Proparacaine: A Comprehensive Pharmacological and Clinical Review

I. Introduction to Proparacaine

A. Overview and Significance

Proparacaine is a topical anesthetic agent extensively employed in ophthalmic practice. Its primary utility lies in its capacity to induce rapid-onset, short-duration anesthesia of the corneal surface, thereby facilitating a wide array of diagnostic and minor surgical procedures that would otherwise be uncomfortable or impracticable.[1] The ability of Proparacaine to provide effective local anesthesia is crucial for ensuring patient comfort and cooperation during these interventions. This report aims to provide a comprehensive examination of Proparacaine, referencing its DrugBank ID DB00807 and CAS Number 499-67-2, and its classification as a Small Molecule topical anesthetic.[1] The widespread application of Proparacaine highlights a significant clinical requirement for reliable and fast-acting topical anesthesia in ophthalmology. Its effectiveness is, however, counterbalanced by specific safety considerations, particularly regarding corneal health, which necessitate informed and cautious clinical application.

B. Chemical Nature and Formulation