Metformin is a biguanide antihyperglycemic agent and first-line pharmacotherapy used in the management of type II diabetes.
Metformin is considered an antihyperglycemic drug because it lowers blood glucose concentrations in type II diabetes without causing hypoglycemia. It is commonly described as an "insulin sensitizer", leading to a decrease in insulin resistance and a clinically significant reduction of plasma fasting insulin levels. Another well-known benefit of this drug is modest weight loss, making it an effective choice for obese patients type II diabetes.
Metformin was first approved in Canada in 1972, and received subsequent FDA approval in the US in 1995.
Metformin immediate-release formulations
Metformin is indicated as an adjunct to diet and exercise to improve glycemic control in adults and pediatric patients ≥10 years old with type 2 diabetes mellitus.
Metformin extended-release tablet (XR)
The extended-release formulation of metformin is indicated as an adjunct to diet and exercise to improve glycemic control in adults with type 2 diabetes mellitus. Safety in children has not been determined to this date.
Metformin combination products
Metformin is a component of a variety of combination products with other anti-diabetic agents. It is indicated, along with diet and exercise, to improve glycemic control in adult patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus in combination with DPP-4 inhibitors (sitagliptin, linagliptin, alogliptin, or saxagliptin), in combination with SGLT2 inhibitors (canagliflozin, empagliflozin, ertugliflozin, or dapagliflozin), or in combination with pioglitazone.
Cairo University Hospitala, Cairo, Egypt
Cairo University Hospitals, Cairo, Egypt
Local Institution - 2138, Madrid, M, Spain
Local Institution - 2102, Denver, Colorado, United States
Gabrail Cancer Center Research, Canton, Ohio, United States
Aerospace Center Hospital, Beijing, Beijing, China
Faculty of Medicine, Menoufia University, Tanta, Shebeen El-Kom, Egypt
Ren Ji Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, Shanghai, China
Khyber Medical University, Peshawar, Pakistan
Research Site, Berlin, Germany
National Hospital of Traditional Medicine, Hanoi, Vietnam
Hanoi Hospital of Traditional Medical, Hanoi, Vietnam
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