• The World Health Organization has declared mpox outbreak in Africa a Public Health Emergency of International Concern, prompting urgent calls for enhanced treatment accessibility and research efforts.
• Researchers are leveraging COVID-19 pandemic experiences, including adaptive trial designs, real-time data collection, and streamlined regulatory processes, to accelerate mpox vaccine development.
• While infrastructure and expertise from COVID-19 research could benefit mpox trials, challenges remain in financing, logistics, and healthcare access in affected African regions.