Myelodysplastic syndromes (MDS) are a heterogeneous group of hematopoietic neoplasms with variable underlying etiology and presentation, including neutropenia and thrombocytopenia. Further mutations leading to increased proliferation of cancerous cells can eventually lead to secondary acute myeloid leukemia, which has a poor prognosis. Among treatment options, nucleoside analogues such as decitabine and azacitidine integrate into cellular DNA and inhibit the action of DNA methyltransferases, leading to global hypomethylation and related downstream therapeutic benefits.
Decitabine was developed by MGI Pharma/SuperGen Inc. and was approved by the FDA for the treatment of MDS on February 5, 2006. It was first marketed under the name Dacogen®. It is also available as an oral combination product together with the cytidine deaminase inhibitor cedazuridine.
Decitabine is indicated for the treatment of patients with myelodysplastic syndromes (MDS) including all French-American-British subtypes (refractory anemia, refractory anemia with ringed sideroblasts, refractory anemia with excess blasts, refractory anemia with excess blasts in transformation, and chronic myelomonocytic leukemia), as well as for MDS scored as belonging to the intermediate-1, intermediate-2, or high-risk group in the International Prognostic Scoring System.
City of Hope Medical Center, Duarte, California, United States
National Institutes of Health Clinical Center, Bethesda, Maryland, United States
Biotherapeutic Department of Chinese PLA General Hospital, Beijing, Beijing, China
Ohio State University Comprehensive Cancer Center, Columbus, Ohio, United States
University of Virginia, Charlottesville, Virginia, United States
St. Elizabeth Healthcare, Edgewood, Kentucky, United States
University of Iowa Hospitals and Clinics, Iowa City, Iowa, United States
Wake Forest Baptist Health, Winston-Salem, North Carolina, United States
The University of Arizona Cancer Center-North Campus, Tucson, Arizona, United States
Banner-University Medical Center Tucson, Tucson, Arizona, United States
Shanghai Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai, China
Fred Hutch/University of Washington Cancer Consortium, Seattle, Washington, United States
Northside Hospital, Atlanta, Georgia, United States
University of Virginia Cancer Center, Charlottesville, Virginia, United States
Massachusetts General Hospital Cancer Center, Boston, Massachusetts, United States
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