Investigation of the Relationship Between Kinesiophobia, Pain Intensity, and Physical Performance in Elderly Individuals With Musculoskeletal Pain
试验速览
- 阶段
- 不适用
- 状态
- 进行中（未招募）
- 入组人数
- 60
- 试验地点
- 1
- 主要终点
- Kinesiophobia Level (Tampa Scale of Kinesiophobia Score)
研究概览
简要总结
This study aims to investigate how kinesiophobia (fear of movement), pain intensity, and physical performance are related in older adults experiencing musculoskeletal pain. Musculoskeletal pain is highly common in the elderly due to age-related degenerative changes, such as osteoarthritis, chronic low back pain, osteoporosis, and muscle weakness. These conditions often lead to reduced mobility, impaired balance, and limitations in daily living activities. As a result, many older adults may avoid physical activity due to fear of pain or reinjury, which may further decrease their functional capacity.
The primary purpose of this study is to understand whether kinesiophobia contributes to lower physical performance in elderly individuals who have musculoskeletal pain. The study will also examine how pain intensity relates to balance, upper and lower limb strength, and overall functional ability.
Participants aged 65 years and older will complete a set of standard assessments in a single 30-minute session. Kinesiophobia will be measured using the Tampa Scale of Kinesiophobia, a 17-item questionnaire designed to assess fear of movement and avoidance behaviors. Balance will be evaluated with the Berg Balance Scale, which includes 14 tasks commonly performed in daily life. Lower limb strength will be assessed with the 30-Second Sit-to-Stand Test, while upper limb strength will be measured with a handgrip dynamometer.
Understanding these relationships may help clinicians design better rehabilitation programs that reduce fear, improve physical performance, and support healthy aging. The findings of this study may also contribute to strategies for preventing disability and promoting independence in older adults with musculoskeletal pain.
详细描述
This study is a cross-sectional observational investigation designed to characterize the multidimensional relationship between kinesiophobia, pain intensity, and physical performance in older adults presenting with musculoskeletal pain. Age-related degeneration affecting musculoskeletal tissues-such as reduced muscle cross-sectional area, impaired proprioceptive feedback, decreased bone mineral density, and deterioration in connective tissue elasticity-frequently results in chronic pain syndromes and diminished functional capacity. These physiological changes, combined with psychological factors such as fear of movement, contribute to a cycle of physical inactivity, deconditioning, balance impairments, and functional decline in the geriatric population.
Study Design and Rationale
Kinesiophobia has been identified as a significant psychological construct influencing mobility, pain perception, and functional outcomes in individuals with chronic musculoskeletal conditions. However, evidence regarding its interaction with objective performance-based metrics in geriatric populations remains limited. This study aims to fill this gap by concurrently evaluating kinesiophobia and physical performance using validated assessment instruments within a standardized protocol. The cross-sectional framework allows for analyzing inter-variable associations without the confounding influence of longitudinal adaptations.
Assessment Protocol
All assessments will be conducted in a controlled clinical environment by licensed physiotherapists who have received prior training and standardization instruction for each measurement tool. The evaluation sequence will be fixed for all participants to minimize order effects. Prior to each data collection day, calibration procedures will be performed for the hand dynamometer (e.g., tension verification using manufacturer-approved calibration weights) to ensure measurement reliability.
研究设计
- 研究类型
- Observational
- 观察模型
- Cohort
- 时间视角
- Cross Sectional
入排标准
- 年龄范围
- 65 Years 至 —（Older Adult）
- 性别
- All
- 接受健康志愿者
- 否
入选标准
- •Being over 65 years of age
- •Having musculoskeletal pain
- •Having the ability to read, write, and understand Turkish
排除标准
- •Presence of any neurological disease
- •Presence of a mental health problem that would prevent participation in the study
- •Presence of a metabolic disease such as diabetes or hypothyroidism
- •Presence of a malignancy
结局指标
主要结局
Kinesiophobia Level (Tampa Scale of Kinesiophobia Score)
时间窗: At a single assessment session (approximately 30 minutes after enrollment).
Kinesiophobia will be assessed using the Tampa Scale of Kinesiophobia (TSK), a 17-item self-report questionnaire. Each item is scored from 1 (strongly disagree) to 4 (strongly agree), yielding a total score range of 17 to 68. Higher scores indicate greater fear of movement and higher levels of avoidance behavior.
次要结局
- Balance Performance (Berg Balance Scale Score)(At a single assessment session (approximately 30 minutes after enrollment).)
- Lower Limb Strength and Functional Performance (30-Second Sit-to-Stand Test Repetitions)(At a single assessment session (approximately 30 minutes after enrollment).)
- Upper Limb Strength (Handgrip Dynamometry)(At a single assessment session (approximately 30 minutes after enrollment).)
- Pain Intensity (Numeric Rating Scale)(At a single assessment session (approximately 30 minutes after enrollment).)
研究者
Zeynep Kaçar Akkoç
Principal Investigator
Istinye University