Anti Oxidant Enzymes and Total Antioxidant Levels in Diabetes Mellitus Type II Patients and Healthy Individuals With Periodontitis

This was a cross sectional study involving 300 subjects ,30-60 years of age. 80% was calculated as the power of the study and error was set at 5%. The ethical clearance for the study was obtained from the University central ethics committee. A consent form, was given to all the subjects, which was explained to them and a written consent was taken before enrolling them. As per the prepared case history format, case history was taken for all the subjects who were part of the study The body mass index (BMI) was assessed and subjects who were overweight & obese, with a BMI above 25 , were not included in the study.7 Of the total of 300 subjects,100 subjects who did not have any systemic diseases were included in group I and III, and 100 subjects with diabetes mellitus type II, who were not suffering from any other systemic diseases were included in group II. The diabetic patients in group II were on oral medication (Metformin derivatives) and appropriate diet control measures, for a period of at least one year but not more than five years.

Group I and II patients had chronic generalized severe periodontitis.8 Subjects in group III were systemically healthy and not suffering from any periodontal disease. A single trained investigator examined the periodontal status of all the subjects. Any other type of periodontitis was not included in the study.

Subjects were excluded if they had taken antibiotics any time in the last 4 weeks. Vitamin and mineral supplement intake and those who underwent periodontal treatment procedures in the course of the last 6 months were eliminated from the study. Tobacco users, alcoholics, pregnant as well as lactating women were not included in the study.

Only subjects who had a a RBS score of less than 120 and HbA1c score of less than 7 were accepted in the study.

Then a periodontal examination was carried out, the status of the periodontal condition was determined, and the subjects were alloted to the three groups by the single trained investigator,patient was also referred to a physician to determine the systemic condition.