A prospective comparative study of metabolic parameter based on Arterial Blood Gas analysis in overweight smokers versus overweight nonsmokers undergoing laproscopic cholecystectomy

Smoking and CO2 pneumoperitoneum increases the risk of postoperative pulmonary complications in patients undergoing general anesthesia  It has been demonstrated that pneumoperitoneum causes atelectasis in the dorsal regions of the lungs and causes the diaphragm to shift cranially due to which static elastance of the lung and chest wall and altered lung mechanics with increased airway pressure and decreased lung capacity The changes in lung mechanics that take place during surgery can heighten the risk of stress and strain on the lungs leading to ventilator-induced lung damage

These effects of atelectasis of basal lungs, increased airway pressures and decreased lung compliance are further aggravated in overweight individuals and among smokers This is reflected in the arterial blood gas as acidosis decreased HCO3 and increased CO2

Therefore, to determine whether these metabolic changes are significant or not, we are planning to assess the effect of overweight smokers vs overweight nonsmokers on metabolic parameters in patients coming for elective laparoscopic cholecystectomy surgery.