Non-Invasive Quantitation of Myocardial Dysfunction by Tissue Doppler / Synchronization Imaging in Children With Congenital Heart Defects (CHD)

All subjects who are treated at Sibley Heart Center at Children's Healthcare of Atlanta with the diagnosis of a congenital heart defect or an acquired heart condition (i.e. heart failure) may be approached for possible participation into the study. These patients will include newly diagnosed patients as well as patients who were diagnosed in previous years and have received medical treatment for their defect or condition. The following describe study procedures:

Echocardiographic assessment Standard 2-dimensional, M-mode, and Doppler or 3-dimensional echocardiography evaluation will be performed. We will assess cardiac function using left ventricular shortening (SF) and ejection fractions (EF). The EF will be calculated using both M-Mode and by Simpson's rule. We will also perform tissue synchronization imaging (TSI) and tissue Doppler imaging (TDI) using the GE Vivid 7 echocardiographic system. Both TSI and TDI will assist investigators in assessing mechanical synchrony. The research echocardiograms will occur at the time of routine assessments.

Clinical assessment/data collection Clinical information from the chart will be collected for this study. The information will include the doctor's evaluation of general health, including diagnosis and the names of any medications the participant may be taking. If the child has undergone a routine MRI for the purpose of clinical care, the MRI measures will be collected in order to compare MRI images and measures to the new 3D echo technique. Finally, EKG data will be collected at each visit. EKGs are performed routinely for these patients however, if one is not performed, the study staff will perform an EKG assessment in order to have electromechanical information (i.e. arrhythmias) on all children participating.