A Contemporary Look at Driver Training and Its Role in Reducing Crash Risk in Novice Adolescent Drivers
试验速览
- 阶段
- 不适用
- 状态
- 招募中
- 入组人数
- 1,300
- 试验地点
- 1
- 主要终点
- Hard Braking Events
研究概览
简要总结
This study will test the effectiveness of different types of driver training interventions for reducing young new driver crash risk early after licensure.
详细描述
Motor vehicle crashes remain high in young drivers, despite graduated driver licensing laws that put restrictions on driving and delay licensure. Typically, data trends show that crash risk is highest right after licensure, in the early months of independent driving. Additional studies of different driver training interventions have shown some evidence that it is possible to improve skills and reduce crashes early in licensure for young drivers. However, Pennsylvania and many other states have no professional training requirements for young drivers.
This study will test the effectiveness of different types of driver training programs for reducing young new driver crash risk early after licensure.
Up to 1,200 adolescent learner drivers in Pennsylvania will be recruited for this trial (to get up to 1,000 evaluable participants). Participants will be recruited through Primary Care Clinics at Children's Hospital of Philadelphia and from the surrounding community to take part in a study that will continue through the learner phase and for 6 months after licensure. Participants will give informed consent and be asked to complete some baseline surveys and cognitive tasks, and a virtual driving assessment in-person during a clinical or other visit. All will receive care-as-usual.
Participants will also be followed through the learner phase with a smartphone app that monitors driving trips and monthly surveys that can be completed at home. In the learner phase, participants will randomly receive one of three interventions. One group of participants will receive professional behind-the-wheel training with a local driving school instructor. Another group will receive a modern online driver training course. Another group will receive an online vehicle and driver safety education. Participants randomly assigned to the behind-the-wheel training group will be required to download and use an app to log and track their driving practice hours. Use of this app will be optional for participants randomly assigned to the other groups.
After the learner phase, participants will be given an online hazard skills test, online surveys, and second virtual driving assessment, and state license examination and will be followed for 6 months after licensure, with online surveys at 2, 4, and 6 months after licensure, and with continued driver trip monitoring through the smartphone app.
研究设计
- 研究类型
- Interventional
- 分配方式
- Randomized
- 干预模型
- Parallel
- 主要目的
- Prevention
- 盲法
- Double (Care Provider, Outcomes Assessor)
盲法说明
The research staff who are unblinded will deliver the electronic surveys and cognitive battery (which is automatically scored) at baseline before participants are randomly assigned to an arm. The primary outcome variables are automatically scored, thus blindly to intervention arm. The Virtual Driving Assessment is a self-guided tool and is automatically scored. The smartphone app automatically records hard braking events and other behaviors without knowledge of intervention arm. Licensing tests will be conducted by state-sanctioned licensing examiners who will be blinded to which arm the participant is in (per state mandate).
入排标准
- 年龄范围
- 16 Years 至 17 Years（Child）
- 性别
- All
- 接受健康志愿者
- 是
入选标准
- •Adolescents ages 16-17 years old who reside in Pennsylvania
- •Have an active Pennsylvania learner's permit
- •Have <30 hours of driving practice during permit phase
- •Have never taken an on-road licensing exam, in any state
- •Plan to get a license within the next 12 months in Pennsylvania
- •Plan to have access to a vehicle to drive after licensure
- •Have a personal cell phone and access to a smartphone/tablet/computer with internet access
- •Download and use the RoadReady app (only required for participants randomized to the behind-the-wheel training arm; optional for participants randomized to the online vehicle and driver safety and online driver skills training arms)
- •Are able to read/write in English
- •Provide informed consent/assent
- •Are not also taking part in another learner driver study
排除标准
- •Non-Pennsylvania resident
- •Participants who do not pass the license exam will not be able to complete the post-license monitoring until the license is obtained
- •Enrolled in another learner driver study
研究组 & 干预措施
Active Control: Online Vehicle and Driver Safety Education
Participants in this arm will receive care as usual, and also complete an online video training module on vehicle and driver safety, with a short quiz at the end to determine compliance. The training content will not teach driving skills, as in the other online driver training arm. It requires up to two hours to complete and can be done from any internet-connected computer (at home, at school, etc.).
干预措施: Online Vehicle and Driver Safety Education (Behavioral)
Online Driver Skills Training
Participants in the Online Driver Skills Training arm will complete an online driver skill training program known as Accelerated Curriculum to Create Effective Learning (ACCEL) for novice drivers. It requires up to two hours to complete and can be done from any internet-connected computer (at home, at school, etc.).
干预措施: Online Driver Skills Training (Behavioral)
Behind-the-Wheel Driver Training
Participants in the Behind-the-Wheel training arm will receive professional behind-the-wheel training course delivered in-person on the road by a local driving school instructor through our partnership with a local driving school Coastline Academy or licensed driver training schools subcontracted by Coastline Academy.
干预措施: Behind-the-Wheel Driver Training (Behavioral)
结局指标
主要结局
Hard Braking Events
时间窗: Measured over the 6 months post-licensure at the end of the study (about month 18-24), assessed at 2 and 6 months post-licensure, with primary outcome at 2 months post-licensure.
For Aim 1 and 3, the primary outcome is the number of hard braking events per 100 miles driven during the first 2 months post-licensure, as measured via the Way-to-Drive App.
Pass rate on the licensure exam
时间窗: Measured at the time of the license examination, post-intervention (in about month 8-18).
The primary outcome in Aim 2 and 3 will be the pass rate on the first licensure exam attempt.
次要结局
- Phone Use While Driving(Measured over the 6 months post-licensure at the end of the study (about month 18-24), assessed at 2 and 6 months post-licensure.)
- Speeding(Measured over the 6 months post-licensure at the end of the study (about month 18-24), assessed at 2 and 6 months post-licensure.)
- Crash Involvement(Measured at 2-, 4- and 6-month follow-up post-licensure (about month 18-24).)
- Risky driving behavior(Measured at 2-, 4- and 6-month follow-up post-licensure (within about month 18-24).)
- Virtual Driving Assessment performance(Measured at the time of the license examination, post-intervention (in about month 8-18).)
- Change in Virtual Driving Assessment performance(Measured at the time of the license examination, post-intervention (in about month 8-18).)
- Number of license exam attempts(Measured at the time of the license examination, post-intervention (in about month 8-18).)