Evaluation between serum uric acid to high-density lipoprotein cholesterol ratio and insulin resistance in type 2 diabetes patients

Type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) is a complex metabolic disorder characterised by insulin resistance (IR) and hyperglycemia, leading to various complications . Long-term complications cause the majority of deaths in patients with T2DM. Currently, 415 million people are affected by this disorder. In particular, the main objective of early diagnosis and treatment of type 2 diabetes is to decrease disease-related risks. Early identification and treatment of the condition are crucial in every way  Several variables contribute to the decline in human health, including inflammation and insulin resistance, which specifically impact fat and glucose metabolism in adipose tissue, the liver, and skeletal muscle . Insulin resistance (IR) and dyslipidemia are two pathogenetic variables that are essential to the onset of type 2 diabetes. Some studies say that uric acid is inversely proportional to HbA1c.But some studies have shows that hyperuricemia a predictor of insulin resistance in T2DM. Regarding insulin resistance, HDL-C is an independent contributing factor. The uric acid to HDL-c ratio has recently emerged as a new tool for predicting complications like metabolic disorders. Gulali Aktas et al., concluded that UHR is a promising biomarker to predict diabetic control.  More than 10.6% of UHR exhibited an 83% sensitivity and 71% specificity for predicting metabolic syndrome in 100 type 2 diabetes patients, according to retrospective research by Kocak et al. Another study showed that NAFLD was substantially correlated with UHR. UHR may be a factor in the rise in the burden of inflammation.  The existing literature supports the association between the serum uric acid to high-density lipoprotein cholesterol ratio and insulin resistance in type 2 diabetes patients. UHR shows promise as a prognostic marker for glycemic status and insulin resistance, providing additional insights into the complex interplay of metabolic factors in T2DM. However, further studies and standardization of measurement techniques are needed to establish UHR’s clinical utility definitively.