Comparison Of Bowen's Technique And Myofascial Release Technique On Pain And Disability In Patients With Trapezitis

Trapezitis is a condition that involves inflammation of the trapezius muscle. The upper fibers of trapezius, being the postural muscles, are highly susceptible to overuse injuries and thus the inflammation.This results in pain that is present during the rest, is aggravated with activity and is referred to the other areas. The pain results in protective spasm of the antagonistic muscle group that also restricts the passive range of motion and makes it painful too. In people working for long hours at a desk and computers or spending many hours driving, the low level of upper trapezius activity is frequently found because of head posture during sitting and standing , which is common cause of tension and neck pain in such people.Various recent studies have hypothesized that trapezitis occurs due to muscle tissue overloading and injury, that results in involuntary shortening of localized muscle fibers. The stressed soft tissue area thus receives less glucose, oxygen and nutrients supply; subsequently high levels of metabolic waste products are accumulated. And this cascade of events ends in altered status of tissue, pain and the development of the Trigger points in the muscle.

Myofascial Release(MFR) is a soft tissue mobilization technique that is defined as " the facilitation of mechanical, neural and psycho physiological adaptive potential as interfaced via the myofascial system".MFR decreases the pain and restores the proper alignment by changing the ground substance's viscosity to more fluid state resulting in elimination of excessive pressure of fascia on the pain sensitive structures.

There is one more soft tissue technique called 'Bowen Technique' that is useful and indicated in myofascial pain. The Bowen technique is defined as:

'...dynamic system of muscle and connective tissue therapy which balances the body to allow it to heal itself. The work consists of a series of precise moves on specific points of the body. These moves are light and can be done through clothing. There are frequent and important pauses between each series of moves giving the body time to benefit from each. The technique uses positive moves that initiate a positive energy flow and negative moves that isolate this energy to a specific area' (Rentsch and Rentsch,1997) The Bowen technique was developed by late Tom Bowen in Geelong, Australia in 1950. It is a connective tissue technique that uses subtle inputs called 'Bowen moves' to the body that stimulates the body's self-healing. The Bowen moves applied are in several sets in a complete session of 15-45 minutes duration. While applying the technique, the therapist uses the thumb when the Bowen move is executed away from the patient's body and two fingers are used when the Bowen move is executed towards the patient's body. The technique can be used anywhere on the origin, insertion or the belly of the muscle and produces a physical and an energetic action.

This technique can be used to treat many types acute and chronic injuries and other health issues. It does this by using holistic approach in which body's innate healing mechanism is stimulated. This technique has been recommended in many conditions like headache, cervical pain, back pain, whiplash injury, TMJ dysfunction, herniated disk, tennis elbow, hamstring tightness and frozen shoulder, work related injuries etc.