Pioglitazone

Generic Name
Pioglitazone
Brand Names
Actoplus Met, Actos, Duetact, Incresync, Oseni, Tandemact, Pioglitazone Accord, Pioglitazone Actavis
Drug Type
Small Molecule
Chemical Formula
C19H20N2O3S
CAS Number
111025-46-8
Unique Ingredient Identifier
X4OV71U42S
Background

Pioglitazone is an antihyperglycemic used as an adjunct to diet, exercise, and other antidiabetic medications to manage type 2 diabetes mellitus. It is administered as a racemic mixture, though there is no pharmacologic difference between the enantiomers and they appear to interconvert in vivo with little consequence. The thiazolidinedione class of medications, which also includes rosiglitazone and troglitazone, exerts its pharmacological effect primarily by promoting insulin sensitivity and the improved uptake of blood glucose via agonism at the peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor-gamma (PPARγ). PPARs are ligand-activated transcription factors that are involved in the expression of more than 100 genes and affect numerous metabolic processes, most notably lipid and glucose homeostasis.

Thiazolidinediones, including pioglitazone, have fallen out of favor in recent years due to the presence of multiple adverse effects and warnings regarding their use (e.g. congestive heart failure, bladder cancer) and the availability of safer and more effective alternatives for patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus.

Indication

Pioglitazone is indicated as an adjunct to diet and exercise to improve glycemic control in adults with type 2 diabetes mellitus. It is also available in combination with metformin, glimepiride, or alogliptin for the same indication.

Associated Conditions
Diabetes, Diabetic Neuropathies, Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus
Associated Therapies
-

Cohort Study of Pioglitazone and Bladder Cancer in Patients With Type II Diabetes

Completed
Conditions
Interventions
First Posted Date
2012-07-11
Last Posted Date
2018-03-07
Lead Sponsor
Takeda
Target Recruit Count
193099
Registration Number
NCT01637935

Role of Proinflammatory Signaling in Alcohol Craving

First Posted Date
2012-06-29
Last Posted Date
2017-03-09
Lead Sponsor
National Institute on Alcohol Abuse and Alcoholism (NIAAA)
Target Recruit Count
16
Registration Number
NCT01631630
Locations
🇺🇸

National Institutes of Health Clinical Center, 9000 Rockville Pike, Bethesda, Maryland, United States

Metabolic Abnormalities in HIV-infected Persons

First Posted Date
2012-06-06
Last Posted Date
2016-06-20
Lead Sponsor
Tufts Medical Center
Target Recruit Count
20
Registration Number
NCT01612858
Locations
🇺🇸

Tufts Medical Center, Boston, Massachusetts, United States

Comparison of Metformin and Pioglitazone Effects on Adipokines Concentrations in Newly Diagnosed Type 2 Diabetes Patients

Not Applicable
Completed
Conditions
Interventions
First Posted Date
2012-05-08
Last Posted Date
2012-05-09
Lead Sponsor
Tehran University of Medical Sciences
Target Recruit Count
98
Registration Number
NCT01593371
Locations
🇮🇷

Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran, Islamic Republic of

Myocardial Dysfunction in Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus (T2DM)

Phase 4
Completed
Conditions
Interventions
First Posted Date
2012-05-01
Last Posted Date
2017-12-06
Lead Sponsor
The University of Texas Health Science Center at San Antonio
Target Recruit Count
130
Registration Number
NCT01588470

Phielix et al.: Hepatic Fat Content and Adipokines

Not Applicable
Completed
Conditions
Interventions
First Posted Date
2012-04-04
Last Posted Date
2012-04-04
Lead Sponsor
German Diabetes Center
Target Recruit Count
24
Registration Number
NCT01570660
Locations
🇦🇹

Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria

Pioglitazone in Patients With Mood Disorders

First Posted Date
2012-03-21
Last Posted Date
2017-05-10
Lead Sponsor
Stanford University
Target Recruit Count
37
Registration Number
NCT01559857
Locations
🇺🇸

Stanford University Department of Psychiatry & Behavioral Sciences, Palo Alto, California, United States

Pioglitazone to Treat Opioid Withdrawal Symptoms

Phase 1
Terminated
Conditions
Interventions
First Posted Date
2012-01-25
Last Posted Date
2018-07-05
Lead Sponsor
National Institute on Drug Abuse (NIDA)
Target Recruit Count
24
Registration Number
NCT01517165
Locations
🇺🇸

National Institute on Drug Abuse, Baltimore, Maryland, United States

Effects of Pioglitazone in Hypertensive Patients

Phase 4
Completed
Conditions
Interventions
First Posted Date
2011-11-16
Last Posted Date
2012-06-05
Lead Sponsor
Tottori University Hospital
Target Recruit Count
16
Registration Number
NCT01472497
Locations
🇯🇵

Tottori University Hospital, Yonago, Japan

Study to Assess the Effects of Daily Administration of Pioglitazone on Brain Hemodynamics in Healthy Elderly Participants

Phase 1
Completed
Conditions
Interventions
First Posted Date
2011-10-20
Last Posted Date
2012-08-08
Lead Sponsor
Takeda
Target Recruit Count
61
Registration Number
NCT01456117
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