Comparison of Dyslipidemia Among Diabetics Versus Non Diabetics in Haemodialysis

Diabetes mellitus (DM) is a metabolic disease , a consequence of defects in insulin action, secretion, or both, and there are complications associated with it, such as nephropathy, retinopathy, neuropathy, cardiovascular complications ,cerebrovascular and peripheral arterial disease. Diabetic nephropathy, which occurs in about one third of type 2 diabetic patients, is the most common factor leading to end-stage renal disease (ESRD) . A very common metabolic abnormality associated with diabetes is dyslipidemia, which is characterized by a spectrum of quantitative and qualitative changes in lipids and lipoproteinsSeveral previous studies have pursued linking blood glucose levels to serum lipid activities. The etiology of dyslipidemia appears to be centered on the increased large TAG-rich very low-density lipoprotein-cholesterol (VLDL-C) and its impaired clearance. American diabetic association (ADA) defines dyslipidemia as hypercholesterolemia ≥200 mg/dl of serum total cholesterol, hypertriglyceridemia ≥150 mg/dl of serum triglyceride, reduced high density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C) <40 mg/dl for men and <50 mg/dl for women, elevated low density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C) ≥70 mg/dl and high TC to HDL-C ratio of ≥4.5. Normal plasma lipids and lipoprotein metabolism is critical for cellular cholesterol homeostasis and protection against atherosclerosis, renal disease and other complication . A study found that people with high blood pressure and overweight or obesity have a higher risk of developing dyslipidemia ,Early detection and effective control of blood lipid levels can reduce the morbidity and mortality of CVD in patients with DM. Therefore, it is important to determine the factors associated with dyslipidemia.