Evaluation of prophylactic antibiotic usage in prevention of postoperative infection in patients undergoing percutaneous nephrolithotomy

Postoperative infections are a common complication following Percutaneous Nephrolithotomy (PCNL), even in patients with negative preoperative urine cultures. While prophylactic antibiotics are routinely used to prevent such infections, there is ongoing debate over the optimal regimen, particularly between single-dose and multi-dose protocols. This randomized controlled trial aims to compare the effectiveness of single-dose versus multi-dose prophylactic Amikacin in preventing postoperative infections in PCNL patients with sterile urine cultures. By focusing on this specific patient subgroup and incorporating robust randomization and blinding methods, the study seeks to generate evidence-based recommendations that enhance patient outcomes while supporting antibiotic stewardship. The results may contribute to standardizing prophylactic antibiotic protocols for PCNL procedures.