Oxaliplatin

Generic Name
Oxaliplatin
Brand Names
-
Drug Type
Small Molecule
Chemical Formula
C8H14N2O4Pt
CAS Number
61825-94-3
Unique Ingredient Identifier
04ZR38536J
Background

Oxaliplatin is a platinum-based chemotherapy drug in the same family as cisplatin and carboplatin. Compared to cisplatin the two amine groups are replaced by diamino cyclohexane (DACH) group to provide a greater antitumor effect. However, this leads to poorer water solubility, which was compensated by the addition of the chloride moieties. Due to this chemical moiety, oxaliplatin readily undergoes non-enzymatic biotransformation, thus complicating oxaliplatin's pharmacokinetics. Like most platinum-based compounds, oxaliplatin's mechanism of action is primarily through DNA damage through DNA crosslinking, particularly intrastrand and interstrand crosslinking. However, due to the structure of oxaliplatin, its adducts make the binding of mismatch repair protein to DNA harder compared to cisplatin or carboplatin's adducts, resulting in greater cytotoxic effects. The DACH moiety also prevents cross-resistance with cisplatin and carboplatin.

Although oxaliplatin has been investigated as a monotherapy, it is typically administered in combination with fluorouracil and leucovorin, known as the FOLFOX regimen, for the treatment of colorectal cancer. This is an effective combination treatment both as a first-line treatment and in patients refractory to an initial fluorouracil and leucovorin combination. Ongoing trials have also shown promising results for oxaliplatin use in nonHodgkin’s lymphoma, breast cancer, mesothelioma, and non-small cell lung cancer.

Oxaliplatin was approved by the FDA on January 9, 2004 and is currently marketed by Sanofi-Aventis under the trademark Eloxatin®.

Indication

Oxaliplatin, in combination with infusional fluorouracil and leucovorin, is indicated for the treatment of advanced colorectal cancer and adjuvant treatment of stage III colon cancer in patients who have undergone complete resection of the primary tumor.

Associated Conditions
Advanced Colorectal Cancer, Stage III Colon Cancer
Associated Therapies
-

Title XELOX FOR SALIVARY GLAND CANCERS

Phase 2
Terminated
Conditions
Interventions
First Posted Date
2005-01-10
Last Posted Date
2017-02-27
Lead Sponsor
Dana-Farber Cancer Institute
Target Recruit Count
9
Registration Number
NCT00101075
Locations
🇺🇸

Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, Massachusetts, United States

Bortezomib, Fluorouracil, Leucovorin, and Oxaliplatin in Treating Patients With Advanced or Metastatic Colorectal Cancer

Phase 1
Completed
Conditions
First Posted Date
2004-12-09
Last Posted Date
2013-06-12
Lead Sponsor
European Organisation for Research and Treatment of Cancer - EORTC
Target Recruit Count
16
Registration Number
NCT00098982
Locations
🇨🇭

Centre Hospitalier Universitaire Vaudois, Lausanne, Switzerland

🇬🇧

Leeds Cancer Centre at St. James's University Hospital, Leeds, England, United Kingdom

🇮🇹

Istituto Nazionale per lo Studio e la Cura dei Tumori, Naples, Italy

Bevacizumab and Oxaliplatin Combined With Irinotecan or Leucovorin and Fluorouracil in Treating Patients With Metastatic or Recurrent Colorectal Cancer

First Posted Date
2004-12-09
Last Posted Date
2023-07-05
Lead Sponsor
Eastern Cooperative Oncology Group
Target Recruit Count
247
Registration Number
NCT00098787
Locations
🇺🇸

Winship Cancer Institute of Emory University, Atlanta, Georgia, United States

🇺🇸

St. Mary - Corwin Regional Medical Center, Pueblo, Colorado, United States

🇺🇸

Humphrey Cancer Center at North Memorial Outpatient Center, Robbinsdale, Minnesota, United States

and more 107 locations

Radiotherapy Combined With Oxaliplatin and Fluorouracil Followed By Gemcitabine in Treating Patients With Locally Advanced, Unresectable Pancreatic Cancer

First Posted Date
2004-11-09
Last Posted Date
2013-07-16
Lead Sponsor
National Cancer Institute (NCI)
Target Recruit Count
50
Registration Number
NCT00096070
Locations
🇺🇸

North Central Cancer Treatment Group, Rochester, Minnesota, United States

Oxaliplatin, Gefitinib, and Radiation Therapy in Treating Patients With Locally Advanced or Metastatic Esophageal Cancer

Phase 1
Terminated
Conditions
First Posted Date
2004-10-08
Last Posted Date
2015-10-06
Lead Sponsor
Roswell Park Cancer Institute
Registration Number
NCT00093652
Locations
🇺🇸

Roswell Park Cancer Institute, Buffalo, New York, United States

Capecitabine, Oxaliplatin, and Radiation Therapy in Treating Patients With Stage II or Stage III Anal Cancer

First Posted Date
2004-10-08
Last Posted Date
2023-04-18
Lead Sponsor
M.D. Anderson Cancer Center
Target Recruit Count
20
Registration Number
NCT00093379
Locations
🇺🇸

M. D. Anderson Cancer Center at University of Texas, Houston, Texas, United States

Combination Chemotherapy in Treating Patients With Recurrent Metastatic Colorectal Cancer

Phase 3
Conditions
First Posted Date
2004-08-25
Last Posted Date
2009-01-13
Lead Sponsor
GERCOR - Multidisciplinary Oncology Cooperative Group
Target Recruit Count
109
Registration Number
NCT00003260
Locations
🇫🇷

Hopital Saint Antoine, Paris, France

© Copyright 2024. All Rights Reserved by MedPath