Association Between 2D:4D Digit Ratio and Urinary Stone Disease: A Prospective Observational Case-Control Study
试验速览
- 阶段
- 不适用
- 状态
- 尚未招募
- 发起方
- 入组人数
- 300
- 试验地点
- 1
- 主要终点
- Mean Bilateral 2D:4D Digit Ratio by Urinary Stone Disease Status
研究概览
简要总结
This prospective observational case-control study will investigate whether the 2D:4D digit ratio is associated with urinary stone disease. Adults undergoing non-contrast computed tomography at Malatya Training and Research Hospital will be classified as cases if kidney and/or ureteral stones are detected and as controls if no urinary stones are detected and there is no previous history of stone disease or stone surgery. The lengths of the second and fourth fingers of both hands will be measured using a digital caliper by two independent observers who are blinded to the participant group. The study will also examine whether the 2D:4D ratio is associated with recurrent stone disease, stone burden, and bilateral or multiple stones.
研究设计
- 研究类型
- Observational
- 观察模型
- Case Only
- 时间视角
- Cross Sectional
入排标准
- 年龄范围
- 18 Years 至 —（Adult, Older Adult）
- 性别
- All
- 接受健康志愿者
- 否
入选标准
- •Age 18 years or older
- •Provision of written informed consent
- •Undergoing non-contrast computed tomography at Malatya Training and Research Hospital during the study period
- •For cases: presence of at least one kidney and/or ureteral stone on non-contrast computed tomography
- •For controls: absence of stones in the kidneys, ureters, and bladder on non-contrast computed tomography
- •For controls: no previous physician-diagnosed urinary stone disease or history of stone-related surgery
- •Feasibility of bilateral second- and fourth-digit length measurements
排除标准
- •Congenital deformity of the hands or fingers
- •History of hand or finger trauma, fracture, surgery, or amputation that may affect digit length measurement
- •Severe hand deformity, contracture, or advanced joint disease preventing reliable measurement
- •Incomplete, inadequate, or technically unreliable 2D:4D measurements
- •Missing essential clinical, demographic, or imaging data
- •Pregnancy
- •Presence of bladder stones
- •Urinary diversion, major urinary tract reconstruction, or a significant structural urinary tract anomaly
结局指标
主要结局
Mean Bilateral 2D:4D Digit Ratio by Urinary Stone Disease Status
时间窗: At enrollment, during the single study assessment
The lengths of the second and fourth digits of both hands will be measured using a digital caliper by two independent observers blinded to group status. Right and left 2D:4D ratios will be calculated by dividing the length of the second digit by the length of the fourth digit. The mean bilateral 2D:4D ratio will be calculated as the average of the right and left ratios and compared between participants with computed tomography-confirmed kidney and/or ureteral stones and stone-free controls.
次要结局
- Mean Bilateral 2D:4D Digit Ratio by Recurrent Stone Disease Status(At enrollment, during the single study assessment)
- Association Between Mean Bilateral 2D:4D Digit Ratio and Total Stone Burden(At enrollment, during the single study assessment)
- Mean Bilateral 2D:4D Digit Ratio by Bilateral and/or Multiple Stone Presentation(At enrollment, during the single study assessment)
研究者
Emrah Kızılay
Urology Specialist
Malatya Governor Research Hospital