Dexamethasone
- Generic Name
- Dexamethasone
- Brand Names
- Baycadron, Ciprodex, Decadron, Dexamethasone Intensol, Dextenza, Dioptrol, Hexadrol, Hidex 6-day Taper, Maxidex, Maxitrol, Neofordex, Ozurdex, Taperdex 12 Day Taper, Taperdex 6 Day Taper, Taperdex 7-day Taper, Tobradex, Zcort 7 Day Taper
- Drug Type
- Small Molecule
- Chemical Formula
- C22H29FO5
- CAS Number
- 50-02-2
- Unique Ingredient Identifier
- 7S5I7G3JQL
- Background
Dexamethasone, or MK-125, is a corticosteroid fluorinated at position 9 used to treat endocrine, rheumatic, collagen, dermatologic, allergic, ophthalmic, gastrointestinal, respiratory, hematologic, neoplastic, edematous, and other conditions. Developed in 1957, it is structurally similar to other corticosteroids like hydrocortisone and prednisolone.
Dexamethasone was granted FDA approval on 30 October 1958. In a press release for the Randomized Evaluation of COVID-19 Therapy (RECOVERY) trial on 16 June 2020, dexamethasone was recommended for use in COVID-19 patients with severe respiratory symptoms. Dexamethasone reduced deaths by approximately one third in patients requiring ventilation and by one fifth in those requiring oxygen.
- Indication
Dexamethasone and ciprofloxacin otic suspension is indicated for bacterial infections with inflammation in acute otitis media and acute otitis externa. Intramuscular and intravenous injections are indicated for a number of endocrine, rheumatic, collagen, dermatologic, allergic, ophthalmic, gastrointestinal, respiratory, hematologic, neoplastic, edematous, and other conditions. Oral tablets are indicated for the treatment of multiple myeloma. An intravitreal implant is indicated for some forms of macular edema and non-infectious posterior uveitis affecting the posterior of the eye. Various ophthalmic formulations are indicated for inflammatory conditions of the eye.
- Associated Conditions
- Acute Gouty Arthritis, Acute Leukemia, Acute Otitis Externa, Acute Otitis Media (AOM), Adrenocortical Hyperfunction, Adrenocortical Insufficiency, Allergic Conjunctivitis (AC), Alopecia Areata (AA), Ankylosing Spondylitis (AS), Aspiration Pneumonitis, Asthma, Atopic Dermatitis, Berylliosis, Bullous dermatitis herpetiformis, Bursitis, Chorioretinitis, Choroiditis, Congenital Adrenal Hyperplasia (CAH), Congenital Hypoplastic Anemia, Conjunctivitis, Contact Dermatitis, Cushing's Syndrome, Dermatitis, Diabetic Macular Edema (DME), Discoid Lupus Erythematosus (DLE), Drug hypersensitivity reaction, Edema of the cerebrum, Epicondylitis, Episcleritis, Erythroblastopenia, Eye Infections, Eye allergy, Glaucoma, Hypercalcemia, Immune Thrombocytopenia (ITP), Infection, Inflammation, Inflammation of the External Auditory Canal, Intraocular Inflammation, Iridocyclitis, Iritis, Keloids Scars, Keratitis, Lichen Planus (LP), Lichen simplex chronicus, Loeffler's syndrome, Lymphoma, Macular Edema, Meningitis caused by Mycobacterium Tuberculosis, Middle ear inflammation, Mucosal Inflammation of the eye, Multiple Myeloma (MM), Muscle Inflammation caused by Cataract Surgery of the eye, Mycosis Fungoides (MF), Necrobiosis lipoidica diabeticorum, Non-infectious Posterior Uveitis, Ocular Infections, Irritations and Inflammations, Ocular Inflammation, Ocular Inflammation and Pain, Ocular Irritation, Ocular Itching, Ophthalmia, Sympathetic, Optic Neuritis, Otitis Externa, Pemphigus, Perennial Allergic Rhinitis (PAR), Phlyctenular keratoconjunctivitis, Postoperative Infections of the eyes caused by susceptible bacteria, Posttraumatic Osteoarthritis, Regional Enteritis, Rheumatoid Arthritis, Rheumatoid Arthritis, Juvenile, Rosacea, Sarcoidosis, Scleritis, Seasonal Allergic Rhinitis, Secondary thrombocytopenia, Serum Sickness, Severe Seborrheic Dermatitis, Stevens-Johnson Syndrome, Synovitis, Systemic Lupus Erythematosus, Tenosynovitis, Trichinosis, Tuberculosis (TB), Ulcerative Colitis, Uveitis, Vernal Keratoconjunctivitis, Acquired immune hemolytic anemia, Acute rheumatic carditis, Anterior eye segment inflammation, Corticosteroid-responsive dermatoses, Ear infection-not otherwise specified caused by susceptible bacteria, Exfoliative erythroderma, Granuloma annulare lesions, Non-suppurative Thyroiditis, Ocular bacterial infections, Severe Psoriasis, Steroid-responsive inflammation of the eye, Swelling of the eyes, Varicella-zoster virus acute retinal necrosis, Watery itchy eyes
- Associated Therapies
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The Use of Chemotherapy Plus Radiotherapy Plus Azidothymidine in Patients With AIDS-Related Lymph Node Cancer
- Conditions
- Lymphoma, Non-HodgkinHIV Infections
- First Posted Date
- 2001-08-31
- Last Posted Date
- 2021-10-28
- Target Recruit Count
- 45
- Registration Number
- NCT00000723
- Locations
- 🇺🇸
Tulane Med. Ctr. - Charity Hosp. of New Orleans, ACTU, New Orleans, Louisiana, United States
Dexamethasone in Cryptococcal Meningitis
- Conditions
- Meningitis, CryptococcalHIV Infections
- First Posted Date
- 2001-08-31
- Last Posted Date
- 2021-10-28
- Target Recruit Count
- 36
- Registration Number
- NCT00000776
- Locations
- 🇺🇸
Northwestern Univ Med School, Chicago, Illinois, United States
🇺🇸Cook County Hosp, Chicago, Illinois, United States
🇺🇸Univ of Miami School of Medicine, Miami, Florida, United States
A Phase III Randomized Trial of Low-Dose Versus Standard-Dose mBACOD Chemotherapy With rGM-CSF for Treatment of AIDS-Associated Non-Hodgkin's Lymphoma
- Conditions
- HIV InfectionsLymphoma, Non-Hodgkin
- First Posted Date
- 2001-08-31
- Last Posted Date
- 2021-11-03
- Target Recruit Count
- 250
- Registration Number
- NCT00000658
- Locations
- 🇺🇸
UCLA CARE Center CRS, Los Angeles, California, United States
🇺🇸USC CRS, Los Angeles, California, United States
🇺🇸Ucsf Aids Crs, San Francisco, California, United States
Phase II Trial of Sequential Chemotherapy and Radiotherapy for AIDS-Related Primary Central Nervous System Lymphoma
- Conditions
- Lymphoma, Non-HodgkinHIV Infections
- First Posted Date
- 2001-08-31
- Last Posted Date
- 2012-11-01
- Target Recruit Count
- 33
- Registration Number
- NCT00000801
- Locations
- 🇺🇸
Julio Arroyo, West Columbia, South Carolina, United States
🇺🇸San Francisco Gen Hosp, San Francisco, California, United States
🇺🇸San Francisco AIDS Clinic / San Francisco Gen Hosp, San Francisco, California, United States
Phase I Trial of mBACOD and Granulocyte-Macrophage Colony-Stimulating Factor (GM-CSF) in AIDS-Associated Large Cell, Immunoblastic, and Small Non-cleaved Lymphoma
- Conditions
- Lymphoma, Non-HodgkinHIV Infections
- First Posted Date
- 2001-08-31
- Last Posted Date
- 2021-11-02
- Target Recruit Count
- 18
- Registration Number
- NCT00000689
- Locations
- 🇺🇸
USC CRS, Los Angeles, California, United States
Minimal Breathing Support and Early Steroids to Prevent Chronic Lung Disease in Extremely Premature Infants (SAVE)
- Conditions
- Bronchopulmonary DysplasiaRespiratory Distress SyndromeInfant, NewbornInfant, Low Birth WeightInfant, Small for Gestational AgeInfant, Premature
- Interventions
- Procedure: Minimal mechanical ventilation managementProcedure: Routine mechanical ventilation managementDrug: PlaceboDrug: Dexamethasone
- First Posted Date
- 2000-06-02
- Last Posted Date
- 2015-06-08
- Lead Sponsor
- NICHD Neonatal Research Network
- Target Recruit Count
- 220
- Registration Number
- NCT00005777
- Locations
- 🇺🇸
Stanford University, Palo Alto, California, United States
🇺🇸Case Western Reserve University, Rainbow Babies and Children's Hospital, Cleveland, Ohio, United States
🇺🇸University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, Alabama, United States
Once-A-Month Steroid Treatment for Patients With Focal Segmental Glomerulosclerosis
- Conditions
- GlomerulonephritisNephrotic Syndrome
- First Posted Date
- 2000-03-20
- Last Posted Date
- 2008-03-04
- Lead Sponsor
- National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases (NIDDK)
- Target Recruit Count
- 20
- Registration Number
- NCT00004990
- Locations
- 🇺🇸
National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases (NIDDK), Bethesda, Maryland, United States
Phase III Randomized, Double-Blind Study of Dexamethasone Vs Dexamethasone/Methylprednisolone Vs Placebo for Bronchopulmonary Dysplasia
- Conditions
- Bronchopulmonary Dysplasia
- First Posted Date
- 2000-02-25
- Last Posted Date
- 2005-06-24
- Lead Sponsor
- National Center for Research Resources (NCRR)
- Target Recruit Count
- 54
- Registration Number
- NCT00004785
Phase III Randomized, Double-Blind, Placebo-Controlled Study of Antenatal Thyrotropin-Releasing Hormone in Pregnant Women With Threatened Premature Delivery
- Conditions
- Respiratory Distress Syndrome
- First Posted Date
- 2000-02-25
- Last Posted Date
- 2005-06-24
- Lead Sponsor
- National Center for Research Resources (NCRR)
- Target Recruit Count
- 1090
- Registration Number
- NCT00004778
G-CSF for Granulocyte Donation
- Conditions
- Healthy
- First Posted Date
- 1999-11-04
- Last Posted Date
- 2008-03-04
- Lead Sponsor
- National Institutes of Health Clinical Center (CC)
- Target Recruit Count
- 16
- Registration Number
- NCT00001842
- Locations
- 🇺🇸
Warren G. Magnuson Clinical Center (CC), Bethesda, Maryland, United States
Drug Development Updates
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