Influence of Food Texture on Appetite Control, Gastric Emptying, and Energy Expenditure
试验速览
- 阶段
- 不适用
- 状态
- 已完成
- 入组人数
- 20
- 试验地点
- 2
- 主要终点
- ad libitum energy intake
研究概览
简要总结
The aim of the study is to investigate the effect of liquid versus semi-solid meals on the regulation of energy balance in healthy young adults.The main questions it aims to answer are:
- Does a protein-rich liquid meal result in less satiety and therefore higher ad libitum energy intake at the next meal than an isocaloric oatmeal with the same macronutrient ratio?
- Is the consumption of a protein-rich liquid meal as a beverage in addition to an ad libitum oatmeal less compensated within the meal and at the next meal and provides thus a higher ad libitum energy intake than an isovolumetric noncaloric soft drink in addition to an ad libitum oatmeal?
Researchers will compare a protein-rich liquid meal to an isocaloric oatmeal with matched macronutrient composition to answer the first question. Researchers will compare a protein-rich liquid meal + oatmeal to a noncaloric softdrink (water with sucralose and flavoring) + oatmeal to answer the second question.
Participants will:
- spend 4 intervention days in a metabolic chamber (whole room indirect calorimeter)
- consume pre-definied preloads for breakfast and ad libitum lunch meals on 4 intervention days
研究设计
- 研究类型
- Interventional
- 分配方式
- Randomized
- 干预模型
- Crossover
- 主要目的
- Basic Science
- 盲法
- Single (Participant)
盲法说明
Blinding of participants to the actual primary outcome parameters to avoid energy intake bias
入排标准
- 年龄范围
- 18 Years 至 35 Years（Adult）
- 性别
- All
- 接受健康志愿者
- 是
入选标准
- •healthy males and females
- •Body Mass Index between 19-35 kg/m2
- •low to medium habitual physical activity
- •women with regular menstrual cycle (during intervention in follicular phase)
排除标准
- •smoking (cigarettes + cannabis)
- •chronic illnesses
- •regular intake of medication
- •Anemia and/or iron deficiency
- •food allergies / intolerances
- •regular high physical activity (exercise >1 hour/d)
- •current weight loss diet / weight loss of >5 kg in the last 3 months
- •restraint eaters (according to the German version of the 'Three-Factor-Eating-Questionnaire', Stunkard und Messick (1985))
- •active participation in another trial
- •pregnant / lactating women
- •persons incapable of giving informed legal consent
结局指标
主要结局
ad libitum energy intake
时间窗: for 9 hours after the consumption of the preloads
measured during preload and lunch \[kcal\] following the preload in both arms
次要结局
- gastric emptying(for 4 hours after the consumption of the isocaloric preloads)
- eating rate at lunch(at 5 hours after consumption of the preload)
- number of chews per bite at lunch(at 5 hours after consumption of the preload)
- serum ghrelin concentrations(for 3 hours after consumption of the isocaloric preloads)
- serum peptide-YY (PYY) concentrations(for 3 hours after consumption of the isocaloric preloads)
- serum Glucagon-like Peptide 1 (GLP-1) concentrations(for 3 hours after consumption of the isocaloric preloads)
- energy expenditure(measured for 9.5 hours)
- macronutrient oxidation(measured for 9.5 hours)
研究者
Prof. Dr. Dr. Anja Bosy-Westphal
Principal Investigator, Head of Department of Human Nutrition
University of Kiel