Nonoxynol-9 (N-9) is a typical surfactant used as a vaginal spermicide. Spermicides are locally acting non-hormonal contraceptives. When present in the vagina during intercourse, they immobilize/inactivate/damage and/or kill sperms without eliciting systemic effects. N-9 has been in use for more than 30 years as an over-the-counter (OTC) drug in creams, gels...
Nonoxynol 9 is a surfactant spermicide used for contraception in spermicidal creams, jellies, foams, gel, and lubricants. It is also used in conjuction with other methods of contraception, including condoms, cervical caps and diaphragms.
Eastern Virginia Medical School CONRAD Clinical Research Center, Norfolk, Virginia, United States
Wake Research Associates, Raleigh, North Carolina, United States
University of Pennsylvania Medical Center, Reproductive Research Unit, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, United States
Dartmouth-Hitchcock Medical Center, Lebanon, New Hampshire, United States
The Johns Hopkins Hospital, Baltimore, Maryland, United States
Julia Welch, Research Triangle Park, North Carolina, United States
Univ of Washington, Seattle, Washington, United States
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