Lithium has been used to treat manic episodes since the 19th century. Though it is widely used, its mechanism of action is still unknown. Lithium carbonate has a narrow therapeutic range and so careful monitoring is required to avoid adverse effects.
Lithium carbonate is indicated as a monotherapy for the treatment of acute manic and mixed episodes associated with bipolar 1 disorder in patients ≥7 years of age. It is also indicated as a maintenance treatment for bipolar 1 disorder in patients ≥7 years of age.
Mental Health Institute of Peking University, Beijing, Beijing, China
Psychiatric Center Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
The First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, Province, China
Academic Medical Centre, Amsterdam, Noord-Holland, Netherlands
Al-Azhar University, Cairo, Non-US/Non-Canadian, Egypt
Vishnevsky Center of Surgery, Moscow, Russian Federation
Demikhov Municipal Clinical Hospital 68, Moscow, Russian Federation
Hôpital Robert Debré, Paris, France
Aiims Bhubaneswar, Khorda, Orissa, India
Xin Hua Hospital, Shanghai, Shanghai, China
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