Metformin
- Generic Name
- Metformin
- Brand Names
- Actoplus Met, Avandamet, Fortamet, Glucophage, Glucovance, Glumetza, Glycon, Invokamet, Janumet, Jentadueto, Kazano, Kombiglyze, Komboglyze, Qternmet, Riomet, Segluromet, Synjardy, Trijardy, Velmetia, Xigduo
- Drug Type
- Small Molecule
- Chemical Formula
- C4H11N5
- CAS Number
- 657-24-9
- Unique Ingredient Identifier
- 9100L32L2N
- Background
Metformin is a biguanide antihyperglycemic agent and first-line pharmacotherapy used in the management of type II diabetes.
Metformin is considered an antihyperglycemic drug because it lowers blood glucose concentrations in type II diabetes without causing hypoglycemia. It is commonly described as an "insulin sensitizer", leading to a decrease in insulin resistance and a clinically significant reduction of plasma fasting insulin levels. Another well-known benefit of this drug is modest weight loss, making it an effective choice for obese patients type II diabetes.
Metformin was first approved in Canada in 1972, and received subsequent FDA approval in the US in 1995.
- Indication
Metformin immediate-release formulations
Metformin is indicated as an adjunct to diet and exercise to improve glycemic control in adults and pediatric patients ≥10 years old with type 2 diabetes mellitus.
Metformin extended-release tablet (XR)
The extended-release formulation of metformin is indicated as an adjunct to diet and exercise to improve glycemic control in adults with type 2 diabetes mellitus. Safety in children has not been determined to this date.
Metformin combination products
Metformin is a component of a variety of combination products with other anti-diabetic agents. It is indicated, along with diet and exercise, to improve glycemic control in adult patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus in combination with DPP-4 inhibitors (sitagliptin, linagliptin, alogliptin, or saxagliptin), in combination with SGLT2 inhibitors (canagliflozin, empagliflozin, ertugliflozin, or dapagliflozin), or in combination with pioglitazone.
- Associated Conditions
- Cardiovascular Mortality, End Stage Renal Disease (ESRD), Hospitalizations, Polycystic Ovarian Syndrome (PCOS), Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus, Decreased estimated glomerular filtration rate
- Associated Therapies
- -
Metformin Treatment Before in Vitro Fertilization (IVF) in Women With Ultrasound Evidence of Polycystic Ovaries
- First Posted Date
- 2010-01-11
- Last Posted Date
- 2010-01-11
- Lead Sponsor
- University of Oxford
- Target Recruit Count
- 134
- Registration Number
- NCT01046032
- Locations
- 🇬🇧
IVF Hammersmith, London, United Kingdom
🇬🇧Nuture IVF Unit, Nottingham, United Kingdom
🇬🇧Oxford Fertility Unit, Oxford, United Kingdom
Myocardial Perfusion in Type 2 Diabetes
- First Posted Date
- 2010-01-07
- Last Posted Date
- 2010-01-07
- Lead Sponsor
- University of Sao Paulo General Hospital
- Target Recruit Count
- 61
- Registration Number
- NCT01043965
Effects of Lipemia and Metformin on Endothelial Function
- First Posted Date
- 2009-12-23
- Last Posted Date
- 2017-03-10
- Lead Sponsor
- Boston University
- Target Recruit Count
- 139
- Registration Number
- NCT01037660
- Locations
- 🇺🇸
Boston Medical Center, Boston, Massachusetts, United States
Can Insulin Glargine Improve Myocardial Function in Patients With T2D and Coronary Artery Disease (CAD)
- Conditions
- Coronary Artery DiseaseType 2 Diabetes
- Interventions
- First Posted Date
- 2009-12-18
- Last Posted Date
- 2009-12-18
- Lead Sponsor
- Munich Municipal Hospital
- Target Recruit Count
- 32
- Registration Number
- NCT01035528
- Locations
- 🇩🇪
Staedt. Klinikum Muenchen Bogenhausen, Munich, Bavaria, Germany
A Local Experiential Study With Sitagliptin (an Antihyperglycemic Drug) in 30 Patients With Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus (0431-178)
- First Posted Date
- 2009-12-17
- Last Posted Date
- 2017-05-30
- Lead Sponsor
- Merck Sharp & Dohme LLC
- Target Recruit Count
- 30
- Registration Number
- NCT01034111
30-Week Extension to an Initial Combination Study (24 Weeks in Duration) of Sitagliptin With Pioglitazone (0431-064)
- Conditions
- Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus
- Interventions
- First Posted Date
- 2009-12-09
- Last Posted Date
- 2017-05-12
- Lead Sponsor
- Merck Sharp & Dohme LLC
- Target Recruit Count
- 317
- Registration Number
- NCT01028391
The Effects of Oral Hypoglycemic Agents on Chronic Hepatitis C Patients Receiving Peg-Intron Plus Ribavirin
- First Posted Date
- 2009-12-04
- Last Posted Date
- 2012-11-27
- Lead Sponsor
- National Taiwan University Hospital
- Target Recruit Count
- 80
- Registration Number
- NCT01025765
- Locations
- 🇨🇳
National Taiwan University Hospital Department of Internal Medicine,, Taipei, Taiwan
Efficacy and Safety of Alogliptin Plus Metformin in Patients With Type 2 Diabetes
- Conditions
- Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2
- Interventions
- First Posted Date
- 2009-12-02
- Last Posted Date
- 2013-03-26
- Lead Sponsor
- Takeda
- Target Recruit Count
- 784
- Registration Number
- NCT01023581
Efficacy and Tolerability of Saxagliptin add-on Compared to Uptitration of Metformin in Patients With Type 2 Diabetes
- First Posted Date
- 2009-11-03
- Last Posted Date
- 2012-01-19
- Lead Sponsor
- AstraZeneca
- Target Recruit Count
- 286
- Registration Number
- NCT01006590
- Locations
- 🇬🇧
Research Site, Peterborough, United Kingdom
Drug Interaction Between CKD-501 and Metformin
- First Posted Date
- 2009-10-30
- Last Posted Date
- 2011-01-12
- Lead Sponsor
- Chong Kun Dang Pharmaceutical
- Target Recruit Count
- 24
- Registration Number
- NCT01005160
Drug Development Updates
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