Dexamethasone, or MK-125, is a corticosteroid fluorinated at position 9 used to treat endocrine, rheumatic, collagen, dermatologic, allergic, ophthalmic, gastrointestinal, respiratory, hematologic, neoplastic, edematous, and other conditions. Developed in 1957, it is structurally similar to other corticosteroids like hydrocortisone and prednisolone.
Dexamethasone was granted FDA approval on 30 October 1958. In a press release for the Randomized Evaluation of COVID-19 Therapy (RECOVERY) trial on 16 June 2020, dexamethasone was recommended for use in COVID-19 patients with severe respiratory symptoms. Dexamethasone reduced deaths by approximately one third in patients requiring ventilation and by one fifth in those requiring oxygen.
Dexamethasone and ciprofloxacin otic suspension is indicated for bacterial infections with inflammation in acute otitis media and acute otitis externa. Intramuscular and intravenous injections are indicated for a number of endocrine, rheumatic, collagen, dermatologic, allergic, ophthalmic, gastrointestinal, respiratory, hematologic, neoplastic, edematous, and other conditions. Oral tablets are indicated for the treatment of multiple myeloma. An intravitreal implant is indicated for some forms of macular edema and non-infectious posterior uveitis affecting the posterior of the eye. Various ophthalmic formulations are indicated for inflammatory conditions of the eye.
Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center/University of Washington Cancer Consortium, Seattle, Washington, United States
Roswell Park Cancer Institute, Buffalo, New York, United States
Department of anaesthesiology; Hoersholm Sygehus, Hoersholm, Frederiksborg Amt, Denmark
OHSU Knight Cancer Institute, Portland, Oregon, United States
Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, California, United States
Norris Cotton Cancer Center, Lebanon, New Hampshire, United States
Cooper Cancer Institute, Voorhees, New Jersey, United States
Department of Emergency Medicine, Western Health, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
Morton Plant Hospital, Clearwater, Florida, United States
Fawcett Memorial Hospital, Port Charlotte, Florida, United States
Watson Clinic, Lakeland, Florida, United States
Groupe D´Etudes des Lymphomes De l´Adulte (GELA), Paris, France
German Low Grade Study Group (Glsg), Munich, Germany
The Maria Sklodowska Memorial, Cancer Center - Inst. of Oncology, Warszawa, Poland
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