Doxepin
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Doxepin is a psychotropic agent used for the treatment of depression, anxiety, manic-depressive disorder, and insomnia.
Doxepin is a psychotropic agent used for the treatment of depression, anxiety, manic-depressive disorder, and insomnia.
Doxepin exact mechanism of action is not very clear. However, doxepin is known to be a selective histamine H1 receptor blocker. This effect on histamine receptors indicates effectiveness in skin conditions. Breaking its function according to the different effect, doxepin's antidepressive action is primarily associated with the inhibition of the central nervous system biogenic amine reuptake; more specifically, norepinephrine and serotonin at synaptic nerve terminals. This effect increases the level of monoamines in the synaptic site which in order increases the activity at the post-synaptic neuron receptor sites. It has been suggested that doxepin also desensitizes both serotonin 1A receptors and beta-adrenergic receptors. It is known that the lack of dopamine transporters in the frontal cortex and the transmission of dopamine in this region is largely inactivated by the effect of norepinephrine reuptake. Hence, doxepin action on the frontal cortex is suggested to increase dopamine neurotransmission in this area.
Oral doxepin is approved for the following indications: Topical doxepin is also approved for short-term (up to 8 days) management of moderate pruritus in adult patients with atopic dermatitis, pruritus or lichen simplex chronicus. Off-label, doxepin is used topically for the management of neuropathic pain. Depression is a common medical illness that causes feelings of sadness and or loss of interest in prior enjoyable activities. This condition can lead to emotional and physical disturbances that can decrease the ability of a person to function in a regular environment. Anxiety is a normal reaction of the body towards a normal danger. When the anxious state is exacerbated or appears on situations without danger, it is defined as an anxiety disorder. This disorders can appear in different forms such as phobias, panic, obsessive-compulsive disorder and post-traumatic stress disorder. Insomnia is a sleep disorder that directly affects the quality of life of the individual. It is characterized by the complication either to fall asleep or to stay asleep. This condition can be occasional or chronic. Pruritus is defined as an unpleasant skin reaction that provokes the urge to scratch. It can be localized or generalized and it can appear in an acute or chronic manner. Neuropathic pain occurs due to the damage or dysfunction of the peripheral or central nervous system rather than stimulation of the pain receptors.
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