Relationship Between Kinesiophobia Level and Postoperative Pain and Early Mobilization in Patients Undergoing Elective Abdominal Surgery: A Descriptive Cross-Sectional Study
试验速览
- 阶段
- 不适用
- 状态
- 尚未招募
- 发起方
- 入组人数
- 120
- 试验地点
- 2
- 主要终点
- Kinesiophobia Level (Tampa Scale for Kinesiophobia Score)
研究概览
简要总结
This study examines the level of kinesiophobia (fear of movement) in patients undergoing elective abdominal surgery and its relationship with postoperative pain severity and early mobilization. In this descriptive, cross-sectional study, adult patients who have undergone elective abdominal surgery under general anesthesia at two centers (Agri Training and Research Hospital and Taksim Training and Research Hospital) will be assessed after completing their first postoperative mobilization (typically postoperative day 1). Kinesiophobia will be measured with the Turkish version of the Tampa Scale for Kinesiophobia (TSK), postoperative pain with the Numeric Rating Scale (NRS), and early mobilization with a researcher-developed Early Mobilization Record Form (time to first ambulation, standing duration, and first walking distance/duration). The investigators hypothesize that patients' kinesiophobia levels will be positively associated with postoperative pain severity and with delayed/reduced early mobilization, and that patients without prior surgical experience will have higher kinesiophobia levels than those with prior surgical experience.
详细描述
Postoperative early mobilization is one of the most important components of the post-surgical recovery process, playing a critical role in preventing complications such as deep vein thrombosis, pulmonary complications, and bowel dysfunction, and in shortening hospital stay and accelerating functional recovery (Schandl et al., 2026). However, a substantial proportion of patients undergoing elective abdominal surgery avoid movement due to concerns about postoperative pain, the surgical incision, drains, and possible complications; this phenomenon is described in the literature as 'kinesiophobia' (fear of movement) (Kori et al., 1990). Kinesiophobia is defined as an excessive, irrational fear of movement resulting from a feeling of vulnerability to painful injury or re-injury. In recent years, kinesiophobia has increasingly been studied in cardiac surgery and various other surgical patient groups (Gulsen et al., 2025; Sharif-Nia et al., 2025), but studies examining the relationship between kinesiophobia and postoperative pain and early mobilization in elective abdominal surgery patients are limited.
This descriptive and cross-sectional study aims to determine the level of kinesiophobia in patients undergoing elective abdominal surgery and to examine its relationship with postoperative pain severity and early mobilization (time to first standing and first walking duration).
Research Questions:
- What are the kinesiophobia levels of patients undergoing elective abdominal surgery?
- What are the patients' postoperative pain severity and early mobilization (time to first standing, first walking duration) levels?
- Is there a relationship between patients' kinesiophobia levels and postoperative pain severity?
- Is there a relationship between patients' kinesiophobia levels and early mobilization levels?
- Do patients' sociodemographic and clinical characteristics (age, sex, body mass index, type of surgery, prior surgical experience) affect their kinesiophobia levels?
Hypotheses:
研究设计
- 研究类型
- Observational
- 观察模型
- Cohort
- 时间视角
- Cross Sectional
入排标准
- 年龄范围
- 18 Years 至 —（Adult, Older Adult）
- 性别
- All
- 接受健康志愿者
- 否
入选标准
- •Age 18 years or older
- •Having undergone elective (planned) abdominal surgery
- •Having had surgery under general anesthesia
- •ASA (American Society of Anesthesiologists) physical status class I-II
- •Having completed first mobilization on postoperative day 1
- •Able to communicate in Turkish and understand written/verbal directions
- •Conscious and oriented
- •Willing to voluntarily participate and provide informed consent
排除标准
- •A known pre-existing walking/movement disorder, balance problem, or orthopedic-neurological disease history
- •Having undergone emergency surgery
- •Being followed in an intensive care unit
- •Having a significant cognitive impairment or communication difficulty that prevents responding to data collection tools
- •Having a visual or hearing impairment that prevents completing the forms/scales
- •Being in a state of heavy postoperative sedation or delirium
- •Having previously been enrolled in the same study
- •Refusing to participate
研究组 & 干预措施
Elective Abdominal Surgery Patients
Adult patients who underwent elective abdominal surgery under general anesthesia at Agri Training and Research Hospital or Taksim Training and Research Hospital and completed their first postoperative mobilization (typically postoperative day 1). No experimental intervention is applied; participants complete the Patient Identification and Clinical Characteristics Form, the Tampa Scale for Kinesiophobia (TSK), and the Numeric Rating Scale (NRS) for pain, and their early mobilization (time to first standing, first walking duration/distance) is recorded via nursing observation and patient self-report.
干预措施: Tampa Scale for Kinesiophobia (TSK) (Diagnostic Test)
结局指标
主要结局
Kinesiophobia Level (Tampa Scale for Kinesiophobia Score)
时间窗: Assessed once, at the time the patient completes first postoperative mobilization (typically postoperative day 1)
Kinesiophobia (fear of movement) level assessed with the Turkish version of the 17-item Tampa Scale for Kinesiophobia (TSK), a 4-point Likert scale (1=strongly disagree to 4=strongly agree) with total scores ranging from 17-68. Higher scores indicate greater kinesiophobia.
次要结局
- Postoperative Pain Severity (Numeric Rating Scale)(Assessed once, at the time the patient completes first postoperative mobilization (typically postoperative day 1))
- Time to First Postoperative Standing(Recorded once, at the time of first postoperative mobilization (typically postoperative day 1))
- First Walking Distance/Duration(Recorded once, at the time of first postoperative mobilization (typically postoperative day 1))
研究者
Volkan Gokmen
Assistant Professor
Agri Ibrahim Cecen University