Profiling Gingival Crevicular Fluid β-Catenin Level With 8-OHdG and Total Antioxidants Capacity During Healing of Periodontal Pockets: A 3-month Clinical Trial

Background: To profile gingival crevicular fluid (GCF) β-Catenin, 8-OHdG, and total antioxidants capacity (TAC) in periodontitis patients during healing of periodontal pockets following non-surgical periodontal therapy (NSPT).Methods: Periodontitis patients (n = 21) will included in this clinical trial. Clinical periodontal parameters will recorded and GCF samples will collected from randomly selected 4-6 mm periodontal pockets at baseline (T0) as well as 4 weeks (T1) and 12 weeks (T2) after NSPT. GCF levels of β-catenin, 8-OHdG, and TAC will be assayed by enzyme linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA).

Keywords: periodontal diseases; periodontal debridement; dental polishing; periodontal pocket

Why is this important?

This research explained the effects of non surgical periodontal treatment for patients with periodontal disease on the epithelial tissue regeneration during the healing process.

Introduction Periodontitis is a destructive disease of tooth-supporting tissues which initiated in response to frank dysbiosis of dental biofilm complemented by aggravated immune response. The hallmark of periodontitis is pathologic deepening of gingival sulci which are transformed into periodontal pockets when the front of dental biofilm advances apically. In such situation, immune responses are initiated within gingival tissue in order to counterattack the pathobionts and its virulent products . Polymorph nuclear cells, mainly neutrophils, are among the principle immune system components responsible for this task via series of biological activities such as phagocytosis and netosis. Prolonged inflammation of periodontal lesions and continuous heavy recruitment of these inflammatory cells leads to the release of oxygen free radicals (ROS) in an escalating pace which overwhelm antioxidant capacity of the host . Overproduction of ROS trigger series of destructive events characterized by increased metabolites of lipid peroxidation, DNA damage and protein damage that led to tissues damage . This shift of oxidative-antioxidant balance towards oxidative stress leads to dramatic changes in the levels of oxidative stress-related molecules such as total antioxidant capacity (TAC) and 8-hydroxy-2'-deoxyguanosine (8-OHdG) . These biomarkers can be clinically detected in oral biofluids such as saliva and GCF with a potential to discriminate between periodontal health and disease .