Dimethyl Sulfoxide
- Generic Name
- Dimethyl Sulfoxide
- Brand Names
- Rimso-50
- Drug Type
- Small Molecule
- Chemical Formula
- C2H6OS
- CAS Number
- 67-68-5
- Unique Ingredient Identifier
- YOW8V9698H
- Background
A highly polar organic liquid, that is used widely as a chemical solvent. Because of its ability to penetrate biological membranes, it is used as a vehicle for topical application of pharmaceuticals. It is also used to protect tissue during cryopreservation. Dimethyl sulfoxide shows a range of pharmacological activity including analgesia and anti-inflammation.
- Indication
⑴作透皮促进剂，常用于氢化可的松、地塞米松、氟轻松、睾酮、胰岛素、肝素、维生素类、水杨酸类等的制剂。5％以下无透皮作用，5％以上随浓度增加而作用增强，常用其30％～50％水溶液。目前仅供外用。 ⑵作溶剂和防冻剂，60％水溶液能降低冰点至-80℃。
- Associated Conditions
- Interstitial Cystitis
- Associated Therapies
- Extravasation of chemotherapy drugs
Beti-Cel Gene Therapy Shows Sustained Efficacy in Transfusion-Dependent β-Thalassemia
• Long-term data from clinical trials demonstrate that beti-cel gene therapy maintains durable transfusion independence in patients with transfusion-dependent β-thalassemia.
• The majority of patients treated with beti-cel achieved transfusion independence, with sustained normalization of liver iron content and serum ferritin levels.
• Real-world data corroborate clinical trial findings, confirming beti-cel's efficacy in eliminating transfusion dependence and showing a safety profile consistent with clinical trials.
• The gene therapy demonstrates improvements in both mental and physical health-related quality of life measures in treated patients over the long term.
Mathematical Model Identifies PARP Inhibitor Resistance Biomarkers in Triple-Negative Breast Cancer
• A novel mathematical model was developed to analyze tumor growth dynamics in triple-negative breast cancer (TNBC) patient-derived xenografts treated with olaparib.
• The model identifies the pre-treatment resistance fraction as a key predictor of response to olaparib, distinguishing complete responders, initial responders, and non-responders.
• Correlation analysis reveals potential biomarkers within the CIViC gene list, offering insights into mechanisms driving resistance to PARP inhibitors.
• The study highlights the utility of mathematical modeling in identifying predictive biomarkers and understanding complex drug response patterns in cancer.
FDA Approves Autolus' AUCATZYL (obecabtagene autoleucel) for Relapsed/Refractory B-cell ALL
• The FDA has approved AUCATZYL (obecabtagene autoleucel) for adult patients with relapsed or refractory B-cell acute lymphoblastic leukemia (r/r B-ALL).
• AUCATZYL demonstrated a 63% overall complete remission rate in efficacy-evaluable patients in the FELIX clinical trial, with a median remission duration of 14.1 months.
• This CAR T-cell therapy is the first approved without a Risk Evaluation Mitigation Strategy (REMS) program, offering a manageable safety profile for B-ALL patients.
• Manufactured at Autolus' Nucleus site in the UK, AUCATZYL will be commercially available in the U.S. through Cardinal Health, with ongoing regulatory reviews in the EU and UK.
Malignant Serous Effusions Offer Molecular Insights for Precision Oncology
• A prospective study analyzed malignant serous effusions (MSEs) from 184 patients to understand the molecular landscape and drug responses for precision oncology.
• The study integrated genomic, transcriptomic, and proteomic data from MSEs to identify potential therapeutic targets and predict drug sensitivities.
• Ex vivo drug screening (pharmacoscopy) was performed on MSE-derived cells to quantify cellular composition and drug responses, revealing personalized therapeutic strategies.
• Multi-omics factor analysis identified disease-specific factors and potential therapeutic targets, offering insights into patient-specific drug responses.
Vortioxetine Shows Promise in Glioblastoma Treatment by Targeting Tumor-Specific Vulnerabilities
• A high-throughput drug screening identified vortioxetine, a neuroactive drug, as a potential treatment for glioblastoma, demonstrating anti-cancer activity in patient-derived cells.
• Ex vivo drug testing revealed that vortioxetine selectively targets glioblastoma cells, reducing their viability while sparing other cell types, indicating a tumor-specific mechanism.
• Mechanistic studies showed vortioxetine modulates calcium signaling and downregulates key genes involved in glioblastoma proliferation and survival, such as BTG1 and BTG2.
• In vivo experiments in mice confirmed that vortioxetine can inhibit glioblastoma tumor growth, suggesting its potential as a novel therapeutic agent for this aggressive brain cancer.
Exploring Non-Opioid Options for Chronic Pain Management
• A review of studies highlights several non-opioid medications with potential benefits for chronic low back pain (CLBP), myofascial pain syndrome (MPS), and fibromyalgia (FM).
• For CLBP, NSAIDs, antidepressants (duloxetine), and muscle relaxants (carisoprodol, cyclobenzaprine, diazepam) have demonstrated efficacy compared to placebo in some studies.
• Pregabalin and duloxetine have shown superior pain relief compared to placebo for fibromyalgia, while lidocaine patches and BoNT-A injections may benefit myofascial pain syndrome.
• Several studies suggest that combination therapies, such as nortriptyline/gabapentin and morphine/gabapentin, may offer enhanced pain relief and reduced side effects compared to monotherapy.
Drug Development Updates
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