Clotrimazole
生产企业：Schering plough healthcare products inc, Bayer pharmaceuticals corp，另有 11 家
Clotrimazole is a topical broad-spectrum antifungal agent used for the treatment of a wide variety of dermatophyte infections and candidiasis.
Clotrimazole is a topical broad-spectrum antifungal agent used for the treatment of a wide variety of dermatophyte infections and candidiasis.
Clotrimazole acts primarily by damaging the permeability barrier in the cell membrane of fungi. Clotrimazole causes inhibition of ergosterol biosynthesis, an essential constituent of fungal cell membranes. If ergosterol synthesis is either completely or partially inhibited, the cell is no longer able to construct an intact and functional cell membrane ,. Because ergosterol directly promotes the growth of fungal cells in a hormone‐like fashion, rapid onset of the above events leads to dose-dependent inhibition of fungal growth . Though decreased ergosterol, due to the inhibition of lanosterol 14-demethylase (also known as CYP51) is accepted to be primarily responsible for the antimycotic properties of clotrimazole, this drug also shows other pharmacological effects. These include the inhibition of sarcoplasmic reticulum Ca2+‐ATPase, depletion of intracellular calcium, and blocking of calcium‐dependent potassium channels and voltage‐dependent calcium channels . The action of clotrimazole on these targets accounts for other effects of this drug that are separate from its antimycotic activities .
Topical preparations Clotrimazole topical cream is indicated for the topical treatment of the following dermal infections , : Tinea pedis, tinea cruris, and tinea corporis due to Trichophyton rubrum, Trichophyton mentagrophytes, Epidermophyton floccosum Candidiasis due to Candida albicans Tinea versicolor due to Malassezia furfur Diaper rash infected by Candida albicans In some preparations, clotrimazole may be combined with betamethasone dipropionate, a corticosteroid . Oral preparations The oral troche preparation is indicated for the local treatment of oropharyngeal candidiasis . It is also indicated as a prophylactic drug to reduce the incidence of oropharyngeal candidiasis in patients immunocompromised by conditions such as chemotherapy, radiotherapy, or steroid therapy utilized in the treatment of leukemia, solid tumors, or renal transplantation . Troche preparations are not indicated for the treatment of any systemic mycoses .
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