Comparison of the Substitution Between Different Tobacco/Nicotine Products as a Function of Tobacco-user Type
试验速览
- 阶段
- 不适用
- 状态
- 已完成
- 入组人数
- 58
- 试验地点
- 2
- 主要终点
- Nicotine/Tobacco Products Substitution
研究概览
简要总结
This study will investigate the relative appeal (abuse liability) of novel tobacco products, how the appeal is modulated by relative price, user type, and how novel products may substitute for one another.
详细描述
An important aim of tobacco control is to reduce demand for the most harmful products. Therefore, a priori knowledge of substitutability across novel and widely used tobacco products may forecast the impact of policies on product switching. This study will use a novel method, the Experimental Tobacco Marketplace (ETM), to characterize the relative substitutability and appeal (abuse liability) of tobacco products (e.g., conventional cigarettes, nicotine vaping products [NVP], heated tobacco products [HTP], and nicotine pouch products [NPP]), and how the appeal is modulated by relative price and user type. Exclusive cigarette smokers and dual cigarette/NVP users, stratified by age, will complete multiple scenarios in the ETM.
研究设计
- 研究类型
- Interventional
- 分配方式
- Randomized
- 干预模型
- Crossover
- 主要目的
- Basic Science
- 盲法
- None
入排标准
- 年龄范围
- 21 Years 至 —（Adult, Older Adult）
- 性别
- All
- 接受健康志愿者
- 否
入选标准
- •Provide informed consent
- •Be at least 21 years of age or older
- •Provide a breath sample for measuring carbon monoxide (CO ≥ 8 ppm)
- •Stable tobacco use patterns for at least three months
- •Be willing to sample NVPs, HTPs, and NPPs
- •For exclusive cigarette smokers: smoke at least 10 cigarettes daily and do not use NVPs regularly (no more than 9 times in the last month)
- •For dual cigarette/NVP users: smoke at least 5 cigarettes daily and use NVPs for at least 3 times in a week (report use of closed nicotine salt system)
排除标准
- •Have plans to move out of the area
- •Have a serious or unstable physical or mental health condition
- •Taking a tobacco cessation medication or medication that interferes with nicotine metabolism, motivation or reinforcement
- •Report concrete, immediate plans to alter/quit using their usual nicotine products at the beginning of the study
结局指标
主要结局
Nicotine/Tobacco Products Substitution
时间窗: 1 day
Participants will complete purchasing trials in an Experimental Tobacco Marketplace (ETM) with cigarettes increasing in price. Other product prices in the ETM will depend on the experimental condition. The degree to which other nicotine/tobacco products substitute for conventional cigarettes as a function of novel product (e.g. nicotine vaping products, heated tobacco products, nicotine pouch products) prices will be assessed. To obtain estimates of substitution of price-constant products in the different ETM conditions, the investigators will use ordinary least squares regression to model the relationship of the price-manipulated product to predict total quantity purchased of the price-constant product.
Cigarette Demand
时间窗: 1 day
Participants will complete purchasing trials in an Experimental Tobacco Marketplace (ETM) with cigarettes increasing in price. Other product prices in the ETM will depend on the experimental condition. The degree to which other nicotine/tobacco products substitute for conventional cigarettes as a function of novel product (e.g. nicotine vaping products, heated tobacco products, nicotine pouch products) prices will be assessed. To obtain dependent measures of demand, participants' purchasing of the price-manipulated commodity in the ETM task will be fit to a modified exponential equation to quantify the relationship between the price of each commodity and purchasing: Q=Q0\*10k(exp(-αQ0C)-1) where Q is purchasing of the commodity, C is the price, Q0 is the derived initial purchasing without cost constraints (demand intensity), k is the span of the function in logarithmic units, and α is the demand elasticity.
次要结局
未报告次要终点
研究者
Roberta Freitas-Lemos
Professor
Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University