The comparison of the effects of shallow and deep endotracheal suctioning methods on physiological indices and airway clearance in patients hospitalized in intensive care units of Al-Zahra Hospital in 2013.

Background: Clearing the endotracheal tube through suctioning should be done to promote oxygenation. Depth of suctioning is
one of the variables in this regard. In shallow suctioning method, the catheter passes to the tip of the endotracheal tube, and in
deep suctioning method, it passes beyond the tip into the trachea or brunches. This study aimed to evaluate the effect of shallow
and deep suctioning methods on cardiovascular indices in patients hospitalized in the intensive care units (ICUs).
Materials and Methods: In this clinical trial, 74 patients were selected among those who had undergone mechanical ventilation
in the ICU of Al-Zahra Hospital, Isfahan, Iran using convenience sampling method. The subjects were randomly allocated to
shallow and deep suctioning groups. Heart rate (HR) and blood pressure (BP) were measured immediately before and 1, 2, and
3 min after each suctioning. Number of times of suctioning was also noted in both the groups. Data were analyzed using repeated
measures analysis of variance (ANOVA), Chi-square and independent t-tests.
Results: HR and BP were significantly increased after suctioning in both the groups (P < 0.05). But these changes were not
significant between the two groups (P > 0.05). The suctioning count was significantly higher in the shallow suctioning group than
in the deep suctioning group.
Conclusions: Shallow and deep suctioning were similar in their effects on HR and BP, but shallow suctioning caused further
manipulation of patient’s trachea than deep suctioning method. Therefore, in order to prevent complications, nurses are
recommended to perform the endotracheal tube suctioning by the deep method.