Effects of Short Duration Blood Flow Restriction Training on Musculoskeletal and Performance Outcomes
试验速览
- 阶段
- 不适用
- 状态
- 已完成
- 入组人数
- 68
- 试验地点
- 2
- 主要终点
- Thigh Muscles Ultrasound Assessment
研究概览
简要总结
Effects of short duration blood flow restriction training on musculoskeletal and performance outcomes.
详细描述
Often after 40 years of age due to decrease in physical activity, muscle strength and performance starts gradually declining. However, regular resistance training can decelerate age related decline in musculoskeletal system and it is considered a major contributing factor in optimizing health and longevity. The beneficial effects of resistance training include decreased resting blood pressure, improved lipid profiles, improved glucose metabolism, improved bone mineral density, decreased lower back pain, enhanced flexibility, increased resting metabolic rate, improved maximal aerobic capacity and alleviated symptoms of arthritis.
According to American College of Sports Medicine, at least loads >70% of an individual's one-repetition maximum (1RM) are required to maintain muscle mass and strength. Exercises done with heavy loads of more than >70% of individual 1RM are sometimes referred to traditional resistance training or high-load resistance training (HLRT). However, it is worth mentioning that HLRT may not be suitable for specific populations due to the excessive mechanical stress during exercises on joints and ligaments which may lead to injury. These populations may include novices, individuals recovering from an injury or suffering from chronic diseases, those with disabled limbs as well as the elderly who cannot endure the continual high mechanical stress caused by heavy resistance training.
Alternative training methods to HLRT exists that do not put excessive mechanical loads on the musculoskeletal system, yet can lead to increased muscle mass and strength. One such training method is called blood flow restriction training (BFRT).
In recent years, low load resistance training (< 40% 1RM) combined with blood flow restriction (BFR) has gained much attention as a feasible alternative to HLRT for maintaining or improving muscle mass and strength.
BFR is usually accomplished by inflating a pneumatic cuff or specially designed elastic bands around the most proximal region of the upper and/or lower limbs. Training loads are usually between 20%-40% 1-RM, 75 repetitions per exercise (15- 30 repetitions per set) or sets to failure. During BFRT pressure is applied in such a way that only venous return is blocked while maintaining arterial inflow to the muscles. It causes hypoxia within the muscles. When exercise is performed with BFR, there is an increase in intramuscular pressure beneath the cuff, which further disturbs the blood flow.
研究设计
- 研究类型
- Interventional
- 分配方式
- Randomized
- 干预模型
- Parallel
- 主要目的
- Basic Science
- 盲法
- Single (Participant)
入排标准
- 年龄范围
- 18 Years 至 30 Years（Adult）
- 性别
- Male
- 接受健康志愿者
- 是
入选标准
- •Sedentary males (< 2.5h/week physical activity) or < 300 METs per week (36)
- •Age 18-30 years
- •BMI between 18.5-29.9
- •Free from any lower-limb pain or injury
- •No previous experience with BFRT
- •Ankle brachial index values between 0.9-1.4
- •Not doing regular strength training of lower limb in the past 6 months
- •No strenuous physical activities 72h before and during the study period
- •Non-smokers
排除标准
- •Any injuries of the musculoskeletal system that could prevent the participants from training or testing
- •Any use of medication and/or supplements (e.g., protein powder, vitamins, creatine, NSAIDs, etc.)
- •Peripheral arterial disease
- •Diabetes and hypertensive patients
结局指标
主要结局
Thigh Muscles Ultrasound Assessment
时间窗: 2 weeks
Subject lying in supine position. 50% of thigh length was measured from ASIS to mid patella. Ultrasound measurements of muscle thickness of bilateral rectus femoris, and vastus intermedius were performed.
Abdomen Muscles Ultrasound Assessment
时间窗: 2 weeks
Subject lying in supine position. The images of bilateral, transverse abdominis, internal oblique and external oblique were taken by placing the probe transversely in the mid-axillary line, between the subcostal line and the iliac crest 15 cm lateral to the umbilicus. For the rectus abdominis examination, the probe was placed transversely 3 cm lateral to the umbilicus.
Jump Assessment
时间窗: 2 weeks
Subjects were standing 2 meters away from the mobile stand. My jump 3 mobile app was used for assessment. For jump assessment the mobile was fixed on a stand and placed in front of the subject.
Jump Assessment
时间窗: 2 weeks
Subjects were standing 2 meters away from the mobile stand. My jump 3 mobile app was used for assessment. For jump assessment the mobile was fixed on a stand and placed in front of the subject.
Thigh Muscles Ultrasound Assessment
时间窗: 2 weeks
Subject lying in supine position. 50% of thigh length was measured from ASIS to mid patella. Ultrasound measurements of muscle thickness of bilateral rectus femoris, and vastus intermedius were performed.
Abdomen Muscles Ultrasound Assessment
时间窗: 2 weeks
Subject lying in supine position. The images of bilateral, transverse abdominis, internal oblique and external oblique were taken by placing the probe transversely in the mid-axillary line, between the subcostal line and the iliac crest 15 cm lateral to the umbilicus. For the rectus abdominis examination, the probe was placed transversely 3 cm lateral to the umbilicus.
Thigh Muscles Strength Assessment
时间窗: 2 weeks
Subject sitting on a table unsupported. Knee in 75° flexion. Dynamometer was fixed with the table with the help of a strap the other end of the strap was fixed with subject's leg just above the ankle joint. Patient performed MVC for 5 seconds. First 2 seconds submaximal effort. Last 3 seconds maximum effort. 3 trials. 2 mins break between the trails.
Abdominal Muscles Strength Assessment
时间窗: 2 weeks
Subject stood in a custom made frame. Knee slightly bent. Heels on the mark so it is standardized for all subjects. Knees and thighs secured and tightened with belt. Chest harness placed and connected to the dynamometer belt. Subject was positioned in 17.5° trunk flexion. Trunk angle checked with goniometer. Patient performed MVC for 5 seconds. First 2 seconds submaximal effort. Last 3 seconds maximum effort. 3 trials. 2 mins break between the trails.
Thigh Muscles Electromyography Assessment
时间窗: 2 weeks
Subject sitting on a table unsupported. Knee in 75° flexion. For quadriceps muscles the electrodes were placed approximately half the distance between the knee and the iliac spine.Patient performed MVC for 5 seconds. First 2 seconds submaximal effort. Last 3 seconds maximum effort. 3 trials. 2 mins break between the trails.
Abdominal Muscles Electromyography Assessment
时间窗: 2 weeks
Subject stood in a custom made frame. Knee slightly bent. Heels on the mark so it is standardized for all subjects. Knees and thighs secured and tightened with belt. Chest harness placed and connected to the dynamometer belt. Subject was positioned in 17.5° trunk flexion. For rectus abdominis the electrodes were placed 3 cm lateral to the umbilicus. For external oblique the electrodes were placed 15 cm lateral to the umbilicus. Patient performed MVC for 5 seconds. First 2 seconds submaximal effort. Last 3 seconds maximum effort. 3 trials. 2 mins break between the trails.
次要结局
- Rating of Perceived Exertion Scale(2 weeks)
- Delayed Onset Muscle Soreness Assessment(2 weeks)