New Cancer Treatment Successes Identified in Phase 3 Trials
A comprehensive evaluation of phase 3 randomized controlled trials (RCTs) conducted by the NCI-funded COG program from 1955 to 2000 reveals that new cancer treatments were statistically superior in 24% of comparisons, with a 5% relative reduction in the death rate. The study highlights the importance of the ethical principle of equipoise in clinical research and suggests that the current system of RCTs in cancer is efficient within certain limits, with a consistent pattern of treatment successes over time.