MedPath

VORICONAZOLE

These highlights do not include all the information needed to use Voriconazole safely and effectively. See full prescribing information for Voriconazole for oral suspension. Voriconazole for oral suspension Initial U.S. Approval: 2002

Approved
Approval ID

1476d1db-db3b-bf76-e063-6394a90ad314

Product Type

HUMAN PRESCRIPTION DRUG LABEL

Effective Date

Jan 16, 2024

Manufacturers
FDA

Hainan Poly Pharm. Co., Ltd

DUNS: 654561638

Products 1

Detailed information about drug products covered under this FDA approval, including NDC codes, dosage forms, ingredients, and administration routes.

VORICONAZOLE

Product Details

FDA regulatory identification and product classification information

FDA Identifiers
NDC Product Code14335-220
Application NumberANDA216805
Product Classification
M
Marketing Category
C73584
G
Generic Name
VORICONAZOLE
Product Specifications
Route of AdministrationORAL
Effective DateJanuary 16, 2024
FDA Product Classification

INGREDIENTS (8)

XANTHAN GUMInactive
Code: TTV12P4NEE
Classification: IACT
TRISODIUM CITRATE DIHYDRATEInactive
Code: B22547B95K
Classification: IACT
SODIUM BENZOATEInactive
Code: OJ245FE5EU
Classification: IACT
SILICON DIOXIDEInactive
Code: ETJ7Z6XBU4
Classification: IACT
ANHYDROUS CITRIC ACIDInactive
Code: XF417D3PSL
Classification: IACT
SUCROSEInactive
Code: C151H8M554
Classification: IACT
TITANIUM DIOXIDEInactive
Code: 15FIX9V2JP
Classification: IACT
VORICONAZOLEActive
Quantity: 40 mg in 1 mL
Code: JFU09I87TR
Classification: ACTIB

Drug Labeling Information

PACKAGE LABEL.PRINCIPAL DISPLAY PANEL

LOINC: 51945-4Updated: 6/20/2022

PRINCIPAL DISPLAY PANEL - 40 mg Bottle Carton

Hainan Poly Pharm Co. Ltd.

NDC 14335-220-01

40 mg/mL*

for oral suspension

ORANGE FLAVORED

Oral Dispenser Included

Important: Read assembly instructions
carefully before dispensing.
Contains Small Parts -
Keep out of reach of children.

75 mL (when reconstituted)

Rx only

PRINCIPAL DISPLAY PANEL - 40 mg Bottle Carton

INDICATIONS & USAGE SECTION

LOINC: 34067-9Updated: 6/20/2022

1 INDICATIONS AND USAGE

1.1 Invasive Aspergillosis

Voriconazole for oral suspension is indicated in adults and pediatric patients (2 years of age and older) for the treatment of invasive aspergillosis (IA). In clinical trials, the majority of isolates recovered were Aspergillus fumigatus. There was a small number of cases of culture-proven disease due to species of Aspergillusother than A. fumigatus [see Clinical Studies (14.1, 14.5)and Microbiology (12.4)] .

1.2 Candidemia in Non-neutropenic Patients and Other Deep Tissue

CandidaInfections

Voriconazole for oral suspension is indicated in adults and pediatric patients (2 years of age and older) for the treatment of candidemia in non-neutropenic patients and the following Candidainfections: disseminated infections in skin and infections in abdomen, kidney, bladder wall, and wounds [see Clinical Studies (14.2, 14.5)and Microbiology (12.4)].

1.3 Esophageal Candidiasis

Voriconazole for oral suspension is indicated in adults and pediatric patients (2 years of age and older) for the treatment of esophageal candidiasis (EC) in adults and pediatric patients 2 years of age and older [see Clinical Studies (14.3, 14.5)and Microbiology (12.4)].

1.4 Scedosporiosis and Fusariosis

Voriconazole for oral suspension is indicated for the treatment of serious fungal infections caused by Scedosporium apiospermum(asexual form of Pseudallescheria boydii) and Fusarium spp.including Fusarium solani, in adults and pediatric patients (2 years of age and older) intolerant of, or refractory to, other therapy [see Clinical Studies (14.4)and Microbiology (12.4)].

1.5 Usage

Specimens for fungal culture and other relevant laboratory studies (including histopathology) should be obtained prior to therapy to isolate and identify causative organism(s). Therapy may be instituted before the results of the cultures and other laboratory studies are known. However, once these results become available, antifungal therapy should be adjusted accordingly.

Key Highlight

Voriconazole for oral suspension is an azole antifungal indicated for the treatment of adults and pediatric patients 2 years of age and older with:

  • Invasive aspergillosis ( 1.1)
  • Candidemia in non-neutropenics and other deep tissue Candidainfections ( 1.2)
  • Esophageal candidiasis ( 1.3)
  • Serious fungal infections caused by Scedosporium apiospermumand Fusariumspecies including Fusarium solani, in patients intolerant of, or refractory to, other therapy ( 1.4)

CONTRAINDICATIONS SECTION

LOINC: 34070-3Updated: 6/20/2022

4 CONTRAINDICATIONS

  • Voriconazole for Oral Suspension is contraindicated in patients with known hypersensitivity to voriconazole or its excipients. There is no information regarding cross-sensitivity between voriconazole and other azole antifungal agents. Caution should be used when prescribing Voriconazole to patients with hypersensitivity to other azoles.
  • Coadministration of pimozide, quinidine or ivabradine with Voriconazole is contraindicated because increased plasma concentrations of these drugs can lead to QT prolongation and rare occurrences of torsade de pointes [see Drug Interactions (7)] .
  • Coadministration of Voriconazole with sirolimus is contraindicated because Voriconazole significantly increases sirolimus concentrations [see Drug Interactions (7)and Clinical Pharmacology (12.3)] .
  • Coadministration of Voriconazole with rifampin, carbamazepine, long-acting barbiturates, and St John's Wort is contraindicated because these drugs are likely to decrease plasma voriconazole concentrations significantly [see Drug Interactions (7)and Clinical Pharmacology (12.3)] .
  • Coadministration of standard doses of voriconazole with efavirenz doses of 400 mg every 24 hours or higher is contraindicated, because efavirenz significantly decreases plasma voriconazole concentrations in healthy subjects at these doses. Voriconazole also significantly increases efavirenz plasma concentrations [see Drug Interactions (7)and Clinical Pharmacology (12.3)] .
  • Coadministration of Voriconazole with high-dose ritonavir (400 mg every 12 hours) is contraindicated because ritonavir (400 mg every 12 hours) significantly decreases plasma voriconazole concentrations. Coadministration of voriconazole and low-dose ritonavir (100 mg every 12 hours) should be avoided, unless an assessment of the benefit/risk to the patient justifies the use of voriconazole [see Drug Interactions (7)and Clinical Pharmacology (12.3)] .
  • Coadministration of Voriconazole with rifabutin is contraindicated since Voriconazole significantly increases rifabutin plasma concentrations and rifabutin also significantly decreases voriconazole plasma concentrations [see Drug Interactions (7)and Clinical Pharmacology (12.3)] .
  • Coadministration of Voriconazole with ergot alkaloids (ergotamine and dihydroergotamine) is contraindicated because Voriconazole may increase the plasma concentration of ergot alkaloids, which may lead to ergotism [see Drug Interactions (7)] .
  • Coadministration of Voriconazole with naloxegol is contraindicated because Voriconazole may increase plasma concentrations of naloxegol which may precipitate opioid withdrawal symptoms [see Drug Interactions (7)] .
  • Coadministration of Voriconazole with tolvaptan is contraindicated because Voriconazole may increase tolvaptan plasma concentrations and increase risk of adverse reactions [see Drug Interactions (7)] .
  • Coadministration of Voriconazole with venetoclax at initiation and during the ramp-up phase is contraindicated in patients with chronic lymphocytic leukemia (CLL) or small lymphocytic lymphoma (SLL) due to the potential for increased risk of tumor lysis syndrome [see Drug Interactions (7)] .
  • Coadministration of Voriconazole with lurasidone is contraindicated since it may result in significant increases in lurasidone exposure and the potential for serious adverse reactions [see Drug Interactions (7)] .
Key Highlight
  • Hypersensitivity to voriconazole or its excipients ( 4)
  • Coadministration with, pimozide, quinidine, sirolimus or ivabradine due to risk of serious adverse reactions ( 4, 7)
  • Coadministration with rifampin, carbamazepine, long-acting barbiturates, efavirenz, ritonavir, rifabutin, ergot alkaloids, and St. John's Wort due to risk of loss of efficacy ( 4, 7)
  • Coadministration with naloxegol, tolvaptan, and lurasidone due to risk of adverse reactions ( 4, 7)
  • Coadministration of voriconazole with venetoclax at initiation and during the ramp-up phase in patients with chronic lymphocytic leukemia (CLL) or small lymphocytic lymphoma (SLL) due to increased risk of adverse reactions ( 4, 7)

ADVERSE REACTIONS SECTION

LOINC: 34084-4Updated: 6/20/2022

6 ADVERSE REACTIONS

The following serious adverse reactions are described elsewhere in the labeling:

Hepatic Toxicity [see Warnings and Precautions (5.1)]

Arrhythmias and QT Prolongation [see Warnings and Precautions (5.2)]

Visual Disturbances [see Warnings and Precautions (5.4)]

Severe Cutaneous Adverse Reactions [see Warnings and Precautions (5.5)]

Photosensitivity [see Warnings and Precautions (5.6)]

Renal Toxicity [see Warnings and Precautions (5.7)]

6.1 Clinical Trials Experience

Because clinical trials are conducted under widely varying conditions, adverse reaction rates observed in clinical trials of a drug cannot be directly compared to rates in the clinical trials of another drug and may not reflect the rates observed in practice.

Clinical Trials Experience in Adults

Overview

The most frequently reported adverse reactions (see Table 4) in the adult therapeutic trials were visual disturbances (18.7%), fever (5.7%), nausea (5.4%), rash (5.3%), vomiting (4.4%), chills (3.7%), headache (3.0%), liver function test increased (2.7%), tachycardia (2.4%), hallucinations (2.4%). The adverse reactions which most often led to discontinuation of voriconazole therapy were elevated liver function tests, rash, and visual disturbances [see Warning and Precautions (5.1, 5.4)and Adverse Reactions (6.1)] .

The data described in Table 4 reflect exposure to voriconazole in 1655 patients in nine therapeutic studies. This represents a heterogeneous population, including immunocompromised patients, e.g., patients with hematological malignancy or HIV and non-neutropenic patients. This subgroup does not include healthy subjects and patients treated in the compassionate use and non-therapeutic studies. This patient population was 62% male, had a mean age of 46 years (range 11–90, including 51 patients aged 12–18 years), and was 78% White and 10% Black. Five hundred sixty one patients had a duration of voriconazole therapy of greater than 12 weeks, with 136 patients receiving voriconazole for over six months. Table 4 includes all adverse reactions which were reported at an incidence of ≥2% during voriconazole therapy in the all therapeutic studies population, studies 307/602 and 608 combined, or study 305, as well as events of concern which occurred at an incidence of <2%.

In study 307/602, 381 patients (196 on voriconazole, 185 on amphotericin B) were treated to compare voriconazole to amphotericin B followed by other licensed antifungal therapy (OLAT) in the primary treatment of patients with acute IA. The rate of discontinuation from voriconazole study medication due to adverse reactions was 21.4% (42/196 patients). In study 608, 403 patients with candidemia were treated to compare voriconazole (272 patients) to the regimen of amphotericin B followed by fluconazole (131 patients). The rate of discontinuation from voriconazole study medication due to adverse reactions was 19.5% out of 272 patients. Study 305 evaluated the effects of oral voriconazole (200 patients) and oral fluconazole (191 patients) in the treatment of EC. The rate of discontinuation from voriconazole study medication in Study 305 due to adverse reactions was 7% (14/200 patients). Laboratory test abnormalities for these studies are discussed under Clinical Laboratory Values below.

Table 4: Adverse Reactions Rate ≥ 2% on Voriconazole or Adverse Reactions of Concern in Therapeutic Studies Population, Studies 307/602–608 Combined, or Study 305. Possibly Related to Therapy or Causality Unknown *

Therapeutic Studies †

Studies 307/602 and 608
(IV/ oral therapy)

Study 305
(oral therapy)

Voriconazole
N=1655

Voriconazole
N=468

Ampho B ‡
N=185

Ampho B→ Fluconazole
N=131

Voriconazole
N=200

Fluconazole
N=191

N (%)

N (%)

N (%)

N (%)

N (%)

N (%)

  • Study 307/602: IA; Study 608: candidemia; Study 305: EC †

    Studies 303, 304, 305, 307, 309, 602, 603, 604, 608 ‡

    Amphotericin B followed by other licensed antifungal therapy §

    See Warnings and Precautions (5.4)

Special Senses**§**

Abnormal vision

310 (18.7)

63 (13.5)

1 (0.5)

0

31 (15.5)

8 (4.2)

Photophobia

37 (2.2)

8 (1.7)

0

0

5 (2.5)

2 (1.0)

Chromatopsia

20 (1.2)

2 (0.4)

0

0

2 (1.0)

0

Body as a Whole

Fever

94 (5.7)

8 (1.7)

25 (13.5)

5 (3.8)

0

0

Chills

61 (3.7)

1 (0.2)

36 (19.5)

8 (6.1)

1 (0.5)

0

Headache

49 (3.0)

9 (1.9)

8 (4.3)

1 (0.8)

0

1 (0.5)

Cardiovascular System

Tachycardia

39 (2.4)

6 (1.3)

5 (2.7)

0

0

0

Digestive System

Nausea

89 (5.4)

18 (3.8)

29 (15.7)

2 (1.5)

2 (1.0)

3 (1.6)

Vomiting

72 (4.4)

15 (3.2)

18 (9.7)

1 (0.8)

2 (1.0)

1 (0.5)

Liver function tests abnormal

45 (2.7)

15 (3.2)

4 (2.2)

1 (0.8)

6 (3.0)

2 (1.0)

Cholestatic jaundice

17 (1.0)

8 (1.7)

0

1 (0.8)

3 (1.5)

0

Metabolic and Nutritional Systems

Alkaline phosphatase increased

59 (3.6)

19 (4.1)

4 (2.2)

3 (2.3)

10 (5.0)

3 (1.6)

Hepatic enzymes increased

30 (1.8)

11 (2.4)

5 (2.7)

1 (0.8)

3 (1.5)

0

SGOT increased

31 (1.9)

9 (1.9)

0

1 (0.8)

8 (4.0)

2 (1.0)

SGPT increased

29 (1.8)

9 (1.9)

1 (0.5)

2 (1.5)

6 (3.0)

2 (1.0)

Hypokalemia

26 (1.6)

3 (0.6)

36 (19.5)

16 (12.2)

0

0

Bilirubinemia

15 (0.9)

5 (1.1)

3 (1.6)

2 (1.5)

1 (0.5)

0

Creatinine increased

4 (0.2)

0

59 (31.9)

10 (7.6)

1 (0.5)

0

Nervous System

Hallucinations

39 (2.4)

13 (2.8)

1 (0.5)

0

0

0

Skin and Appendages

Rash

88 (5.3)

20 (4.3)

7 (3.8)

1 (0.8)

3 (1.5)

1 (0.5)

Urogenital

Kidney function abnormal

10 (0.6)

6 (1.3)

40 (21.6)

9 (6.9)

1 (0.5)

1 (0.5)

Acute kidney failure

7 (0.4)

2 (0.4)

11 (5.9)

7 (5.3)

0

0

Visual Disturbances

Voriconazole treatment-related visual disturbances are common. In therapeutic trials, approximately 21% of patients experienced abnormal vision, color vision change and/or photophobia. Visual disturbances may be associated with higher plasma concentrations and/or doses.

The mechanism of action of the visual disturbance is unknown, although the site of action is most likely to be within the retina. In a study in healthy subjects investigating the effect of 28-day treatment with voriconazole on retinal function, voriconazole caused a decrease in the electroretinogram (ERG) waveform amplitude, a decrease in the visual field, and an alteration in color perception. The ERG measures electrical currents in the retina. These effects were noted early in administration of voriconazole and continued through the course of study drug treatment. Fourteen days after the end of dosing, ERG, visual fields and color perception returned to normal [see Warnings and Precautions (5.4)] .

Dermatological Reactions

Dermatological reactions were common in patients treated with voriconazole. The mechanism underlying these dermatologic adverse reactions remains unknown.

Severe cutaneous adverse reactions (SCARs), including Stevens-Johnson syndrome (SJS), toxic epidermal necrolysis (TEN), and drug reaction with eosinophilia and systemic symptoms (DRESS) have been reported during treatment with voriconazole. Erythema multiforme has also been reported during treatment with voriconazole [see Warnings and Precautions (5.5)and Adverse Reactions (6.2)] .

Voriconazole has also been associated with additional photosensitivity related skin reactions such as pseudoporphyria, cheilitis, and cutaneous lupus erythematosus [see Warnings and Precautions (5.6)]and Adverse Reactions (6.2)] .

Less Common Adverse Reactions

The following adverse reactions occurred in <2% of all voriconazole-treated patients in all therapeutic studies (N=1655). This listing includes events where a causal relationship to voriconazole cannot be ruled out or those which may help the physician in managing the risks to the patients. The list does not include events included in Table 4 above and does not include every event reported in the voriconazole clinical program.

Body as a Whole:abdominal pain, abdomen enlarged, allergic reaction, anaphylactoid reaction [see Warnings and Precautions (5.3)] , ascites, asthenia, back pain, chest pain, cellulitis, edema, face edema, flank pain, flu syndrome, graft versus host reaction, granuloma, infection, bacterial infection, fungal infection, injection site pain, injection site infection/inflammation, mucous membrane disorder, multi-organ failure, pain, pelvic pain, peritonitis, sepsis, substernal chest pain.

Cardiovascular:atrial arrhythmia, atrial fibrillation, AV block complete, bigeminy, bradycardia, bundle branch block, cardiomegaly, cardiomyopathy, cerebral hemorrhage, cerebral ischemia, cerebrovascular accident, congestive heart failure, deep thrombophlebitis, endocarditis, extrasystoles, heart arrest, hypertension, hypotension, myocardial infarction, nodal arrhythmia, palpitation, phlebitis, postural hypotension, pulmonary embolus, QT interval prolonged, supraventricular extrasystoles, supraventricular tachycardia, syncope, thrombophlebitis, vasodilatation, ventricular arrhythmia, ventricular fibrillation, ventricular tachycardia (including torsade de pointes) [see Warnings and Precautions (5.2)] .

Digestive:anorexia, cheilitis, cholecystitis, cholelithiasis, constipation, diarrhea, duodenal ulcer perforation, duodenitis, dyspepsia, dysphagia, dry mouth, esophageal ulcer, esophagitis, flatulence, gastroenteritis, gastrointestinal hemorrhage, GGT/LDH elevated, gingivitis, glossitis, gum hemorrhage, gum hyperplasia, hematemesis, hepatic coma, hepatic failure, hepatitis, intestinal perforation, intestinal ulcer, jaundice, enlarged liver, melena, mouth ulceration, pancreatitis, parotid gland enlargement, periodontitis, proctitis, pseudomembranous colitis, rectal disorder, rectal hemorrhage, stomach ulcer, stomatitis, tongue edema.

Endocrine:adrenal cortex insufficiency, diabetes insipidus, hyperthyroidism, hypothyroidism.

Hemic and Lymphatic:agranulocytosis, anemia (macrocytic, megaloblastic, microcytic, normocytic), aplastic anemia, hemolytic anemia, bleeding time increased, cyanosis, DIC, ecchymosis, eosinophilia, hypervolemia, leukopenia, lymphadenopathy, lymphangitis, marrow depression, pancytopenia, petechia, purpura, enlarged spleen, thrombocytopenia, thrombotic thrombocytopenic purpura.

Metabolic and Nutritional:albuminuria, BUN increased, creatine phosphokinase increased, edema, glucose tolerance decreased, hypercalcemia, hypercholesteremia, hyperglycemia, hyperkalemia, hypermagnesemia, hypernatremia, hyperuricemia, hypocalcemia, hypoglycemia, hypomagnesemia, hyponatremia, hypophosphatemia, peripheral edema, uremia.

Musculoskeletal:arthralgia, arthritis, bone necrosis, bone pain, leg cramps, myalgia, myasthenia, myopathy, osteomalacia, osteoporosis.

Nervous System:abnormal dreams, acute brain syndrome, agitation, akathisia, amnesia, anxiety, ataxia, brain edema, coma, confusion, convulsion, delirium, dementia, depersonalization, depression, diplopia, dizziness, encephalitis, encephalopathy, euphoria, Extrapyramidal Syndrome, grand mal convulsion, Guillain-Barré syndrome, hypertonia, hypesthesia, insomnia, intracranial hypertension, libido decreased, neuralgia, neuropathy, nystagmus, oculogyric crisis, paresthesia, psychosis, somnolence, suicidal ideation, tremor, vertigo.

Respiratory System:cough increased, dyspnea, epistaxis, hemoptysis, hypoxia, lung edema, pharyngitis, pleural effusion, pneumonia, respiratory disorder, respiratory distress syndrome, respiratory tract infection, rhinitis, sinusitis, voice alteration.

Skin and Appendages:alopecia, angioedema, contact dermatitis, discoid lupus erythematosis, eczema, erythema multiforme, exfoliative dermatitis, fixed drug eruption, furunculosis, herpes simplex, maculopapular rash, melanoma, melanosis, photosensitivity skin reaction, pruritus, pseudoporphyria, psoriasis, skin discoloration, skin disorder, skin dry, Stevens-Johnson syndrome, squamous cell carcinoma (including cutaneous SCC in situ, or Bowen's disease), sweating, toxic epidermal necrolysis, urticaria.

Special Senses:abnormality of accommodation, blepharitis, color blindness, conjunctivitis, corneal opacity, deafness, ear pain, eye pain, eye hemorrhage, dry eyes, hypoacusis, keratitis, keratoconjunctivitis, mydriasis, night blindness, optic atrophy, optic neuritis, otitis externa, papilledema, retinal hemorrhage, retinitis, scleritis, taste loss, taste perversion, tinnitus, uveitis, visual field defect.

Urogenital:anuria, blighted ovum, creatinine clearance decreased, dysmenorrhea, dysuria, epididymitis, glycosuria, hemorrhagic cystitis, hematuria, hydronephrosis, impotence, kidney pain, kidney tubular necrosis, metrorrhagia, nephritis, nephrosis, oliguria, scrotal edema, urinary incontinence, urinary retention, urinary tract infection, uterine hemorrhage, vaginal hemorrhage.

Clinical Laboratory Values in Adults

The overall incidence of transaminase increases >3× upper limit of normal (not necessarily comprising an adverse reaction) was 17.7% (268/1514) in adult subjects treated with voriconazole for therapeutic use in pooled clinical trials. Increased incidence of liver function test abnormalities may be associated with higher plasma concentrations and/or doses. The majority of abnormal liver function tests either resolved during treatment without dose adjustment or resolved following dose adjustment, including discontinuation of therapy.

Voriconazolehas been infrequently associated with cases of serious hepatic toxicity including cases of jaundice and rare cases of hepatitis and hepatic failure leading to death. Most of these patients had other serious underlying conditions.

Liver function tests should be evaluated at the start of and during the course of voriconazole therapy. Patients who develop abnormal liver function tests during voriconazole therapy should be monitored for the development of more severe hepatic injury. Patient management should include laboratory evaluation of hepatic function (particularly liver function tests and bilirubin). Discontinuation of voriconazole must be considered if clinical signs and symptoms consistent with liver disease develop that may be attributable to voriconazole [see Warnings and Precautions (5.1)] .

Acute renal failure has been observed in severely ill patients undergoing treatment with voriconazole. Patients being treated with voriconazole are likely to be treated concomitantly with nephrotoxic medications and may have concurrent conditions that can result in decreased renal function. It is recommended that patients are monitored for the development of abnormal renal function. This should include laboratory evaluation of serum creatinine.

Tables 5 to 7 show the number of patients with hypokalemia and clinically significant changes in renal and liver function tests in three randomized, comparative multicenter studies. In study 305, patients with EC were randomized to either oral voriconazole or oral fluconazole. In study 307/602, patients with definite or probable IA were randomized to either voriconazole or amphotericin B therapy. In study 608, patients with candidemia were randomized to either voriconazole or the regimen of amphotericin B followed by fluconazole.

Table 5: Protocol 305 – Patients with Esophageal Candidiasis Clinically Significant Laboratory Test Abnormalities

Criteria *

Voriconazole

Fluconazole

n/N (%)

n/N (%)

n = number of patients with a clinically significant abnormality while on study therapy
N = total number of patients with at least one observation of the given lab test while on study therapy
AST = Aspartate aminotransferase; ALT= alanine aminotransferase
ULN = upper limit of normal

  • Without regard to baseline value

T. Bilirubin

1.5× ULN

8/185 (4.3)

7/186 (3.8)

AST

3.0× ULN

38/187 (20.3)

15/186 (8.1)

ALT

3.0× ULN

20/187 (10.7)

12/186 (6.5)

Alkaline Phosphatase

3.0× ULN

19/187 (10.2)

14/186 (7.5)

Table 6: Protocol 307/602 – Primary Treatment of Invasive Aspergillosis Clinically Significant Laboratory Test Abnormalities

Criteria *

Voriconazole

Amphotericin B †

n/N (%)

n/N (%)

n = number of patients with a clinically significant abnormality while on study therapy
N = total number of patients with at least one observation of the given lab test while on study therapy
AST = Aspartate aminotransferase; ALT = alanine aminotransferase
ULN = upper limit of normal
LLN = lower limit of normal

  • Without regard to baseline value †

    Amphotericin B followed by other licensed antifungal therapy

T. Bilirubin

1.5× ULN

35/180 (19.4)

46/173 (26.6)

AST

3.0× ULN

21/180 (11.7)

18/174 (10.3)

ALT

3.0× ULN

34/180 (18.9)

40/173 (23.1)

Alkaline Phosphatase

3.0× ULN

29/181 (16.0)

38/173 (22.0)

Creatinine

1.3× ULN

39/182 (21.4)

102/177 (57.6)

Potassium

<0.9× LLN

30/181 (16.6)

70/178 (39.3)

Table 7: Protocol 608 – Treatment of Candidemia Clinically Significant Laboratory Test Abnormalities

Criteria *

Voriconazole

Amphotericin B followed by Fluconazole

n/N (%)

n/N (%)

n = number of patients with a clinically significant abnormality while on study therapy
N = total number of patients with at least one observation of the given lab test while on study therapy
AST = Aspartate aminotransferase; ALT = alanine aminotransferase
ULN = upper limit of normal
LLN = lower limit of normal

  • Without regard to baseline value

T. Bilirubin

1.5× ULN

50/261 (19.2)

31/115 (27.0)

AST

3.0× ULN

40/261 (15.3)

16/116 (13.8)

ALT

3.0× ULN

22/261 (8.4)

15/116 (12.9)

Alkaline Phosphatase

3.0× ULN

59/261 (22.6)

26/115 (22.6)

Creatinine

1.3× ULN

39/260 (15.0)

32/118 (27.1)

Potassium

<0.9× LLN

43/258 (16.7)

35/118 (29.7)

Clinical Trials Experience in Pediatric Patients

The safety of Voriconazole was investigated in 105 pediatric patients aged 2 to less than 18 years, including 52 pediatric patients less than 18 years of age who were enrolled in the adult therapeutic studies.

Serious Adverse Reactions and Adverse Reactions Leading to Discontinuation

In clinical studies, serious adverse reactions occurred in 46% (48/105) of voriconazole treated pediatric patients. Treatment discontinuations due to adverse reactions occurred in 12 /105 (11%) of all patients. Hepatic adverse reactions (i.e. ALT increased; liver function test abnormal; jaundice) 6% (6/105) accounted for the majority of voriconazole treatment discontinuations.

Most Common Adverse Reactions

The most common adverse reactions occurring in ≥5% of pediatric patients receiving voriconazole in the pooled pediatric clinical trials are displayed by body system, in Table 8.

Table 8: Adverse Reactions Occurring in ≥5% of Pediatric Patients Receiving Voriconazole in the Pooled Pediatric Clinical Trials

Body System

Adverse Reaction

Pooled Pediatric Data *
N=105
n (%)

Abbreviations: ALT = alanine aminotransferase; LFT = liver function test

  • Reflects all adverse reactions and not treatment-related only. †

    Pooled reports include such terms as: amaurosis (partial or total blindness without visible change in the eye); asthenopia (eye strain); chromatopsia (abnormally colored vision); color blindness; diplopia; photopsia; retinal disorder; vision blurred, visual acuity decreased, visual brightness; visual impairment. Several patients had more than one visual disturbance. ‡

    Pooled reports include such terms as: abdominal pain and abdominal pain, upper. §

    Pooled reports include such terms as: ALT abnormal and ALT increased. ¶

    Pooled reports include such terms as: hallucination; hallucination, auditory; hallucination, visual. Several patients had both visual and auditory hallucinations.

Pooled reports include such terms as: renal failure and a single patient with renal impairment.

Þ

Pooled reports include such terms as: rash; rash generalized; rash macular; rash maculopapular; rash pruritic.

Blood and Lymphatic Systems Disorders

Thrombocytopenia

10 (10)

Cardiac Disorders

Tachycardia

7 (7)

Eye Disorders

Visual Disturbances †

27 (26)

Photophobia

6 (6)

Gastrointestinal Disorders

Vomiting

21 (20)

Nausea

14 (13)

Abdominal pain ‡

13 (12)

Diarrhea

12 (11)

Abdominal distention

5 (5)

Constipation

5 (5)

General Disorders and Administration Site Conditions

Pyrexia

25 (25)

Peripheral edema

9 (9)

Mucosal inflammation

6 (6)

Infections and Infestations

Upper respiratory tract infection

5 (5)

Investigations

ALT abnormal §

9 (9)

LFT abnormal

6 (6)

Metabolism and Nutrition Disorders

Hypokalemia

11 (11)

Hyperglycemia

7 (7)

Hypocalcemia

6 (6)

Hypophosphotemia

6 (6)

Hypoalbuminemia

5 (5)

Hypomagnesemia

5 (5)

Nervous System Disorders

Headache

10 (10)

Dizziness

5 (5)

Psychiatric Disorders

Hallucinations ¶

5 (5)

Renal and Urinary Disorders

Renal impairment #

5 (5)

Respiratory Disorders

Epistaxis

17 (16)

Cough

10 (10)

Dyspnea

6 (6)

Hemoptysis

5 (5)

Skin and Subcutaneous Tissue Disorders

Rash Þ

14 (13)

Vascular Disorders

Hypertension

12 (11)

Hypotension

9 (9)

The following adverse reactions with incidence less than 5% were reported in 105 pediatric patients treated with voriconazole:

Blood and Lymphatic System Disorders:anemia, leukopenia, pancytopenia

Cardiac Disorders:bradycardia, palpitations, supraventricular tachycardia

Eye Disorders:dry eye, keratitis

Ear and Labyrinth Disorders:tinnitus, vertigo

Gastrointestinal Disorders:abdominal tenderness, dyspepsia

General Disorders and Administration Site Conditions:asthenia, catheter site pain, chills, hypothermia, lethargy

Hepatobiliary Disorders:cholestasis, hyperbilirubinemia, jaundice

Immune System Disorders:hypersensitivity, urticaria

Infections and Infestations:conjunctivitis

Laboratory Investigations:AST increased, blood creatinine increased, gamma- glutamyl transferase increased

Metabolism and Nutrition Disorders:hypercalcemia, hypermagnesemia, hyperphosphatemia, hypoglycemia

Musculoskeletal and Connective Tissue Disorders:arthralgia, myalgia

Nervous System Disorders:ataxia**,**convulsion, dizziness, nystagmus, paresthesia, syncope

Psychiatric Disorders:affect lability, agitation, anxiety, depression, insomnia

Respiratory Disorders:bronchospasm, nasal congestion, respiratory failure, tachypnea

Skin and Subcutaneous Tissue Disorders:alopecia, dermatitis (allergic, contact, and exfoliative), pruritus

Vascular Disorders:flushing, phlebitis

Hepatic-Related Adverse Reactions in Pediatric Patients

The frequency of hepatic-related adverse reactions in pediatric patients exposed to voriconazole in therapeutic studies was numerically higher than that of adults (28.6% compared to 24.1%, respectively). The higher frequency of hepatic adverse reactions in the pediatric population was mainly due to an increased frequency of liver enzyme elevations (21.9% in pediatric patients compared to 16.1% in adults), including transaminase elevations (ALT and AST combined) 7.6% in the pediatric patients compared to 5.1% in adults.

Clinical Laboratory Values in Pediatric Patients

The overall incidence of transaminase increases >3× upper limit of normal was 27.2% (28/103) in pediatric and 17.7% (268/1514) in adult patients treated with Voriconazole in pooled clinical trials. The majority of abnormal liver function tests either resolved on treatment with or without dose adjustment or after Voriconazole discontinuation.

A higher frequency of clinically significant liver laboratory abnormalities, irrespective of baseline laboratory values (>3× ULN ALT or AST), was consistently observed in the combined therapeutic pediatric population (15.5% AST and 22.5% ALT) when compared to adults (12.9% AST and 11.6% ALT). The incidence of bilirubin elevation was comparable between adult and pediatric patients. The incidence of hepatic abnormalities in pediatric patients is shown in Table 9.

Table 9: Incidence of Hepatic Abnormalities among Pediatric Subjects

Criteria

n/N (%)

n = number of patients with a clinically significant abnormality while on study therapy
N = total number of patients with at least one observation of the given lab test while on study therapy
AST = Aspartate aminotransferase; ALT = alanine aminotransferase
ULN = upper limit of normal

Total bilirubin

1.5× ULN

19/102 (19)

AST

3.0× ULN

16/103 (16)

ALT

3.0× ULN

23/102 (23)

Alkaline Phosphatase

3.0× ULN

8/97 (8)

6.2 Postmarketing Experience in Adult and Pediatric Patients

The following adverse reactions have been identified during post-approval use of voriconazole. Because these reactions are reported voluntarily from a population of uncertain size, it is not always possible to reliably estimate their frequency or establish a causal relationship to drug exposure.

Dermatological Reactions

Increased risk of skin toxicity with concomitant use of methotrexate, a drug associated with UV reactivation, was observed in postmarketing reports [see Warnings and Precautions (5.6)and Adverse Reactions (6.1)].

Adults

Skeletal: fluorosis and periostitis have been reported during long-term voriconazole therapy [see Warnings and Precautions (5.12)] .

Eye disorders: prolonged visual adverse reactions, including optic neuritis and papilledema [see Warnings and Precautions (5.4)] .

Skin and Appendages:drug reaction with eosinophilia and systemic symptoms (DRESS) has been reported [see Warnings and Precautions (5.5)and Adverse Reactions (6.1)] .

Endocrine disorders: adrenal insufficiency, Cushing's syndrome (when voriconazole has been used concomitantly with corticosteroids) [see Warnings and Precautions (5.8)] .

Pediatric Patients

There have been postmarketing reports of pancreatitis in pediatric patients.

Key Highlight
  • Adult Patients: The most common adverse reactions (incidence ≥2%) were visual disturbances, fever, nausea, rash, vomiting, chills, headache, liver function test abnormal, tachycardia, hallucinations ( 6)
  • Pediatric Patients: The most common adverse reactions (incidence ≥5%) were visual disturbances, pyrexia, vomiting, epistaxis, nausea, rash, abdominal pain, diarrhea, hypertension, hypokalemia, cough, headache, thrombocytopenia, ALT abnormal, hypotension, peripheral edema, hyperglycemia, tachycardia, dyspnea, hypocalcemia, hypophosphatemia, LFT abnormal, mucosal inflammation, photophobia, abdominal distention, constipation, dizziness, hallucinations, hemoptysis, hypoalbuminemia, hypomagnesemia, renal impairment, upper respiratory tract infection ( 6)

To report SUSPECTED ADVERSE REACTIONS, contact Hainan Poly Pharm Co., Ltd. at 1-800-571-8369 or FDA at 1-800-FDA-1088 or www.fda.gov/medwatch.

DRUG INTERACTIONS SECTION

LOINC: 34073-7Updated: 6/20/2022

7 DRUG INTERACTIONS

Voriconazole is metabolized by cytochrome P450 isoenzymes, CYP2C19, CYP2C9, and CYP3A4. Therefore, inhibitors or inducers of these isoenzymes may increase or decrease voriconazole plasma concentrations, respectively. Voriconazole is a strong inhibitor of CYP3A4, and also inhibits CYP2C19 and CYP2C9. Therefore, voriconazole may increase the plasma concentrations of substances metabolized by these CYP450 isoenzymes.

Tables 10 and 11 provide the clinically significant interactions between voriconazole and other medical products.

Table 10: Effect of Other Drugs on Voriconazole Pharmacokinetics [see Clinical Pharmacology (12.3)]

Drug/Drug Class
(Mechanism of Interaction by the Drug)

Voriconazole Plasma Exposure
(C maxand AUC τafter 200 mg every 12 hours)

Recommendations for Voriconazole Dosage Adjustment/Comments

  • Results based on in vivo clinical studies generally following repeat oral dosing with 200 mg every 12 hours voriconazole to healthy subjects †

    Results based on in vivo clinical study following repeat oral dosing with 400 mg every 12 hours for 1 day, then 200 mg every 12 hours for at least 2 days voriconazole to healthy subjects ‡

    Non-Nucleoside Reverse Transcriptase Inhibitors

Rifampin *and Rifabutin *
(CYP450 Induction)

Significantly Reduced

Contraindicated

Efavirenz (400 mg every 24 hours) †
(CYP450 Induction)

Significantly Reduced

Contraindicated

Efavirenz (300 mg every 24 hours) †
(CYP450 Induction)

Slight Decrease in AUCτ

When voriconazole is coadministered with efavirenz, voriconazole oral maintenance dose should be increased to 400 mg every 12 hours and efavirenz should be decreased to 300 mg every 24 hours.

High-dose Ritonavir (400 mg every 12 hours) †(CYP450 Induction)

Significantly Reduced

Contraindicated

Low-dose Ritonavir (100 mg every 12 hours) †(CYP450 Induction)

Reduced

Coadministration of voriconazole and low-dose ritonavir (100 mg every 12 hours) should be avoided, unless an assessment of the benefit/risk to the patient justifies the use of voriconazole.

Carbamazepine
(CYP450 Induction)

Not Studied In Vivoor In Vitro, but Likely to Result in Significant Reduction

Contraindicated

Long Acting Barbiturates (e.g., phenobarbital, mephobarbital)
(CYP450 Induction)

Not Studied In Vivoor In Vitro, but Likely to Result in Significant Reduction

Contraindicated

Phenytoin *
(CYP450 Induction)

Significantly Reduced

Increase voriconazole maintenance dose from 4 mg/kg to 5 mg/kg IV every 12 hours or from 200 mg to 400 mg orally every 12 hours (100 mg to 200 mg orally every 12 hours in patients weighing less than 40 kg).

Letermovir
(CYP2C9/2C19 Induction)

Reduced

If concomitant administration of voriconazole with letermovir cannot be avoided, monitor for reduced effectiveness of voriconazole.

St. John's Wort
(CYP450 inducer; P-gp inducer)

Significantly Reduced

Contraindicated

Oral Contraceptives †containing ethinyl estradiol and norethindrone (CYP2C19 Inhibition)

Increased

Monitoring for adverse reactions and toxicity related to voriconazole is recommended when coadministered with oral contraceptives.

Fluconazole †(CYP2C9, CYP2C19 and CYP3A4 Inhibition)

Significantly Increased

Avoid concomitant administration of voriconazole and fluconazole. Monitoring for adverse reactions and toxicity related to voriconazole is started within 24 hours after the last dose of fluconazole.

Other HIV Protease Inhibitors
(CYP3A4 Inhibition)

In VivoStudies Showed No Significant Effects of Indinavir on Voriconazole Exposure

No dosage adjustment in the voriconazole dosage needed when coadministered with indinavir.

In VitroStudies Demonstrated Potential for Inhibition of Voriconazole Metabolism (Increased Plasma Exposure)

Frequent monitoring for adverse reactions and toxicity related to voriconazole when coadministered with other HIV protease inhibitors.

Other NNRTIs ‡
(CYP3A4 Inhibition or CYP450 Induction)

In VitroStudies Demonstrated Potential for Inhibition of Voriconazole Metabolism by Delavirdine and Other NNRTIs (Increased Plasma Exposure)

Frequent monitoring for adverse reactions and toxicity related to voriconazole.

A Voriconazole-Efavirenz Drug Interaction Study Demonstrated the Potential for the Metabolism of Voriconazole to be Induced by Efavirenz and Other NNRTIs
(Decreased Plasma Exposure)

Careful assessment of voriconazole effectiveness.

Table 11: Effect of Voriconazole on Pharmacokinetics of Other Drugs [see Clinical Pharmacology (12.3)]

Drug/Drug Class
(Mechanism of Interaction by Voriconazole)

Drug Plasma Exposure
(C maxand AUC τ)

Recommendations for Drug Dosage Adjustment/Comments

  • Results based on in vivo clinical studies generally following repeat oral dosing with 200 mg BID voriconazole to healthy subjects †

    Results based on in vivo clinical study following repeat oral dosing with 400 mg every 12 hours for 1 day, then 200 mg every 12 hours for at least 2 days voriconazole to healthy subjects ‡

    Results based on in vivo clinical study following repeat oral dosing with 400 mg every 12 hours for 1 day, then 200 mg every 12 hours for 4 days voriconazole to subjects receiving a methadone maintenance dose (30–100 mg every 24 hours) §

    Non-Steroidal Anti-Inflammatory Drug ¶

    Non-Nucleoside Reverse Transcriptase Inhibitors

Sirolimus *
(CYP3A4 Inhibition)

Significantly Increased

Contraindicated

Rifabutin *
(CYP3A4 Inhibition)

Significantly Increased

Contraindicated

Efavirenz (400 mg every 24 hours) †
(CYP3A4 Inhibition)

Significantly Increased

Contraindicated

Efavirenz (300 mg every 24 hours) †
(CYP3A4 Inhibition)

Slight Increase in AUC τ

When voriconazole is coadministered with efavirenz, voriconazole oral maintenance dose should be increased to 400 mg every 12 hours and efavirenz should be decreased to 300 mg every 24 hours.

High-dose Ritonavir (400 mg every 12 hours) †(CYP3A4 Inhibition)

No Significant Effect of Voriconazole on Ritonavir C maxor AUC τ

Contraindicatedbecause of significant reduction of voriconazole C maxand AUC τ.

Low-dose Ritonavir (100 mg every 12 hours) †

Slight Decrease in Ritonavir C maxand AUC τ

Coadministration of voriconazole and low-dose ritonavir (100 mg every 12 hours) should be avoided (due to the reduction in voriconazole C maxand AUC τ) unless an assessment of the benefit/risk to the patient justifies the use of voriconazole.

Pimozide, Quinidine, Ivabradine
(CYP3A4 Inhibition)

Not Studied In Vivoor In Vitro, but Drug Plasma Exposure Likely to be Increased

Contraindicatedbecause of potential for QT prolongation and rare occurrence of torsade de pointes.

Ergot Alkaloids
(CYP450 Inhibition)

Not Studied In Vivoor In Vitro, but Drug Plasma Exposure Likely to be Increased

Contraindicated

Naloxegol
(CYP3A4 Inhibition)

Not Studied In Vivoor In Vitro, but Drug Plasma Exposure Likely to be Increased which may Increase the Risk of Adverse Reactions

Contraindicated

Tolvaptan
(CYP3A4 Inhibition)

Although Not Studied Clinically, Voriconazole is Likely to Significantly Increase the Plasma Concentrations of Tolvaptan

Contraindicated

Venetoclax
(CYP3A4 Inhibition)

Not studied In Vivoor In Vitro, but Venetoclax Plasma Exposure Likely to be Significantly Increased

Coadministration of voriconazole iscontraindicatedat initiation and during the ramp-up phase in patients with chronic lymphocytic leukemia (CLL) or small lymphocytic lymphoma (SLL). Refer to the venetoclax labeling for safety monitoring and dose reduction in the steady daily dosing phase in CLL/SLL patients.
For patients with acute myeloid leukemia (AML), dose reduction and safety monitoring are recommended across all dosing phases when coadministering Voriconazole with venetoclax. Refer to the venetoclax prescribing information for dosing instructions.

Lemborexant
(CYP3A4 Inhibition)

Not Studied In Vivoor In Vitro, but Drug Plasma Exposure Likely to be Increased

Avoid concomitant use of Voriconazole with lemborexant.

Glasdegib
(CYP3A4 Inhibition)

Not Studied In Vivoor In Vitro, but Drug Plasma Exposure Likely to be Increased

Consider alternative therapies. If concomitant use cannot be avoided, monitor patients for increased risk of adverse reactions including QTc interval prolongation.

Tyrosine kinase inhibitors (including but not limited to axitinib, bosutinib, cabozantinib, ceritinib, cobimetinib, dabrafenib, dasatinib, nilotinib, sunitinib, ibrutinib, ribociclib)
(CYP3A4 Inhibition)

Not Studied In Vivoor In Vitro, but Drug Plasma Exposure Likely to be Increased

Avoid concomitant use of Voriconazole. If concomitant use cannot be avoided, dose reduction of the tyrosine kinase inhibitor is recommended. Refer to the prescribing information for the relevant product.

Lurasidone
(CYP3A4 Inhibition)

Not Studied In Vivoor In Vitro, but Voriconazole is Likely to Significantly Increase the Plasma Concentrations of Lurasidone

Contraindicated

Cyclosporine *
(CYP3A4 Inhibition)

AUC τSignificantly Increased; No Significant Effect on C max

When initiating therapy with Voriconazole in patients already receiving cyclosporine, reduce the cyclosporine dose to one-half of the starting dose and follow with frequent monitoring of cyclosporine blood levels. Increased cyclosporine levels have been associated with nephrotoxicity. When Voriconazole is discontinued, cyclosporine concentrations must be frequently monitored and the dose increased as necessary.

Methadone ‡(CYP3A4 Inhibition)

Increased

Increased plasma concentrations of methadone have been associated with toxicity including QT prolongation. Frequent monitoring for adverse reactions and toxicity related to methadone is recommended during coadministration. Dose reduction of methadone may be needed.

Fentanyl (CYP3A4 Inhibition)

Increased

Reduction in the dose of fentanyl and other long-acting opiates metabolized by CYP3A4 should be considered when coadministered with Voriconazole. Extended and frequent monitoring for opiate-associated adverse reactions may be necessary.

Alfentanil (CYP3A4 Inhibition)

Significantly Increased

An increase in the incidence of delayed and persistent alfentanil-associated nausea and vomiting were observed when coadministered with Voriconazole. Reduction in the dose of alfentanil and other opiates metabolized by CYP3A4 (e.g., sufentanil) should be considered when coadministered with Voriconazole. A longer period for monitoring respiratory and other opiate-associated adverse reactions may be necessary.

Oxycodone (CYP3A4 Inhibition)

Significantly Increased

Increased visual effects (heterophoria and miosis) of oxycodone were observed when coadministered with Voriconazole.
Reduction in the dose of oxycodone and other long-acting opiates metabolized by CYP3A4 should be considered when coadministered with Voriconazole. Extended and frequent monitoring for opiate-associated adverse reactions may be necessary.

NSAIDs §including. ibuprofen and diclofenac
(CYP2C9 Inhibition)

Increased

Frequent monitoring for adverse reactions and toxicity related to NSAIDs. Dose reduction of NSAIDs may be needed.

Tacrolimus *
(CYP3A4 Inhibition)

Significantly Increased

When initiating therapy with Voriconazole in patients already receiving tacrolimus, reduce the tacrolimus dose to one-third of the starting dose and follow with frequent monitoring of tacrolimus blood levels. Increased tacrolimus levels have been associated with nephrotoxicity. When Voriconazole is discontinued, tacrolimus concentrations must be frequently monitored and the dose increased as necessary.

Phenytoin *
(CYP2C9 Inhibition)

Significantly Increased

Frequent monitoring of phenytoin plasma concentrations and frequent monitoring of adverse effects related to phenytoin.

Oral Contraceptives containing ethinyl estradiol and norethindrone (CYP3A4 Inhibition) †

Increased

Monitoring for adverse reactions related to oral contraceptives is recommended during coadministration.

Prednisolone and other corticosteroids
(CYP3A4 Inhibition)

In VivoStudies Showed No Significant Effects of Voriconazole on Prednisolone Exposure
Not Studied In vitroor In vivofor Other Corticosteroids, but Drug Exposure Likely to be Increased

No dosage adjustment for prednisolone when coadministered with Voriconazole [see Clinical Pharmacology (12.3)].
Monitor for potential adrenal dysfunction when Voriconazole is administered with other corticosteroids [See Warnings and Precautions (5.8)].

Warfarin *
(CYP2C9 Inhibition)

Prothrombin Time Significantly Increased

If patients receiving coumarin preparations are treated simultaneously with voriconazole, the prothrombin time or other suitable anticoagulation tests should be monitored at close intervals and the dosage of anticoagulants adjusted accordingly.

Other Oral Coumarin Anticoagulants
(CYP2C9/3A4 Inhibition)

Not Studied In Vivoor In Vitrofor other Oral Coumarin Anticoagulants, but Drug Plasma Exposure Likely to be Increased

Ivacaftor
(CYP3A4 Inhibition)

Not Studied In Vivoor In Vitro, but Drug Plasma Exposure Likely to be Increased which may Increase the Risk of Adverse Reactions

Dose reduction of ivacaftor is recommended. Refer to the prescribing information for ivacaftor

Eszopiclone
(CYP3A4 Inhibition)

Not Studied In Vivoor In Vitro, but Drug Plasma Exposure Likely to be Increased which may Increase the Sedative Effect of Eszopiclone

Dose reduction of eszopiclone is recommended. Refer to the prescribing information for eszopiclone.

Omeprazole *
(CYP2C19/3A4 Inhibition)

Significantly Increased

When initiating therapy with Voriconazole in patients already receiving omeprazole doses of 40 mg or greater, reduce the omeprazole dose by one-half. The metabolism of other proton pump inhibitors that are CYP2C19 substrates may also be inhibited by voriconazole and may result in increased plasma concentrations of other proton pump inhibitors.

Other HIV Protease Inhibitors
(CYP3A4 Inhibition)

In VivoStudies Showed No Significant Effects on Indinavir Exposure

No dosage adjustment for indinavir when coadministered with Voriconazole.

In VitroStudies Demonstrated Potential for Voriconazole to Inhibit Metabolism
(Increased Plasma Exposure)

Frequent monitoring for adverse reactions and toxicity related to other HIV protease inhibitors.

Other NNRTIs ¶
(CYP3A4 Inhibition)

A Voriconazole-Efavirenz Drug Interaction Study Demonstrated the Potential for Voriconazole to Inhibit Metabolism of Other NNRTIs
(Increased Plasma Exposure)

Frequent monitoring for adverse reactions and toxicity related to NNRTI.

Tretinoin
(CYP3A4 Inhibition)

Although Not Studied, Voriconazole may Increase Tretinoin Concentrations and Increase the Risk of Adverse Reactions

Frequent monitoring for signs and symptoms of pseudotumor cerebri or hypercalcemia.

Midazolam
(CYP3A4 Inhibition)

Significantly Increased

Increased plasma exposures may increase the risk of adverse reactions and toxicities related to benzodiazepines.

Other benzodiazepines including triazolam and alprazolam
(CYP3A4 Inhibition)

In VitroStudies Demonstrated Potential for Voriconazole to Inhibit Metabolism
(Increased Plasma Exposure)

Refer to drug-specific labeling for details.

HMG-CoA Reductase Inhibitors (Statins)
(CYP3A4 Inhibition)

In VitroStudies Demonstrated Potential for Voriconazole to Inhibit Metabolism
(Increased Plasma Exposure)

Frequent monitoring for adverse reactions and toxicity related to statins. Increased statin concentrations in plasma have been associated with rhabdomyolysis. Adjustment of the statin dosage may be needed.

Dihydropyridine Calcium Channel Blockers
(CYP3A4 Inhibition)

In VitroStudies Demonstrated Potential for Voriconazole to Inhibit Metabolism
(Increased Plasma Exposure)

Frequent monitoring for adverse reactions and toxicity related to calcium channel blockers. Adjustment of calcium channel blocker dosage may be needed.

Sulfonylurea Oral Hypoglycemics
(CYP2C9 Inhibition)

Not Studied In Vivoor In Vitro, but Drug Plasma Exposure Likely to be Increased

Frequent monitoring of blood glucose and for signs and symptoms of hypoglycemia. Adjustment of oral hypoglycemic drug dosage may be needed.

Vinca Alkaloids
(CYP3A4 Inhibition)

Not Studied In Vivoor In Vitro, but Drug Plasma Exposure Likely to be Increased

Frequent monitoring for adverse reactions and toxicity (i.e., neurotoxicity) related to vinca alkaloids. Reserve azole antifungals, including voriconazole, for patients receiving a vinca alkaloid who have no alternative antifungal treatment options.

Everolimus
(CYP3A4 Inhibition)

Not Studied In Vivoor In Vitro, but Drug Plasma Exposure Likely to be Increased

Concomitant administration of voriconazole and everolimus is not recommended.

Key Highlight
  • CYP3A4, CYP2C9, and CYP2C19 inhibitors and inducers: Adjust Voriconazole dosage and monitor for adverse reactions or lack of efficacy ( 4, 7)
  • Voriconazole may increase the concentrations and activity of drugs that are CYP3A4, CYP2C9 and CYP2C19 substrates. Reduce dosage of these other drugs and monitor for adverse reactions ( 4, 7)
  • Phenytoin or Efavirenz: With co-administration, increase maintenance oral and intravenous dosage of Voriconazole ( 2.3, 2.7, 7)

OVERDOSAGE SECTION

LOINC: 34088-5Updated: 6/20/2022

10 OVERDOSAGE

In clinical trials, there were three cases of accidental overdose. All occurred in pediatric patients who received up to five times the recommended intravenous dose of voriconazole. A single adverse reaction of photophobia of 10 minutes duration was reported.

There is no known antidote to voriconazole.

Voriconazole is hemodialyzed with clearance of 121 mL/min. The intravenous vehicle, SBECD, is hemodialyzed with clearance of 55 mL/min. In an overdose, hemodialysis may assist in the removal of voriconazole and SBECD from the body.

DESCRIPTION SECTION

LOINC: 34089-3Updated: 6/20/2022

11 DESCRIPTION

Voriconazole, an azole antifungal agent is available as a lyophilized powder for solution for intravenous infusion, film-coated tablets for oral administration, and as a powder for oral suspension. The structural formula is:

Chemical Structure

Voriconazole is designated chemically as (2R,3S)-2-(2, 4-difluorophenyl)-3-(5-fluoro-4-pyrimidinyl)-1-(1 H-1,2,4-triazol-1-yl)-2-butanol with an empirical formula of C 16H 14F 3N 5O and a molecular weight of 349.3.

Voriconazole, USP drug substance is a white to light-colored powder.

Voriconazole for Oral Suspension is a white to off-white powder providing a white to off-white orange-flavored suspension when reconstituted. Bottles containing 45 grams powder for oral suspension, which contain 3 g of voriconazole, are intended for reconstitution with water to produce a suspension containing 40 mg/mL voriconazole, USP. The inactive ingredients include anhydrous citric acid, colloidal silicon dioxide, orange flavor, sodium benzoate, sodium citrate dihydrate, sucrose, titanium dioxide, and xanthan gum.

SPL UNCLASSIFIED SECTION

LOINC: 42229-5Updated: 6/20/2022

Manufactured for:

Hainan Poly Pharm Co., Ltd.

SPL PATIENT PACKAGE INSERT SECTION

LOINC: 42230-3Updated: 2/28/2023

This Patient Information has been approved by the U.S. Food and Drug Administration.

Revised: 12/2023

PATIENT INFORMATION
V****oriconazole
for oral suspension

Read the Patient Information that comes with voriconazole for oral suspensionbefore you start taking it and each time you get a refill. There may be new information. This information does not take the place of talking with your healthcare provider about your condition or treatment.

What is voriconazole for oral suspension?
Voriconazole is a prescription medicine used to treat certain serious fungal infections in your blood and body. These infections are called "aspergillosis," "esophageal candidiasis," " Scedosporium," " Fusarium," and "candidemia".
It is not known if voriconazole for oral suspension is safe and effective in children younger than 2 years old.

Do not take Voriconazole if you:

*are allergic to voriconazole or any of the ingredients in Voriconazole. See the end of this leaflet for a complete list of ingredients in Voriconazole. *are taking any of the following medicines:

  • pimozide
  • rifampin
  • efavirenz
  • ergotamine, dihydroergotamine (ergot alkaloids)
  • tolvaptan
  • venetoclax
  • quinidine
  • carbamazepine
  • ritonavir
  • St.John's Wort (herbal supplement)
  • lurasidone
  • sirolimus
  • long-acting barbiturates like phenobarbital
  • rifabutin
  • naloxegol
  • ivabradine

Ask your healthcare provider or pharmacist if you are not sure if you are taking any of the medicines listed above.
Do not start taking a new medicine without talking to your healthcare provider or pharmacist.

Before you take voriconazole for oral suspension, tell your healthcare provider about all of your medical conditions, including if you:

  • have or ever had heart disease, or an abnormal heart rate or rhythm. Your healthcare provider may order a test to check your heart (EKG) before starting voriconazole for oral suspension.
  • have low potassium levels, low magnesium levels, and low calcium levels. Your healthcare provider may do blood tests before starting and during treatment with voriconazole for oral suspension.
  • have liver or kidney problems. Your healthcare provider may do blood tests to make sure you can take voriconazole for oral suspension.
  • have trouble digesting dairy products, lactose (milk sugar), or regular table sugar. Voriconazole liquid contains sucrose (table sugar).
  • are pregnant or plan to become pregnant. voriconazole can harm your unborn baby. Talk to your healthcare provider if you are pregnant or plan to become pregnant. Women who can become pregnant should use effective birth control while taking voriconazole for oral suspension. Talk to your healthcare provider about birth control methods that may be right for you.
  • are breastfeeding or plan to breastfeed. It is not known if voriconazole passes into breast milk. Talk to your healthcare provider about the best way to feed your baby if you take voriconazole for oral suspension.

Tell your healthcare provider about all the medicines you take, including prescription and over-the-counter medicines, vitamins and herbal supplements.
Voriconazole for oral suspension may affect the way other medicines work, and other medicines may affect how voriconazole for oral suspensionworks.
Know what medicines you take. Keep a list of them to show your healthcare provider or pharmacist when you get a new medicine.

How should I take voriconazole for oral suspension?

*Voriconazole may be prescribed to you as: * Voriconazole oral suspension

  • Take voriconazole oral suspension exactly as your healthcare provider tells you to.
  • Take voriconazole oral suspension at least 1 hour before or at least 1 hour after meals.
  • Voriconazole oral suspension will be mixed for you by your pharmacist. Shake the bottle of Voriconazole oral suspension for 10 seconds each time before you use it.
  • Only use the oral dispenser that comes with your Voriconazole oral suspension to administer your medicine. *Do notmix voriconazole oral suspension with any other medicine, flavored liquid, or syrup.
  • If you take too much Voriconazole, call your healthcare provider or go to the nearest hospital emergency room.

What should I avoid while taking voriconazole for oral suspension?

  • You should not drive at night while taking voriconazole for oral suspension. voriconazole for oral suspension can cause changes in your vision such as blurring or sensitivity to light.
  • Do not drive or operate machinery, or do other dangerous activities until you know how voriconazole for oral suspension affects you.
  • Avoid direct sunlight. Voriconazole for oral suspension can make your skin sensitive to the sun and the light from sunlamps and tanning beds. You could get a severe sunburn. Use sunscreen and wear a hat and clothes that cover your skin if you have to be in sunlight. Talk to your healthcare provider if you get sunburn.

What are possible side effects of voriconazole for oral suspension?
** Voriconazole for oral suspension may cause serious side effects including: **

***liver problems.**Symptoms of liver problems may include:

  • itchy skin
  • flu-like symptoms
  • yellowing of your eyes
  • nausea or vomiting
  • feeling very tired

***vision changes.**Symptoms of vision changes may include:

  • blurred vision
  • changes in the way you see colors
  • sensitivity to light or sun (photosensitivity). Voriconazole can cause serious photosensitivity. There is an increased chance of skin toxicity while taking Voriconazole. This can happen with or without taking other medicines like methotrexate. Photosensitivity reactions may also increase your risk of:
    • faster skin aging from the sun
    • skin cancer Call your healthcare provider right away if you get a new skin rash or your skin rash gets worse.

***serious heart problems.**Voriconazole for oral suspension may cause changes in your heart rate or rhythm, including your heart stopping (cardiac arrest). ***allergic reactions.**Symptoms of an allergic reaction may include:

  • fever
  • chest tightness
  • nausea
  • sweating
  • trouble breathing
  • itching
  • feels like your heart is beating fast (tachycardia)
  • feel faint
  • skin rash

*kidney problems. Voriconazole for oral suspension may cause new or worse problems with kidney function, including kidney failure. Your healthcare provider should check your kidney function while you are taking Voriconazole for oral suspension. Your healthcare provider will decide if you can keep taking Voriconazole for oral suspension. *serious skin reactions. Symptoms of serious skin reactions may include:

  • rash or hives
  • mouth sores
  • blistering or peeling of your skin
  • trouble swallowing or breathing *adrenal gland problems:
    • Voriconazole for oral suspensionmay cause reduced adrenal function (adrenal insufficiency).
    • Voriconazole for oral suspension may cause overactive adrenal function (Cushing's syndrome) when voriconazole is used at the same time with corticosteroids.

Symptoms of adrenal insufficiency include:

  • feeling tired
  • nausea and vomiting
  • abdominal pain
  • lack of energy
  • feeling dizzy or lightheaded
  • weakness
  • weight loss

Symptoms of Cushing's syndrome include:

  • weight gain
  • thinning skin
  • excessive hair growth
  • fatty hump between the shoulders (buffalo hump) and a rounded face (moon face)
  • bruising easily
  • excessive sweating
  • darkening of the skin on the stomach, thighs, breasts, and arms
  • high blood sugar

***bone problems.**Voriconazole for oral suspension may cause weakening of bones and bone pain. Tell your healthcare provider if you have bone pain.

Call your healthcare provider or go to the nearest hospital emergency room right away if you have any of the symptoms listed above.

The most common side effects of Voriconazole for oral suspension in adults include:

  • vision changes
  • nausea
  • hallucinations (seeing or hearing things that are not there)
  • rash
  • headache
  • abnormal liver function tests
  • chills
  • vomiting
  • fast heart beat (tachycardia)
  • fever

The most common side effects of Voriconazole for oral suspension in children include:

  • fever
  • diarrhea
  • low platelet counts
  • abnormal liver function tests
  • low blood calcium levels
  • low blood phosphate levels
  • vision changes
  • rash
  • stomach pain
  • high blood pressure
  • cough
  • low blood pressure
  • swelling in the arms and legs
  • high blood sugar levels
  • headache
  • fast heart beat (tachycardia)
  • nose bleeds
  • low blood potassium levels
  • inflammation of mucous membranes
  • hallucinations (seeing or hearing things that are not there)
  • coughing up blood
  • constipation
  • low blood magnesium levels
  • fullness of the stomach area
  • vomiting
  • nausea
  • upper respiratory tract infection

Tell your healthcare provider if you have any side effect that bothers you or that does not go away.
These are not all the possible side effects of Voriconazole.
Call your doctor for medical advice about side effects. You may report side effects to FDA at 1-800-FDA-1088.

How should I store voriconazole for oral suspension?

  • Store voriconazole liquid at room temperature, 59°F to 86°F (15°C to 30°C). Do not refrigerate or freeze.
  • Voriconazole suspension should be thrown away (discarded) after 14 days.
  • Keep voriconazole tablets and oral suspension in a tightly closed container.
  • Safely throw away medicine that is out of date or no longer needed.
  • Keep voriconazole, as well as all other medicines, out of the reach of children.

General information about the safe and effective use of voriconazole for oral suspensio.
Medicines are sometimes prescribed for purposes other than those listed in a Patient Information leaflet. Do not use voriconazole for oral suspensio for a condition for which it was not prescribed. Do not give voriconazole for oral suspensioto other people, even if they have the same symptoms that you have. It may harm them.
You can ask your healthcare provider or pharmacist for information aboutvoriconazole for oral suspensio that is written for health professionals.

What are the ingredients in voriconazole for oral suspension?
** Active ingredient:**voriconazole, USP.
Inactive ingredients:
**Voriconazole oral suspension:**anhydrous citric acid, colloidal silicon dioxide, orange flavor, sodium benzoate, sodium citrate dihydrate, sucrose, titanium dioxide, and xanthan gum.
For more information, go to www.hnpoly.com or call 1-800-571-8369.
This product's labeling may have been updated. For the most recent prescribing information, please visit www.hnpoly.com.

Manufactured for:

Hainan Poly Pharm Co., Ltd

INSTRUCTIONS FOR USE SECTION

LOINC: 59845-8Updated: 6/20/2022

INSTRUCTIONS FOR USE

Voriconazole
for oral suspension

Read this Instructions for Use before you start taking voriconazole for oral suspension and each time you get a refill. There may be new information. This information does not take the place of talking with your healthcare provider about your medical condition or treatment.

Important information:

  • Follow your healthcare provider's instructions for the dose of voriconazole for oral suspension to take.
  • Ask your healthcare provider or pharmacist if you are not sure how to take voriconazole for oral suspension.
  • Vvoriconazole for oral suspension is a liquid form of voriconazole for oral suspension. Your pharmacist will mix (reconstitute) the medicine before it is dispensed to you. If voriconazole for oral suspension is still in powder form, do not use it. Return it to your pharmacist.
  • Always use the oral dispenser provided with voriconazole for oral suspension to make sure you measure the right amount of voriconazole for oral suspension. *Shake the closed bottle of mixed (reconstituted) oral suspension well for about 10 seconds before each use.

Each pack contains:

Image

How to prepare the bottle and take voriconazole for oral suspension:

1.

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2.

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3.

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Remove the child-resistant bottle cap by pushing down while twisting the cap to the left (counter-clockwise).

Push the bottle adapter firmly into the bottle (if your pharmacist has not already inserted the bottle adapter). If the bottle adapter is missing, contact your pharmacist.

**Important:**Bottle adapter must be fully inserted before use.

Do notremove the bottle adapter after it is inserted.

4.

Image

5.

Image

6.

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Pull back on the oral dispenser plunger to your prescribed dose.

Insert the tip of the oral dispenser into the bottle adapter.

While holding the bottle with 1 hand, push down on the oral dispenser plunger with your other hand to push air into the bottle.

7.

Image

8.

Image

9.

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Turn the bottle upside down and slowly pull back on the oral dispenser plunger to withdraw your prescribed dose of medicine.

Turn the bottle back upright with the oral dispenser still in place. Remove the tip of the oral dispenser from the bottle adapter from the bottle adapter.

Screw the bottle cap back on the bottle tightly by turning the cap to the right (clockwise).

Place the tip of the oral dispenser in your mouth and point the tip of the oral dispenser towards the inside of the cheek.Slowlypush the plunger until all the medicine is given.Do notsquirt the medicine out quickly. This may cause you to choke.

Do notremove the bottle adapter. The bottle cap will fit over it.

If the medicine is to be given to a child, keep your child in an upright position while giving the medicine.

Rinse the oral dispenser after each use.

  • Pull the plunger out of the oral dispenser and wash both parts with warm soapy water.
  • Rinse both parts with water and allow to air dry after each use.
  • After air drying, push the plunger back into the oral dispenser.
  • Store the oral dispenser with voriconazole oral suspension in a clean safe place.

How should I store voriconazole oral suspension?

  • Store voriconazole oral suspension at room temperature between 59°F to 86°F (15°C to 30°C). *Do notrefrigerate or freeze.
  • Keep the bottle cap tightly closed.
  • Use voriconazole oral suspension within 14 days after it has been mixed (reconstituted) by the pharmacist. The pharmacist will write the expiration date on the bottle label (the expiration date of the oral suspension is 14 days from the date it was mixed (reconstituted) by the pharmacist). Throw away (discard) any unused voriconazole for oral suspension after the expiration date. *Keep voriconazole oral suspension and all medicines out of the reach of children.

This product's labeling may have been updated. For the most recent prescribing information, please visit www.hnpoly.com.

Manufactured for:

Hainan Poly Pharm Co., Ltd

This Instructions for Use has been approved by the U.S. Food and Drug Administration. Revised: 12/2023

RECENT MAJOR CHANGES SECTION

LOINC: 43683-2Updated: 6/20/2022

RECENT MAJOR CHANGES

Warnings and Precautions, Photosensitivity ( 5.6)

10/2022

DOSAGE FORMS & STRENGTHS SECTION

LOINC: 43678-2Updated: 6/20/2022

3 DOSAGE FORMS AND STRENGTHS

Powder for Oral Suspension

Voriconazole for Oral Suspension is supplied as a white to off-white powder in 100 mL high density polyethylene (HDPE) bottles. Following reconstitution, the volume of white to off white suspension is 75 mL, providing a usable volume of 70 mL. Each mL of the oral suspension contains 40 mg of voriconazole (200 mg of voriconazole per 5 mL).

Key Highlight
  • For Oral Suspension: 40 mg/mL (200 mg/5 mL) when reconstituted ( 3)

USE IN SPECIFIC POPULATIONS SECTION

LOINC: 43684-0Updated: 12/25/2023

8 USE IN SPECIFIC POPULATIONS

8.1 Pregnancy

Risk Summary

Voriconazole can cause fetal harm when administered to a pregnant woman. There are no available data on the use of Voriconazole in pregnant women. In animal reproduction studies, oral voriconazole was associated with fetal malformations in rats and fetal toxicity in rabbits. Cleft palates and hydronephrosis/hydroureter were observed in rat pups exposed to voriconazole during organogenesis at and above 10 mg/kg (0.3 times the RMD of 200 mg every 12 hours based on body surface area comparisons). In rabbits, embryomortality, reduced fetal weight and increased incidence of skeletal variations, cervical ribs and extrasternal ossification sites were observed in pups when pregnant rabbits were orally dosed at 100 mg/kg (6 times the RMD based on body surface area comparisons) during organogenesis. Rats exposed to voriconazole from implantation to weaning experienced increased gestational length and dystocia, which were associated with increased perinatal pup mortality at the 10 mg/kg dose [see Data] . If this drug is used during pregnancy, or if the patient becomes pregnant while taking this drug, inform the patient of the potential hazard to the fetus [see Warnings and Precautions (5.9)] .

The background risk of major birth defects and miscarriage for the indicated populations is unknown. In the U.S. general population, the estimated background risk of major birth defects and miscarriage in clinically recognized pregnancies is 2–4% and 15–20% respectively.

Data

Animal Data

Voriconazole was administered orally to pregnant rats during organogenesis (gestation days 6–17) at 10, 30, and 60 mg/kg/day. .Voriconazole was associated with increased incidences of the malformations hydroureter and hydronephrosis at 10 mg/kg/day or greater, approximately 0.3 times the recommended human dose (RMD) based on body surface area comparisons, and cleft palate at 60 mg/kg ,approximately 2 times the RMD based on body surface area comparisons. Reduced ossification of sacral and caudal vertebrae, skull, pubic, and hyoid bone, supernumerary ribs, anomalies of the sternebrae, and dilatation of the ureter/renal pelvis were also observed at doses of 10 mg/kg or greater. There was no evidence of maternal toxicity at any dose.

Voriconazole was administered orally to pregnant rabbits during the period of organogenesis (gestation days 7–19) at 10, 40, and 100 mg/kg/day. Voriconazole was associated with increased post-implantation loss and decreased fetal body weight, in association with maternal toxicity (decreased body weight gain and food consumption) at 100 mg/kg/day (6 times the RMD based on body surface area comparisons). Fetal skeletal variations (increases in the incidence of cervical rib and extra sternebral ossification sites) were observed at 100 mg/kg/day.

In a peri- and postnatal toxicity study in rats, voriconazole was administered orally to female rats from implantation through the end of lactation at 1, 3, and 10 mg/kg/day. Voriconazole prolonged the duration of gestation and labor and produced dystocia with related increases in maternal mortality and decreases in perinatal survival of F1 pups at 10 mg/kg/day, approximately 0.3 times the RMD.

8.2 Lactation

Risk Summary

No data are available regarding the presence of voriconazole in human milk, the effects of voriconazole on the breastfed infant, or the effects on milk production. The developmental and health benefits of breastfeeding should be considered along with the mother's clinical need for voriconazole and any potential adverse effects on the breastfed child from voriconazole or from the underlying maternal condition.

8.3 Females and Males of Reproductive Potential

Contraception

Advise females of reproductive potential to use effective contraception during treatment with voriconazole. The coadministration of voriconazole with the oral contraceptive, Ortho-Novum ®(35 mcg ethinyl estradiol and 1 mg norethindrone), results in an interaction between these two drugs, but is unlikely to reduce the contraceptive effect. Monitoring for adverse reactions associated with oral contraceptives and voriconazole is recommended [see Drug Interactions (7)and Clinical Pharmacology (12.3)] .

8.4 Pediatric Use

The safety and effectiveness of voriconazole have been established in pediatric patients 2 years of age and older based on evidence from adequate and well-controlled studies in adult and pediatric patients and additional pediatric pharmacokinetic and safety data. A total of 105 pediatric patients aged 2 to less than 12 [N=26] and aged 12 to less than 18 [N=79] from two, non-comparative Phase 3 pediatric studies and eight adult therapeutic trials provided safety information for voriconazole use in the pediatric population [see Adverse Reactions (6.1), Clinical Pharmacology (12.3), and Clinical Studies (14)] .

Safety and effectiveness in pediatric patients below the age of 2 years has not been established. Therefore, voriconazole is not recommended for pediatric patients less than 2 years of age.

A higher frequency of liver enzyme elevations was observed in the pediatric patients [see Dosage and Administration (2.5), Warnings and Precautions (5.1), and Adverse Reactions (6.1)] .

The frequency of phototoxicity reactions is higher in the pediatric population. Squamous cell carcinoma has been reported in patients who experience photosensitivity reactions. Stringent measures for photoprotection are warranted. Sun avoidance and dermatologic follow-up are recommended in pediatric patients experiencing photoaging injuries, such as lentigines or ephelides, even after treatment discontinuation [see Warnings and Precautions (5.6)].

Voriconazole has not been studied in pediatric patients with hepatic or renal impairment [see Dosage and Administration (2.5, 2.6)] . Hepatic function and serum creatinine levels should be closely monitored in pediatric patients [see Dosage and Administration (2.6)and Warnings and Precautions (5.1, 5.10)] .

8.5 Geriatric Use

In multiple dose therapeutic trials of voriconazole, 9.2% of patients were ≥65 years of age and 1.8% of patients were ≥75 years of age. In a study in healthy subjects, the systemic exposure (AUC) and peak plasma concentrations (C max) were increased in elderly males compared to young males. Pharmacokinetic data obtained from 552 patients from 10 voriconazole therapeutic trials showed that voriconazole plasma concentrations in the elderly patients were approximately 80% to 90% higher than those in younger patients after either IV or oral administration. However, the overall safety profile of the elderly patients was similar to that of the young so no dosage adjustment is recommended [see Clinical Pharmacology (12.3)] .

Key Highlight
  • Pediatrics: Safety and effectiveness in patients younger than 2 years has not been established ( 8.4)

NONCLINICAL TOXICOLOGY SECTION

LOINC: 43680-8Updated: 6/20/2022

13 NONCLINICAL TOXICOLOGY

13.1 Carcinogenesis, Mutagenesis, Impairment of Fertility

Two-year carcinogenicity studies were conducted in rats and mice. Rats were given oral doses of 6, 18 or 50 mg/kg voriconazole, or 0.2, 0.6, or 1.6 times the RMD on a body surface area basis. Hepatocellular adenomas were detected in females at 50 mg/kg and hepatocellular carcinomas were found in males at 6 and 50 mg/kg. Mice were given oral doses of 10, 30 or 100 mg/kg voriconazole, or 0.1, 0.4, or 1.4 times the RMD on a body surface area basis. In mice, hepatocellular adenomas were detected in males and females and hepatocellular carcinomas were detected in males at 1.4 times the RMD of voriconazole.

Voriconazole demonstrated clastogenic activity (mostly chromosome breaks) in human lymphocyte cultures in vitro. Voriconazole was not genotoxic in the Ames assay, CHO HGPRT assay, the mouse micronucleus assay or the in vivoDNA repair test (Unscheduled DNA Synthesis assay).

Voriconazole administration induced no impairment of male or female fertility in rats dosed at 50 mg/kg, or 1.6 times the RMD.

CLINICAL STUDIES SECTION

LOINC: 34092-7Updated: 6/20/2022

14 CLINICAL STUDIES

Voriconazole, administered orally or parenterally, has been evaluated as primary or salvage therapy in 520 patients aged 12 years and older with infections caused by Aspergillusspp., Fusariumspp., and Scedosporiumspp.

14.1 Invasive Aspergillosis (IA)

Voriconazole was studied in patients for primary therapy of IA (randomized, controlled study 307/602), for primary and salvage therapy of aspergillosis (non-comparative study 304) and for treatment of patients with IA who were refractory to, or intolerant of, other antifungal therapy (non-comparative study 309/604).

Study 307/602 – Primary Therapy of Invasive Aspergillosis

The efficacy of voriconazole compared to amphotericin B in the primary treatment of acute IA was demonstrated in 277 patients treated for 12 weeks in a randomized, controlled study (Study 307/602). The majority of study patients had underlying hematologic malignancies, including bone marrow transplantation. The study also included patients with solid organ transplantation, solid tumors, and AIDS. The patients were mainly treated for definite or probable IA of the lungs. Other aspergillosis infections included disseminated disease, CNS infections and sinus infections. Diagnosis of definite or probable IA was made according to criteria modified from those established by the National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases Mycoses Study Group/European Organisation for Research and Treatment of Cancer (NIAID MSG/EORTC).

Voriconazole was administered intravenously with a loading dose of 6 mg/kg every 12 hours for the first 24 hours followed by a maintenance dose of 4 mg/kg every 12 hours for a minimum of 7 days. Therapy could then be switched to the oral formulation at a dose of 200 mg every 12 hours. Median duration of IV voriconazole therapy was 10 days (range 2–85 days). After IV voriconazole therapy, the median duration of PO voriconazole therapy was 76 days (range 2–232 days).

Patients in the comparator group received conventional amphotericin B as a slow infusion at a daily dose of 1.0–1.5 mg/kg/day. Median duration of IV amphotericin therapy was 12 days (range 1–85 days). Treatment was then continued with OLAT, including itraconazole and lipid amphotericin B formulations. Although initial therapy with conventional amphotericin B was to be continued for at least two weeks, actual duration of therapy was at the discretion of the investigator. Patients who discontinued initial randomized therapy due to toxicity or lack of efficacy were eligible to continue in the study with OLAT treatment.

A satisfactory global response at 12 weeks (complete or partial resolution of all attributable symptoms, signs, radiographic/bronchoscopic abnormalities present at baseline) was seen in 53% of voriconazole treated patients compared to 32% of amphotericin B treated patients (Table 15). A benefit of voriconazole compared to amphotericin B on patient survival at Day 84 was seen with a 71% survival rate on voriconazole compared to 58% on amphotericin B (Table 13).

Table 13 also summarizes the response (success) based on mycological confirmation and species.

Table 13: Overall Efficacy and Success by Species in the Primary Treatment of Acute Invasive Aspergillosis Study 307/602

Voriconazole

Ampho B *

Stratified Difference
(95% CI) †

  • Amphotericin B followed by other licensed antifungal therapy †

    Difference and corresponding 95% confidence interval are stratified by protocol ‡

    Assessed by independent Data Review Committee (DRC) §

    Proportion of subjects alive ¶

    Not all mycologically confirmed specimens were speciated

Some patients had more than one species isolated at baseline

n/N (%)

n/N (%)

Efficacy as Primary Therapy

Satisfactory Global Response ‡

76/144 (53)

42/133 (32)

21.8%
(10.5%, 33.0%)
p<0.0001

Survival at Day 84 §

102/144 (71)

77/133 (58)

13.1%
(2.1%, 24.2%)

Success by Species

Success n/N (%)

Overall success

76/144 (53)

42/133 (32)

Mycologically confirmed ¶

37/84 (44)

16/67 (24)

Aspergillusspp. #

A. fumigatus

28/63 (44)

12/47 (26)

A. flavus

3/6

4/9

A. terreus

2/3

0/3

A. niger

1/4

0/9

A. nidulans

1/1

0/0

Study 304 – Primary and Salvage Therapy of Aspergillosis

In this non-comparative study, an overall success rate of 52% (26/50) was seen in patients treated with voriconazole for primary therapy. Success was seen in 17/29 (59%) with Aspergillus fumigatusinfections and 3/6 (50%) patients with infections due to non- fumigatusspecies [ A. flavus(1/1); A. nidulans(0/2); A. niger(2/2); A. terreus(0/1)] .Success in patients who received voriconazole as salvage therapy is presented in Table 14.

Study 309/604 – Treatment of Patients with Invasive Aspergillosis who were Refractory to, or Intolerant of, other Antifungal Therapy

Additional data regarding response rates in patients who were refractory to, or intolerant of, other antifungal agents are also provided in Table 16. In this non-comparative study, overall mycological eradication for culture- documented infections due to fumigatusand non- fumigatusspecies of Aspergilluswas 36/82 (44%) and 12/30 (40%), respectively, in voriconazole treated patients. Patients had various underlying diseases and species other than A. fumigatuscontributed to mixed infections in some cases.

For patients who were infected with a single pathogen and were refractory to, or intolerant of, other antifungal agents, the satisfactory response rates for voriconazole in studies 304 and 309/604 are presented in Table 14.

Table 14: Combined Response Data in Salvage Patients with Single Aspergillus Species (Studies 304 and 309/604)

Success
n/N

A. fumigatus

43/97 (44%)

A. flavus

5/12

A. nidulans

1/3

A. niger

4/5

A. terreus

3/8

A. versicolor

0/1

Nineteen patients had more than one species of Aspergillusisolated. Success was seen in 4/17 (24%) of these patients.

14.2 Candidemia in Non-neutropenic Patients and Other Deep Tissue

CandidaInfections

Voriconazole was compared to the regimen of amphotericin B followed by fluconazole in Study 608, an open-label, comparative study in nonneutropenic patients with candidemia associated with clinical signs of infection. Patients were randomized in 2:1 ratio to receive either voriconazole (n=283) or the regimen of amphotericin B followed by fluconazole (n=139). Patients were treated with randomized study drug for a median of 15 days. Most of the candidemia in patients evaluated for efficacy was caused by C. albicans(46%), followed by C. tropicalis(19%), C. parapsilosis(17%), C. glabrata(15%), and C. krusei(1%).

An independent Data Review Committee (DRC), blinded to study treatment, reviewed the clinical and mycological data from this study, and generated one assessment of response for each patient. A successful response required all of the following: resolution or improvement in all clinical signs and symptoms of infection, blood cultures negative for Candida, infected deep tissue sites negative for Candidaor resolution of all local signs of infection, and no systemic antifungal therapy other than study drug. The primary analysis, which counted DRC-assessed successes at the fixed time point (12 weeks after End of Therapy [EOT]), demonstrated that voriconazole was comparable to the regimen of amphotericin B followed by fluconazole (response rates of 41% and 41%, respectively) in the treatment of candidemia. Patients who did not have a 12-week assessment for any reason were considered a treatment failure.

The overall clinical and mycological success rates by Candidaspecies in Study 150–608 are presented in Table 15.

Table 15: Overall Success Rates Sustained From EOT To The Fixed 12-Week Follow-Up Time Point By Baseline Pathogen *,†

Baseline Pathogen

Clinical and Mycological Success (%)

Voriconazole

Amphotericin B --> Fluconazole

  • A few patients had more than one pathogen at baseline. †

    Patients who did not have a 12-week assessment for any reason were considered a treatment failure.

C. albicans

46/107 (43%)

30/63 (48%)

C. tropicalis

17/53 (32%)

1/16 (6%)

C. parapsilosis

24/45 (53%)

10/19 (53%)

C. glabrata

12/36 (33%)

7/21 (33%)

C. krusei

1/4

0/1

In a secondary analysis, which counted DRC-assessed successes at any time point (EOT, or 2, 6, or 12 weeks after EOT), the response rates were 65% for voriconazole and 71% for the regimen of amphotericin B followed by fluconazole.

In Studies 608 and 309/604 (non-comparative study in patients with invasive fungal infections who were refractory to, or intolerant of, other antifungal agents), voriconazole was evaluated in 35 patients with deep tissue Candidainfections. A favorable response was seen in 4 of 7 patients with intra-abdominal infections, 5 of 6 patients with kidney and bladder wall infections, 3 of 3 patients with deep tissue abscess or wound infection, 1 of 2 patients with pneumonia/pleural space infections, 2 of 4 patients with skin lesions, 1 of 1 patients with mixed intra-abdominal and pulmonary infection, 1 of 2 patients with suppurative phlebitis, 1 of 3 patients with hepatosplenic infection, 1 of 5 patients with osteomyelitis, 0 of 1 with liver infection, and 0 of 1 with cervical lymph node infection.

14.3 Esophageal Candidiasis (EC)

The efficacy of oral voriconazole 200 mg twice daily compared to oral fluconazole 200 mg once daily in the primary treatment of EC was demonstrated in Study 150–305, a double-blind, double-dummy study in immunocompromised patients with endoscopically-proven EC. Patients were treated for a median of 15 days (range 1 to 49 days). Outcome was assessed by repeat endoscopy at end of treatment (EOT). A successful response was defined as a normal endoscopy at EOT or at least a 1 grade improvement over baseline endoscopic score. For patients in the Intent-to-Treat (ITT) population with only a baseline endoscopy, a successful response was defined as symptomatic cure or improvement at EOT compared to baseline. Voriconazole and fluconazole (200 mg once daily) showed comparable efficacy rates against EC, as presented in Table 16.

Table 16: Success Rates in Patients Treated for Esophageal Candidiasis

Population

Voriconazole

Fluconazole

Difference %
(95% CI) *

  • Confidence Interval for the difference (Voriconazole – Fluconazole) in success rates. †

    PP (Per Protocol) patients had confirmation of Candida esophagitis by endoscopy, received at least 12 days of treatment, and had a repeat endoscopy at EOT (end of treatment). ‡

    ITT (Intent to Treat) patients without endoscopy or clinical assessment at EOT were treated as failures.

PP †

113/115 (98.2%)

134/141 (95.0%)

3.2 (-1.1, 7.5)

ITT ‡

175/200 (87.5%)

171/191 (89.5%)

-2.0 (-8.3, 4.3)

Microbiologic success rates by Candidaspecies are presented in Table 17.

Table 17: Clinical and Mycological Outcome by Baseline Pathogen in Patients with Esophageal Candidiasis (Study-150–305)

Pathogen *

Voriconazole

Fluconazole

Favorable endoscopic response †

Mycological eradication †

Favorable endoscopic response †

Mycological eradication †

Success/Total (%)

Eradication/Total (%)

Success/Total (%)

Eradication/Total (%)

  • Some patients had more than one species isolated at baseline. †

    Patients with endoscopic and/or mycological assessment at end of therapy.

C. albicans

134/140 (96%)

90/107 (84%)

147/156 (94%)

91/115 (79%)

C. glabrata

8/8 (100%)

4/7 (57%)

4/4 (100%)

1/4 (25%)

C. krusei

1/1

1/1

2/2 (100%)

0/0

14.4 Other Serious Fungal Pathogens

In pooled analyses of patients, voriconazole was shown to be effective against the following additional fungal pathogens:

Scedosporium apiospermum- Successful response to voriconazole therapy was seen in 15 of 24 patients (63%). Three of these patients relapsed within 4 weeks, including 1 patient with pulmonary, skin and eye infections, 1 patient with cerebral disease, and 1 patient with skin infection. Ten patients had evidence of cerebral disease and 6 of these had a successful outcome (1 relapse). In addition, a successful response was seen in 1 of 3 patients with mixed organism infections.

Fusariumspp. - Nine of 21 (43%) patients were successfully treated with voriconazole. Of these 9 patients, 3 had eye infections, 1 had an eye and blood infection, 1 had a skin infection, 1 had a blood infection alone, 2 had sinus infections, and 1 had disseminated infection (pulmonary, skin, hepatosplenic). Three of these patients (1 with disseminated disease, 1 with an eye infection and 1 with a blood infection) had Fusarium solaniand were complete successes. Two of these patients relapsed, 1 with a sinus infection and profound neutropenia and 1 post surgical patient with blood and eye infections.

14.5 Pediatric Studies

A total of 22 patients aged 12 to 18 years with IA were included in the adult therapeutic studies. Twelve out of 22 (55%) patients had successful response after treatment with a maintenance dose of voriconazole 4 mg/kg every 12 hours.

Fifty-three pediatric patients aged 2 to less than 18 years old were treated with voriconazole in two prospective, open-label, non-comparative, multicenter clinical studies.

One study was designed to enroll pediatric patients with IA or infections with rare molds (such as Scedosporiumor Fusarium). Patients aged 2 to less than 12 years and 12 to 14 years with body weight less than 50 kg received an intravenous Voriconazole loading dose of 9 mg/kg every 12 hours for the first 24-hours followed by an 8 mg/kg intravenous maintenance dose every 12 hours. After completing 7 days of intravenous therapy patients had an option to switch to oral Voriconazole. The oral maintenance dose was 9 mg/kg every 12 hours (maximum dose of 350 mg). All other pediatric patients aged 12 to less than 18 years received the adult Voriconazole dosage regimen. Patients received Voriconazole for at least 6 weeks and up to a maximum of 12 weeks.

The study enrolled 31 patients with possible, proven, or probable IA. Fourteen of 31 patients, 5 of whom were 2 to less than 12 years old and 9 of whom were 12 to less than 18 years old, had proven or probable IA and were included in the modified intent-to-treat (MITT) efficacy analyses. No patients with rare mold were enrolled. A successful global response was defined as resolution or improvement in clinical signs and symptoms and at least 50% resolution of radiological lesions attributed to IA. The overall rate of successful global response at 6 weeks in the MITT population is presented in Table 18 below.

Table 18: Global Response *in Patients with Invasive Aspergillosis, Modified Intent-to-Treat (MITT) †Population

Parameter

Global Response at Week 6

Ages 2–<12 years
N=5

Ages 12–<18 years
N=9

Overall
N=14

  • Global response rate was defined as the number of subjects with a successful response (complete or partial) as a percentage of all subjects (including subjects with an indeterminate or missing response) at 6 weeks in the MITT population. †

    The Modified Intent-to-Treat (MITT) population was defined as all subjects who received at least 1 dose of study drug and who were diagnosed with proven or probable IA as defined by the modified EORTC/MSG criteria.

Number of successes, n (%)

2 (40%)

7 (78%)

9 (64%)

The second study enrolled 22 patients with invasive candidiasis including candidemia (ICC) and EC requiring either primary or salvage therapy. Patients with ICC aged 2 to less than 12 years and 12 to 14 years with body weight less than 50 kg received an intravenous Voriconazole loading dose of 9 mg/kg every 12 hours for the first 24 hours followed by an 8 mg/kg intravenous maintenance dose every 12-hours. After completing 5 days of intravenous therapy patients had an option to switch to oral Voriconazole. The oral maintenance dose was 9 mg/kg every 12 hours (maximum dose of 350 mg). All other pediatric patients aged 12 to less than 18 years received the adult Voriconazole dosage regimen. Voriconazole was administered for at least 14 days after the last positive culture. A maximum of 42 days of treatment was permitted.

Patients with primary or salvage EC aged 2 to less than 12 years and 12 to 14 years with body weight less than 50 kg received an intravenous Voriconazole dose of 4 mg/kg every 12 hours followed by an oral Voriconazole dose of 9 mg/kg every 12 hours (maximum dose of 350 mg) when criteria for oral switch were met. All other pediatric patients aged 12 to less than 18 years received the adult Voriconazole dosage regimen. Voriconazole was administered for at least 7 days after the resolution of clinical signs and symptoms. A maximum of 42 days of treatment was permitted.

For EC, study treatment was initiated without a loading dose of intravenous voriconazole. Seventeen of these patients had confirmed Candidainfection and were included in the MITT efficacy analyses. Of the 17 patients included in the MITT analyses, 9 were 2 to less than 12 years old (7 with ICC and 2 with EC) and 8 were 12 to less than18 years old (all with EC). For ICC and EC, a successful global response was defined as clinical cure or improvement with microbiological eradication or presumed eradication. The overall rate of successful global response at EOT in the MITT population is presented in Table 19 below.

Table 19: Global Response *at the End of Treatment in the Treatment of Invasive Candidiasis with Candidemia and Esophageal Candidiasis Modified Intent-to-Treat (MITT) Population †

Parameter

Global Response at End of Treatment

EC
N=10

ICC ‡
N=7

Ages 2–<12
N=2

Ages 12–<18
N=8

Overall
N=10

Overall
N=7

  • Global response was determined based on the investigator's assessment of clinical and microbiological response in the Modified Intent-to-Treat (MITT) analysis population at end of treatment. Subjects with missing data or whose response was deemed indeterminate were considered failures. †

    The MITT population was defined as all subjects who received at least 1 dose of study drug and who had microbiologically confirmed invasive candidiasis with candidemia (ICC) and EC, or subjects with EC who had at least confirmation of oropharyngeal candidiasis without confirmation on esophagoscopy. ‡

    All subjects with ICC were aged 2 to less than 12.

Number of successes, n (%)

2 (100%)

5 (63%)

7 (70%)

6 (86%)

HOW SUPPLIED SECTION

LOINC: 34069-5Updated: 6/20/2022

16 HOW SUPPLIED/STORAGE AND HANDLING

16.1 How Supplied

Powder for Oral Suspension

Voriconazolefor Oral Suspension is supplied in 100 mL high density polyethylene (HDPE) bottles. Each bottle contains 45 grams of powder for oral suspension, which contain 3 g of voriconazole. Following reconstitution, the volume of the suspension is 75 mL, providing a usable volume of 70 mL. Each mL of the oral suspension contains 40 mg of voriconazole (200 mg of voriconazole per 5 mL). A 5 mL oral dispenser and a press-in bottle adaptor are also provided.

(NDC 14335-220-01)

16.2 Storage

Voriconazole Powder for Oral Suspension should be stored at 2°C to 8°C (36°F to 46° F) (in a refrigerator) before reconstitution. The shelf-life of the powder for oral suspension is 24 months.

The reconstituted suspension should be stored at 15°C to 30°C (59°F to 86°F) [see USP Controlled Room Temperature]. Do not refrigerate or freeze. Keep the container tightly closed. The shelf-life of the reconstituted suspension is 14 days. Any remaining suspension should be discarded 14 days after reconstitution.

INFORMATION FOR PATIENTS SECTION

LOINC: 34076-0Updated: 10/31/2022

17 PATIENT COUNSELING INFORMATION

Advise the patient to read the FDA-approved patient labeling (Patient Information).

Visual Disturbances

Patients should be instructed that visual disturbances such as blurring and sensitivity to light may occur with the use of Voriconazole.

Photosensitivity

  • Advise patients of the risk of photosensitivity (with or without concomitant methotrexate), accelerated photoaging, and skin cancer.
  • Advise patients that Voriconazole can cause serious photosensitivity and to immediately contact their healthcare provider for new or worsening skin rash.
  • Advise patients to avoid exposure to direct sun light and to use measures such as protective clothing and sunscreen with high sun protection factor (SPF).

Embryo-Fetal Toxicity

  • Advise female patients of the potential risks to a fetus.
  • Advise females of reproductive potential to use effective contraception during treatment with Voriconazole.

This product's labeling may have been updated. For the most recent prescribing information, please visit www.hnpoly.com or call 1-800-571-8369.

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VORICONAZOLE - FDA Drug Approval Details