Culturally Grounded Early Substance Use Prevention for American Indian Families
试验速览
- 阶段
- 不适用
- 状态
- 已完成
- 入组人数
- 449
- 试验地点
- 1
- 主要终点
- Youth age of first huffing
研究概览
简要总结
This study involves adaptation, implementation, and rigorous evaluation of a family-based program designed to prevent early initiation of substance use on a Northern Plains Indian reservation. The program, Thiwáhe Gluwáš'akapi, is a cultural adaptation of the Iowa Strengthening Families Program for Parents and Youth 10-14. Youth and their parents/caregivers will participate in weekly group sessions for 7 weeks and complete pre- and post-intervention surveys assessing a variety of risk and protective factors and youth outcomes. The evaluation design will allow the assessment of the effectiveness of different components within the program.
详细描述
Feasibility Pilot
A feasibility pilot for the Thiwáhe Gluwáš'akapi (TG) program will be conducted in the Spring of 2015. In the pilot, the intervention will be delivered to two groups of youth and families and the implementation process will be carefully evaluated to determine what works well and where further adaptation of the intervention or the study procedures may be necessary. Particular attention will be paid to retention of families and, if possible, any who drop out will be interviewed to understand barriers to participation.
As with the intervention evaluation itself (see below) youth aged 10-14 will be recruited to participate, along with their parents and/or other adults (up to 3 adults per child) who are actively involved in raising them (e.g., grandparents, aunts, uncles). Pilot groups will be conducted in each of two different communities on the reservation.
Once the feasibility pilot is complete, the intervention will be finalized for efficacy evaluation. Tasks for this phase will include refining the manual for the intervention and further developing training materials for interventionists.
Implementation/Component Evaluation
研究设计
- 研究类型
- Interventional
- 分配方式
- Randomized
- 干预模型
- Factorial
- 主要目的
- Prevention
- 盲法
- Single (Participant)
入排标准
- 年龄范围
- 10 Years 至 85 Years（Child, Adult, Older Adult）
- 性别
- All
- 接受健康志愿者
- 是
入选标准
- •Youth aged 10-14 years and their families, with connection to the South Dakota Indian Reservation where the study is being conducted. Families may include parents, extended family, guardians, and others living in the household.
排除标准
- •Individuals without a child in the family aged 10-14 will not be allowed to participate.
- •Youth who are not between 10 and 14 years of age will not be allowed to participate.
研究组 & 干预措施
Condition A
Substance use resistance skills; no Lakota language enhancement, no FaceBook supplement
干预措施: Substance Use Resistance Skills (Behavioral)
Condition B
FaceBook supplement; no Lakota language enhancement; no Substance Use resistance skills
干预措施: Facebook Supplement (Behavioral)
Condition C
Lakota language enhancement; no FaceBook supplement; no Substance Use resistance skills
干预措施: Lakota Language enhancement (Behavioral)
Condition D
Lakota language enhancement; FaceBook supplement; Substance Use resistance skills
干预措施: Lakota Language enhancement (Behavioral)
Condition D
Lakota language enhancement; FaceBook supplement; Substance Use resistance skills
干预措施: Facebook Supplement (Behavioral)
Condition D
Lakota language enhancement; FaceBook supplement; Substance Use resistance skills
干预措施: Substance Use Resistance Skills (Behavioral)
结局指标
主要结局
Youth age of first huffing
时间窗: Follow-up (6 months after program conclusion)
Mean age of first huffing
Youth lifetime alcohol use
时间窗: Follow-up (6 months after program conclusion)
Lifetime prevalence of alcohol use
Youth age of first cigarette use
时间窗: Follow-up (6 months after program conclusion)
Mean frequency of past month cigarette use
Youth past-month alcohol use
时间窗: Follow-up (6 months after program conclusion)
Mean frequency of past month alcohol use
Youth maximum alcohol use in past month
时间窗: Follow-up (6 months after program conclusion)
Mean maximum quantity of past month alcohol consumption
Youth past-month e-cigarette use
时间窗: Follow-up (6 months after program conclusion)
Mean frequency of past month e-cigarette use
Youth lifetime marijuana use
时间窗: Follow-up (6 months after program conclusion)
Lifetime prevalence of marijuana use
Youth prevalence of smokeless tobacco use
时间窗: Follow-up (6 months after program conclusion)
Lifetime prevalence of smokeless tobacco use
Youth age of first smokeless tobacco use
时间窗: Follow-up (6 months after program conclusion)
Mean age of first smokeless tobacco use
Youth age of first alcohol use
时间窗: Follow-up (6 months after program conclusion)
Mean age of first alcohol use
Youth past-month cigarette use
时间窗: Follow-up (6 months after program conclusion)
Mean frequency of past month cigarette use
Youth lifetime prevalence of e-cigarette use
时间窗: Follow-up (6 months after program conclusion)
Lifetime prevalence of e-cigarette use
Youth past-month marijuana use
时间窗: Follow-up (6 months after program conclusion)
Mean frequency of past month marijuana us
Youth lifetime cigarette use
时间窗: Follow-up (6 months after program conclusion)
Lifetime prevalence of cigarette use
Youth past-month huffing
时间窗: Follow-up (6 months after program conclusion)
Mean frequency of past month huffing
Youth frequency of past-month smokeless tobacco use
时间窗: Follow-up (6 months after program conclusion)
Mean frequency of past month smokeless tobacco use
Youth age of first marijuana use
时间窗: Follow-up (6 months after program conclusion)
Mean age of first marijuana use
Youth lifetime prevalence of huffing glue/gas
时间窗: Follow-up (6 months after program conclusion)
Lifetime prevalence of huffing
Youth lifetime alcohol use
时间窗: Baseline (1 week before program start)
Lifetime prevalence of alcohol use
Youth lifetime alcohol use
时间窗: Post-intervention (1 week after program conclusion)
Lifetime prevalence of alcohol use
Youth past-month alcohol use
时间窗: Baseline (1 week before program start)
Mean frequency of past month alcohol use
Youth past-month alcohol use
时间窗: Post-intervention (1 week after program conclusion)
Mean frequency of past month alcohol use
Youth maximum alcohol use in past month
时间窗: Baseline (1 week before program start)
Mean maximum quantity of past month alcohol consumption
Youth maximum alcohol use in past month
时间窗: Post-intervention (1 week after program conclusion)
Mean maximum quantity of past month alcohol consumption
Youth age of first alcohol use
时间窗: Baseline (1 week before program start)
Mean age of first alcohol use
Youth age of first alcohol use
时间窗: Post-intervention (1 week after program conclusion)
Mean age of first alcohol use
Youth lifetime cigarette use
时间窗: Baseline (1 week before program start)
Lifetime prevalence of cigarette use
Youth lifetime cigarette use
时间窗: Post-intervention (1 week after program conclusion)
Lifetime prevalence of cigarette use
Youth past-month cigarette use
时间窗: Baseline (1 week before program start)
Mean frequency of past month cigarette use
Youth past-month cigarette use
时间窗: Post-intervention (1 week after program conclusion)
Mean frequency of past month cigarette use
Youth age of first cigarette use
时间窗: Baseline (1 week before program start)
Mean age of first cigarette use
Youth age of first cigarette use
时间窗: Post-intervention (1 week after program conclusion)
Mean age of first cigarette use
Youth prevalence of smokeless tobacco use
时间窗: Baseline (1 week before program start)
Lifetime prevalence of smokeless tobacco use
Youth prevalence of smokeless tobacco use
时间窗: Post-intervention (1 week after program conclusion)
Lifetime prevalence of smokeless tobacco use
Youth frequency of past-month smokeless tobacco use
时间窗: Baseline (1 week before program start)
Mean frequency of past month smokeless tobacco use
Youth frequency of past-month smokeless tobacco use
时间窗: Post-intervention (1 week after program conclusion)
Mean frequency of past month smokeless tobacco use
Youth age of first smokeless tobacco use
时间窗: Baseline (1 week before program start)
Mean age of first smokeless tobacco use
Youth age of first smokeless tobacco use
时间窗: Post-intervention (1 week after program conclusion)
Mean age of first smokeless tobacco use
Youth lifetime prevalence of e-cigarette use
时间窗: Baseline (1 week before program start)
Lifetime prevalence of e-cigarette use
Youth lifetime prevalence of e-cigarette use
时间窗: Post-intervention (1 week after program conclusion)
Lifetime prevalence of e-cigarette use
Youth past-month e-cigarette use
时间窗: Baseline (1 week before program start)
Mean frequency of past month e-cigarette use
Youth past-month e-cigarette use
时间窗: Post-intervention (1 week after program conclusion)
Mean frequency of past month e-cigarette use
Youth lifetime marijuana use
时间窗: Baseline (1 week before program start)
Lifetime prevalence of marijuana use
Youth lifetime marijuana use
时间窗: Post-intervention (1 week after program conclusion)
Lifetime prevalence of marijuana use
Youth past-month marijuana use
时间窗: Baseline (1 week before program start)
Mean frequency of past month marijuana use
Youth past-month marijuana use
时间窗: Post-intervention (1 week after program conclusion)
Mean frequency of past month marijuana use
Youth age of first marijuana use
时间窗: Baseline (1 week before program start)
Mean age of first marijuana use
Youth age of first marijuana use
时间窗: Post-intervention (1 week after program conclusion)
Mean age of first marijuana use
Youth lifetime prevalence of huffing glue/gas
时间窗: Baseline (1 week before program start)
Lifetime prevalence of huffing
Youth lifetime prevalence of huffing glue/gas
时间窗: Post-intervention (1 week after program conclusion)
Lifetime prevalence of huffing
Youth past-month huffing
时间窗: Baseline (1 week before program start)
Mean frequency of past month huffing
Youth past-month huffing
时间窗: Post-intervention (1 week after program conclusion)
Mean frequency of past month huffing
Youth age of first huffing
时间窗: Baseline (1 week before program start)
Mean age of first huffing
Youth age of first huffing
时间窗: Post-intervention (1 week after program conclusion)
Mean age of first huffing
次要结局
- Youth perceived parent-child communication(follow-up (6 months after program conclusion))
- Youth antisocial behavior(follow-up (6 months after program conclusion))
- Youth perceived parental standard setting(follow-up (6 months after program conclusion))
- Family expressiveness, parent/guardian report(follow-up (6 months after program conclusion))
- Youth perceived consistency of parental discipline practices(follow-up (6 months after program conclusion))
- Youth perceived parental positive affect(follow-up (6 months after program conclusion))
- Youth prosocial behavior(follow-up (6 months after program conclusion))
- Youth deviant peer influences(follow-up (6 months after program conclusion))
- Youth prosocial peer influences(follow-up (6 months after program conclusion))
- Youth perceived parental monitoring(follow-up (6 months after program conclusion))
- Youth perceived parental approval(follow-up (6 months after program conclusion))
- Youth perceived parental autonomy support(follow-up (6 months after program conclusion))
- Family expressiveness - youth report(follow-up (6 months after program conclusion))
- Parent-child communication about family issues - parent/guardian report(follow-up (6 months after program conclusion))
- Youth perceived parent-child communication about alcohol and drugs(follow-up (6 months after program conclusion))
- Family cohesion - youth report(follow-up (6 months after program conclusion))
- Descriptive norms for alcohol, tobacco, and marijuana - youth report(follow-up (6 months after program conclusion))
- Youth lifetime history of stressful life events(follow-up (6 months after program conclusion))
- Youth knowledge of Lakota kinship terminology(follow-up (6 months after program conclusion))
- Youth self-esteem(follow-up (6 months after program conclusion))
- Youth perceived parental negative affect(follow-up (6 months after program conclusion))
- Youth perceived enforcement of family rules(follow-up (6 months after program conclusion))
- Lakota cultural socialization - youth report(follow-up (6 months after program conclusion))
- Youth perceived parental disapproval of alcohol, tobacco, and marijuana(follow-up (6 months after program conclusion))
- Knowledge of Lakota kinship terminology(follow-up (6 months after program conclusion))
- Parent-child shared activities - youth report(follow-up (6 months after program conclusion))
- Family conflict resolution - youth report(follow-up (6 months after program conclusion))
- Youth peer resistance skills(follow-up (6 months after program conclusion))
- Youth stress management skills(follow-up (6 months after program conclusion))
- Parent/guardian report of youth behavior(follow-up (6 months after program conclusion))
- Standard setting(follow-up (6 months after program conclusion))
- Parental self-efficacy(follow-up (6 months after program conclusion))
- Family meetings, parent/guardian report(follow-up (6 months after program conclusion))
- Family cohesion, parent/guardian report(follow-up (6 months after program conclusion))
- Youth psychological well-being(follow-up (6 months after program conclusion))
- General parent-child communication - parent/guardian report(follow-up (6 months after program conclusion))
- Parent support, parent/guardian report(follow-up (6 months after program conclusion))
- Lakota cultural socialization, parent/guardian report(follow-up (6 months after program conclusion))
- Parent past month alcohol use(follow-up (6 months after program conclusion))
- Parent age of first huffing(follow-up (6 months after program conclusion))
- Parent lifetime methamphetamine use(follow-up (6 months after program conclusion))
- Parent past month cocaine/crack use(follow-up (6 months after program conclusion))
- Parent-child communication about alcohol and drugs - parent/guardian report(follow-up (6 months after program conclusion))
- Parent/guardian report parent-child shared activities(follow-up (6 months after program conclusion))
- General family rules - parent/guardian report(follow-up (6 months after program conclusion))
- Parent past month alcohol use usual quantity(follow-up (6 months after program conclusion))
- Parent past month alcohol intoxication frequency(follow-up (6 months after program conclusion))
- Parent first age of alcohol use(follow-up (6 months after program conclusion))
- Parent lifetime cigarette use(follow-up (6 months after program conclusion))
- Parent past month smokeless tobacco use(follow-up (6 months after program conclusion))
- Parent past-month marijuana use(follow-up (6 months after program conclusion))
- Parent lifetime huffing(follow-up (6 months after program conclusion))
- Parent past month stimulant use(follow-up (6 months after program conclusion))
- Parent past month hallucinogen use(follow-up (6 months after program conclusion))
- Parent lifetime club drug use(follow-up (6 months after program conclusion))
- Parent past month club drug use(follow-up (6 months after program conclusion))
- Family rules about substance use - parent/guardian report(follow-up (6 months after program conclusion))
- Parent discipline practices(follow-up (6 months after program conclusion))
- Other household member discipline practices(follow-up (6 months after program conclusion))
- Parental negative affect, parent/guardian report(follow-up (6 months after program conclusion))
- Parental anger management, parent/guardian report(follow-up (6 months after program conclusion))
- Parent past month alcohol use quantity(follow-up (6 months after program conclusion))
- Parent age of first cigarette use(follow-up (6 months after program conclusion))
- Parent lifetime marijuana use(follow-up (6 months after program conclusion))
- Parent age of first marijuana use(follow-up (6 months after program conclusion))
- Parent past month huffing(follow-up (6 months after program conclusion))
- Parent lifetime stimulant use(follow-up (6 months after program conclusion))
- Parent lifetime sedative use(follow-up (6 months after program conclusion))
- Parent lifetime cocaine/crack use(follow-up (6 months after program conclusion))
- Parental monitoring - parent/guardian report(follow-up (6 months after program conclusion))
- Parent-child conflict, parent/guardian report(follow-up (6 months after program conclusion))
- Parental positive affect, parent/guardian report(follow-up (6 months after program conclusion))
- Family conflict resolution, parent/guardian report(follow-up (6 months after program conclusion))
- Lakota parenting practices(follow-up (6 months after program conclusion))
- Parent lifetime alcohol use(follow-up (6 months after program conclusion))
- Parent past month alcohol use maximum quantity(follow-up (6 months after program conclusion))
- Parent first age of alcohol intoxication(follow-up (6 months after program conclusion))
- Parent past month cigarette use(follow-up (6 months after program conclusion))
- Parent lifetime smokeless tobacco use(follow-up (6 months after program conclusion))
- Parent age of first smokeless tobacco use(follow-up (6 months after program conclusion))
- Parent lifetime e-cigarette use(follow-up (6 months after program conclusion))
- Parent frequency of past-month e-cigarette use(follow-up (6 months after program conclusion))
- Parent lifetime use of non-prescription painkillers(follow-up (6 months after program conclusion))
- Parent past month sedative use(follow-up (6 months after program conclusion))
- Parent past month heroin use(follow-up (6 months after program conclusion))
- Parent past month non-prescription painkiller use(follow-up (6 months after program conclusion))
- Parent lifetime heroin use(follow-up (6 months after program conclusion))
- Parent past month methamphetamine use(follow-up (6 months after program conclusion))
- Parent lifetime hallucinogen use(follow-up (6 months after program conclusion))
- Parent HIV risk behavior(follow-up (6 months after program conclusion))
- Parent life satisfaction(follow-up (6 months after program conclusion))
- Parent psychological distress(follow-up (6 months after program conclusion))
- Youth prosocial behavior(baseline (1 week before program start))
- Youth perceived consistency of parental discipline practices(baseline (1 week before program start))
- Youth perceived consistency of parental discipline practices(post-intervention (1 week after program conclusion))
- Youth perceived parental standard setting(baseline (1 week before program start))
- Youth perceived parental standard setting(post-intervention (1 week after program conclusion))
- Youth perceived parental monitoring(baseline (1 week before program start))
- Youth perceived parental monitoring(post-intervention (1 week after program conclusion))
- Youth perceived parental positive affect(baseline (1 week before program start))
- Youth perceived parental positive affect(post-intervention (1 week after program conclusion))
- Youth perceived parental approval(baseline (1 week before program start))
- Youth perceived parental approval(post-intervention (1 week after program conclusion))
- Youth perceived parental negative affect(baseline (1 week before program start))
- Youth perceived parental negative affect(post-intervention (1 week after program conclusion))
- Youth perceived parent-child communication(baseline (1 week before program start))
- Youth perceived parent-child communication(post-intervention (1 week after program conclusion))
- Youth perceived parent-child communication about alcohol and drugs(baseline (1 week before program start))
- Youth perceived parent-child communication about alcohol and drugs(post-intervention (1 week after program conclusion))
- Youth perceived enforcement of family rules(baseline (1 week before program start))
- Youth perceived enforcement of family rules(post-intervention (1 week after program conclusion); follow-up (6 months after program conclusion))
- Youth perceived parental autonomy support(baseline (1 week before program start))
- Youth perceived parental autonomy support(post-intervention (1 week after program conclusion); follow-up (6 months after program conclusion))
- Parent-child shared activities - youth report(baseline (1 week before program start))
- Parent-child shared activities - youth report(post-intervention (1 week after program conclusion))
- Family cohesion - youth report(baseline (1 week before program start))
- Family cohesion - youth report(post-intervention (1 week after program conclusion))
- Family conflict resolution - youth report(baseline (1 week before program start))
- Family conflict resolution - youth report(post-intervention (1 week after program conclusion))
- Family expressiveness - youth report(baseline (1 week before program start))
- Family expressiveness - youth report(post-intervention (1 week after program conclusion))
- Lakota cultural socialization - youth report(baseline (1 week before program start))
- Lakota cultural socialization - youth report(post-intervention (1 week after program conclusion))
- Youth perceived parental disapproval of alcohol, tobacco, and marijuana(baseline (1 week before program start))
- Youth perceived parental disapproval of alcohol, tobacco, and marijuana(post-intervention (1 week after program conclusion))
- Descriptive norms for alcohol, tobacco, and marijuana - youth report(baseline (1 week before program start))
- Descriptive norms for alcohol, tobacco, and marijuana - youth report(post-intervention (1 week after program conclusion))
- Youth antisocial behavior(baseline (1 week before program start))
- Youth antisocial behavior(post-intervention (1 week after program conclusion))
- Youth prosocial behavior(post-intervention (1 week after program conclusion))
- Youth deviant peer influences(baseline (1 week before program start))
- Youth deviant peer influences(post-intervention (1 week after program conclusion))
- Youth prosocial peer influences(baseline (1 week before program start))
- Youth prosocial peer influences(post-intervention (1 week after program conclusion))
- Youth peer resistance skills(baseline (1 week before program start))
- Youth peer resistance skills(post-intervention (1 week after program conclusion))
- Youth lifetime history of stressful life events(baseline (1 week before program start))
- Youth lifetime history of stressful life events(post-intervention (1 week after program conclusion))
- Youth stress management skills(baseline (1 week before program start))
- Youth stress management skills(post-intervention (1 week after program conclusion))
- Youth psychological well-being(baseline (1 week before program start))
- Youth psychological well-being(post-intervention (1 week after program conclusion))
- Youth knowledge of Lakota kinship terminology(baseline (1 week before program start))
- Youth knowledge of Lakota kinship terminology(post-intervention (1 week after program conclusion))
- Youth self-esteem(baseline (1 week before program start))
- Youth self-esteem(post-intervention (1 week after program conclusion))
- General parent-child communication - parent/guardian report(baseline (1 week before program start))
- General parent-child communication - parent/guardian report(post-intervention (1 week after program conclusion))
- Parent-child communication about family issues - parent/guardian report(baseline (1 week before program start))
- Parent-child communication about family issues - parent/guardian report(post-intervention (1 week after program conclusion))
- Parent-child communication about alcohol and drugs - parent/guardian report(baseline (1 week before program start))
- Parent-child communication about alcohol and drugs - parent/guardian report(post-intervention (1 week after program conclusion))
- Parent/guardian report of youth behavior(baseline (1 week before program start))
- Parent/guardian report of youth behavior(post-intervention (1 week after program conclusion))
- Parent/guardian report parent-child shared activities(baseline (1 week before program start))
- Parent/guardian report parent-child shared activities(post-intervention (1 week after program conclusion))
- Parental monitoring - parent/guardian report(baseline (1 week before program start))
- Parental monitoring - parent/guardian report(post-intervention (1 week after program conclusion))
- General family rules - parent/guardian report(baseline (1 week before program start))
- General family rules - parent/guardian report(post-intervention (1 week after program conclusion))
- Family rules about substance use - parent/guardian report(baseline (1 week before program start))
- Family rules about substance use - parent/guardian report(post-intervention (1 week after program conclusion))
- Parent discipline practices(baseline (1 week before program start))
- Parent discipline practices(post-intervention (1 week after program conclusion))
- Other household member discipline practices(baseline (1 week before program start))
- Other household member discipline practices(post-intervention (1 week after program conclusion))
- Standard setting(baseline (1 week before program start))
- Standard setting(post-intervention (1 week after program conclusion))
- Parent-child conflict, parent/guardian report(baseline (1 week before program start))
- Parent-child conflict, parent/guardian report(post-intervention (1 week after program conclusion))
- Parent support, parent/guardian report(baseline (1 week before program start))
- Parent support, parent/guardian report(post-intervention (1 week after program conclusion))
- Parental positive affect, parent/guardian report(baseline (1 week before program start))
- Parental positive affect, parent/guardian report(post-intervention (1 week after program conclusion))
- Parental negative affect, parent/guardian report(baseline (1 week before program start))
- Parental negative affect, parent/guardian report(post-intervention (1 week after program conclusion))
- Parental anger management, parent/guardian report(baseline (1 week before program start))
- Parental anger management, parent/guardian report(post-intervention (1 week after program conclusion))
- Parental self-efficacy(baseline (1 week before program start))
- Parental self-efficacy(post-intervention (1 week after program conclusion))
- Family meetings, parent/guardian report(baseline (1 week before program start))
- Family meetings, parent/guardian report(post-intervention (1 week after program conclusion))
- Family cohesion, parent/guardian report(baseline (1 week before program start))
- Family cohesion, parent/guardian report(post-intervention (1 week after program conclusion)
- Family conflict resolution, parent/guardian report(baseline (1 week before program start))
- Family conflict resolution, parent/guardian report(post-intervention (1 week after program conclusion))
- Family expressiveness, parent/guardian report(baseline (1 week before program start))
- Family expressiveness, parent/guardian report(post-intervention (1 week after program conclusion))
- Lakota cultural socialization, parent/guardian report(baseline (1 week before program start))
- Lakota cultural socialization, parent/guardian report(post-intervention (1 week after program conclusion))
- Lakota parenting practices(baseline (1 week before program start))
- Lakota parenting practices(post-intervention (1 week after program conclusion))
- Knowledge of Lakota kinship terminology(baseline (1 week before program start))
- Knowledge of Lakota kinship terminology(post-intervention (1 week after program conclusion))
- Parent lifetime alcohol use(baseline (1 week before program start))
- Parent lifetime alcohol use(post-intervention (1 week after program conclusion))
- Parent past month alcohol use(baseline (1 week before program start))
- Parent past month alcohol use(post-intervention (1 week after program conclusion))
- Parent past month alcohol use quantity(baseline (1 week before program start))
- Parent past month alcohol use quantity(post-intervention (1 week after program conclusion))
- Parent past month alcohol use maximum quantity(baseline (1 week before program start))
- Parent past month alcohol use maximum quantity(post-intervention (1 week after program conclusion))
- Parent first age of alcohol intoxication(baseline (1 week before program start))
- Parent past month alcohol use usual quantity(baseline (1 week before program start))
- Parent lifetime cigarette use(baseline (1 week before program start))
- Parent past month alcohol use usual quantity(post-intervention (1 week after program conclusion))
- Parent past month alcohol intoxication frequency(baseline (1 week before program start))
- Parent past month alcohol intoxication frequency(post-intervention (1 week after program conclusion))
- Parent first age of alcohol use(baseline (1 week before program start))
- Parent first age of alcohol use(post-intervention (1 week after program conclusion))
- Parent first age of alcohol intoxication(post-intervention (1 week after program conclusion))
- Parent lifetime cigarette use(post-intervention (1 week after program conclusion))
- Parent past month cigarette use(baseline (1 week before program start))
- Parent past month cigarette use(post-intervention (1 week after program conclusion))
- Parent age of first cigarette use(baseline (1 week before program start))
- Parent age of first cigarette use(post-intervention (1 week after program conclusion))
- Parent lifetime smokeless tobacco use(baseline (1 week before program start))
- Parent lifetime smokeless tobacco use(post-intervention (1 week after program conclusion))
- Parent past month smokeless tobacco use(baseline (1 week before program start))
- Parent past month smokeless tobacco use(post-intervention (1 week after program conclusion))
- Parent age of first smokeless tobacco use(baseline (1 week before program start))
- Parent age of first smokeless tobacco use(post-intervention (1 week after program conclusion))
- Parent lifetime e-cigarette use(baseline (1 week before program start))
- Parent lifetime e-cigarette use(post-intervention (1 week after program conclusion))
- Parent frequency of past-month e-cigarette use(baseline (1 week before program start))
- Parent frequency of past-month e-cigarette use(post-intervention (1 week after program conclusion))
- Parent lifetime marijuana use(baseline (1 week before program start))
- Parent lifetime marijuana use(post-intervention (1 week after program conclusion))
- Parent past-month marijuana use(baseline (1 week before program start))
- Parent past-month marijuana use(post-intervention (1 week after program conclusion))
- Parent age of first marijuana use(baseline (1 week before program start))
- Parent age of first marijuana use(post-intervention (1 week after program conclusion))
- Parent lifetime huffing(baseline (1 week before program start))
- Parent lifetime huffing(post-intervention (1 week after program conclusion))
- Parent past month huffing(baseline (1 week before program start))
- Parent past month huffing(post-intervention (1 week after program conclusion))
- Parent age of first huffing(baseline (1 week before program start))
- Parent age of first huffing(post-intervention (1 week after program conclusion))
- Parent lifetime use of non-prescription painkillers(baseline (1 week before program start))
- Parent lifetime use of non-prescription painkillers(post-intervention (1 week after program conclusion)
- Parent past month non-prescription painkiller use(baseline (1 week before program start))
- Parent past month non-prescription painkiller use(post-intervention (1 week after program conclusion))
- Parent lifetime stimulant use(baseline (1 week before program start))
- Parent lifetime stimulant use(post-intervention (1 week after program conclusion))
- Parent past month stimulant use(baseline (1 week before program start))
- Parent past month stimulant use(post-intervention (1 week after program conclusion))
- Parent lifetime sedative use(baseline (1 week before program start))
- Parent lifetime sedative use(post-intervention (1 week after program conclusion))
- Parent past month sedative use(baseline (1 week before program start))
- Parent past month sedative use(post-intervention (1 week after program conclusion))
- Parent lifetime heroin use(baseline (1 week before program start))
- Parent lifetime heroin use(post-intervention (1 week after program conclusion))
- Parent past month heroin use(baseline (1 week before program start))
- Parent past month heroin use(post-intervention (1 week after program conclusion))
- Parent lifetime methamphetamine use(baseline (1 week before program start))
- Parent lifetime methamphetamine use(post-intervention (1 week after program conclusion))
- Parent past month methamphetamine use(baseline (1 week before program start))
- Parent past month methamphetamine use(post-intervention (1 week after program conclusion))
- Parent lifetime hallucinogen use(baseline (1 week before program start))
- Parent lifetime hallucinogen use(post-intervention (1 week after program conclusion))
- Parent past month hallucinogen use(baseline (1 week before program start))
- Parent past month hallucinogen use(post-intervention (1 week after program conclusion))
- Parent lifetime club drug use(baseline (1 week before program start))
- Parent lifetime club drug use(post-intervention (1 week after program conclusion))
- Parent past month club drug use(baseline (1 week before program start))
- Parent past month club drug use(post-intervention (1 week after program conclusion))
- Parent lifetime cocaine/crack use(baseline (1 week before program start))
- Parent lifetime cocaine/crack use(post-intervention (1 week after program conclusion))
- Parent past month cocaine/crack use(baseline (1 week before program start))
- Parent HIV risk behavior(baseline (1 week before program start))
- Parent HIV risk behavior(post-intervention (1 week after program conclusion))
- Parent psychological distress(baseline (1 week before program start))
- Parent psychological distress(post-intervention (1 week after program conclusion))
- Parent life satisfaction(baseline (1 week before program start))
- Parent life satisfaction(post-intervention (1 week after program conclusion))