Sclerosis, Mycosis Fungoides (MF), Non-Hodgkin's Lymphoma (NHL), Non-Hodgkin's Lymphoma, Relapsed, Osteosarcoma, Polyarticular Juvenile Idiopathic Arthritis, Polymyositis, Rheumatoid Arthritis, Soft Tissue Sarcoma, Squamous Cell Carcinoma of the Head and Neck (SCCHN), Systemic Lupus Erythematosus, Uveitis, Nonleukemic meningeal cancer, Refractory Non-Hodgkin's lymphoma, Refractory Takayasu arteritis, Severe Psoriasis
Associated Therapies
Medically induced abortion

Metronomic Low-Dose Cyclophosphamide and Methotrexate With or Without Bevacizumab in Treating Women With Metastatic Breast Cancer

First Posted Date
2004-05-17
Last Posted Date
2019-05-21
Lead Sponsor
Dana-Farber Cancer Institute
Target Recruit Count
57
Registration Number
NCT00083031
Locations
🇺🇸

Massachusetts General Hosptial, Boston, Massachusetts, United States

🇺🇸

Sarah Cannon Research Institute, Nashville, Tennessee, United States

🇺🇸

Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, Massachusetts, United States

and more 1 locations

Standard Chemotherapy Compared With High-Dose Chemotherapy Plus Peripheral Stem Cell Transplant in Treating Women With Advanced or Inflammatory Breast Cancer

Phase 3
Conditions
First Posted Date
2004-05-03
Last Posted Date
2013-11-06
Lead Sponsor
Scottish Cancer Therapy Network
Target Recruit Count
300
Registration Number
NCT00003680
Locations
🇬🇧

C.R.C. Beatson Laboratories, Glasgow, Scotland, United Kingdom

Bone Marrow Transplantation With Specially Treated Bone Marrow in Treating Patients With Hematologic Cancer That Have Not Responded to Previous Therapy

First Posted Date
2004-05-03
Last Posted Date
2017-04-04
Lead Sponsor
Dana-Farber Cancer Institute
Target Recruit Count
5
Registration Number
NCT00005988
Locations
🇺🇸

Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, Massachusetts, United States

🇺🇸

University of Minnesota Cancer Center, Minneapolis, Minnesota, United States

Vinblastine and Methotrexate in Treating Children With Desmoid Tumors

Phase 2
Completed
Conditions
Interventions
First Posted Date
2004-04-30
Last Posted Date
2014-07-25
Lead Sponsor
Children's Oncology Group
Target Recruit Count
28
Registration Number
NCT00003019
Locations
🇺🇸

Children's Hospital of Philadelphia, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, United States

🇺🇸

Long Beach Memorial Medical Center, Long Beach, California, United States

🇺🇸

David Grant Medical Center, Travis Air Force Base, California, United States

and more 36 locations

Combination Chemotherapy in Treating Children With Lymphoma

First Posted Date
2004-04-29
Last Posted Date
2014-07-24
Lead Sponsor
Children's Oncology Group
Target Recruit Count
221
Registration Number
NCT00002590
Locations
🇺🇸

Children's Hospital Los Angeles, Los Angeles, California, United States

🇺🇸

Children's Hospital of Columbus, Columbus, Ohio, United States

🇺🇸

Children's Hospital of Philadelphia, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, United States

and more 30 locations

Donor Lymphocytes to Prevent Graft-Versus-Host Disease in Patients With Chronic Myeloid Leukemia

Phase 2
Withdrawn
Conditions
First Posted Date
2004-04-28
Last Posted Date
2020-07-31
Lead Sponsor
Jonsson Comprehensive Cancer Center
Registration Number
NCT00004878

Combination Chemotherapy in Treating Children With Very High Risk Acute Lymphocytic Leukemia

First Posted Date
2004-04-27
Last Posted Date
2014-07-28
Lead Sponsor
Children's Oncology Group
Target Recruit Count
36
Registration Number
NCT00003783
Locations
🇺🇸

West Virginia University Medical School, Charleston Division, Charleston, West Virginia, United States

🇺🇸

Simmons Cancer Center - Dallas, Dallas, Texas, United States

🇺🇸

Arizona Cancer Center, Tucson, Arizona, United States

and more 55 locations

Graft-Versus-Host Disease Prevention in Treating Patients Who Are Undergoing Bone Marrow Transplantation

First Posted Date
2004-04-26
Last Posted Date
2011-11-30
Lead Sponsor
Fred Hutchinson Cancer Center
Registration Number
NCT00002456
Locations
🇺🇸

Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center, Seattle, Washington, United States

Combination Chemotherapy in Treating Patients With Bladder Cancer

Phase 3
Completed
Conditions
First Posted Date
2004-04-23
Last Posted Date
2023-06-15
Lead Sponsor
Eastern Cooperative Oncology Group
Target Recruit Count
490
Registration Number
NCT00003701
Locations
🇺🇸

Hahnemann University Hospital, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, United States

🇺🇸

NYU School of Medicine's Kaplan Comprehensive Cancer Center, New York, New York, United States

🇺🇸

Cleveland Clinic Taussig Cancer Center, Cleveland, Ohio, United States

and more 10 locations

Combination Chemotherapy in Treating Children With Astrocytomas and Primitive Neuroectodermal Tumors

First Posted Date
2004-04-22
Last Posted Date
2013-02-18
Lead Sponsor
M.D. Anderson Cancer Center
Target Recruit Count
4
Registration Number
NCT00002463
Locations
🇺🇸

University of Texas - MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas, United States

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