Comparative Study of the Role of Vitamin D Supplementation, Versus Sildenafil Citrate in Patients Diagnosed With Fetal Growth Restriction, Randomized Control Trial

Fetal or Intrauterine growth restriction, describes a pathological condition in which the fetus fails to grow to its biological potential, because of poor placental function , both American society of obstetrics and gynecology of and Royal college of obstetrics and gynecology have adopted the definition of Intrauterine growth restriction as estimated fetal weight is less than 10th percentile .

It is a multifaceted problem that increases the risk of hypoxemia, acidemia, preterm deaths, and maternal distress, and disposes the infant to a number of metabolic disorders, polycythemia, lung problems, intraventricular hemorrhage, cognitive dysfunction, and cerebral palsy, which occur in both term and preterm infants .

Vitamin D deficiency is highly prevalent among pregnant women, not only vitamin D deficiency during pregnancy causes maternal and fetal side effects, it also increases the risk of preeclampsia, gestational diabetes, preterm birth, and birth of a child younger than small for gestational age, inadequate fetal immune system, wheezing and eczema, and risk of respiratory infections in the infants.

Vitamin D is a transcriptional regulator of endothelial NO synthase, effectively increasing the production of NO, the most potent vasodilator within the vasculature. previous Studies showed that the vitamin-D receptors play a critical role in maintaining vascular health, and this assumption was supported by data Showing reduced NO production.

It was suggested that vitamin D improves vascular function via reducing the production of NO-scavenging oxygen radicals and subsequently improving NO bioavailability and maintain vascular health.