Coronal Mode Ultrasound Guided Hemodialysis Cannulation: A Pilot Randomized Comparison With Standard Cannulation Technique

The standard cannulation protocol of the center was defined as using 17 gauge needles for the first 3 dialysis sessions, followed by 16 gauge for the next 3, and finally 15 gauge for subsequent sessions.

The study protocol involved similar up titration of needle size over a 3-week period, except that a pre-cannulation evaluation of the fistula was performed using the Sonic Window ultrasound device. The device was used to evaluate and identify the optimal site of cannulation (image 1). Depending upon the cannulator's preference, real-time guidance could be employed during cannulation (image 2, 3). The cannulations were performed by 4 selected personnel trained in device use and successfully completed a competency evaluation on simulator models and a mature dialysis fistula.