Brief Online Intervention to Modify Interpretation Biases in Depression: An Experimental Approach
试验速览
- 阶段
- 不适用
- 状态
- 已完成
- 入组人数
- 121
- 试验地点
- 2
- 主要终点
- Total score of pleasantness ratings given to the ambiguous scenarios presented in the Ambiguous Scenarios Test for Depression-II, (AST-D-II) to measure interpretation bias.
研究概览
简要总结
Cognitive biases have been found to be possible causal and vulnerability factors for depression. There is empirical evidence on the presence of negative emotional biases in interpretation in people with depressive symptoms. A whole new area of research, called Cognitive Bias Modification (CBM), is focused on targeting negative cognitive emotional biases to investigate its impact on clinical symptoms. A recent meta-analysis has shown that this type of programs are effective in reducing cognitive biases but there is still controversy on their clinical value to reduce symptoms. The purpose of the study is to create a brief online intervention aimed to reduce negative emotional cognitive biases present in depression and to analyze its impact on clinical symptoms and well-being.
详细描述
More specifically, the intervention is framed within the area of CBM but it is rooted on techniques and change procedures used in cognitive-behavioral therapies. While original CBM studies train participants to change cognitive biases in an automatic manner, by forcing individuals to find positive outcomes to ambiguous scenarios, this new intervention focuses on teaching participants the meaning of emotional cognitive biases and how to modify them by using an effortful type of processing (i.e., looking for adaptive alternative interpretations to ambiguous stories).
The study has been design to overcome some of the limitations that have been pointed out in this emerging research area. Firstly, although there are recent efforts to understand how interpretation, attention and memory cognitive biases may be related, it is still not clear how they interact with each other. For this purpose, some authors have pointed out the need to use longitudinal data to see how one process may affect each other over time. Secondly, different systematic reviews and meta-analyses have investigated the moderating role of variables that may be affecting the heterogeneity of results found in CBM interventions. Mental imagery has been found to be a useful tool to help participants in their changing process, while there is no preferred number of sessions for these interventions. This study will help shed some light into this factors by using mental imagery during four sessions online.
研究设计
- 研究类型
- Interventional
- 分配方式
- Randomized
- 干预模型
- Parallel
- 主要目的
- Treatment
- 盲法
- None
入排标准
- 年龄范围
- 18 Years 至 —（Adult, Older Adult）
- 性别
- All
- 接受健康志愿者
- 是
入选标准
- •Present (PHQ-9) or past (DID) episode of depression.
- •Access to Internet
- •Fluent in Spanish language
排除标准
- •Being under any psychological treatment
- •Having a psychotic condition
- •Having any cognitive impairment or condition that do not allow to follow the program
- •Serious auditory or visual impairments
结局指标
主要结局
Total score of pleasantness ratings given to the ambiguous scenarios presented in the Ambiguous Scenarios Test for Depression-II, (AST-D-II) to measure interpretation bias.
时间窗: Change from the first assesment (the day before starting the intervention) to the second assessment (the day after completing the intervention) and the follow-up assessments (2 weeks and 3 months after completing the intervention).
Participants are asked to rate how pleasant they perceive 15 ambiguous scenarios in a scale from -5 (very unpleasant) to 5 (very pleasant).
Total score of each of the three subscales of the Depression, Anxiety and Stress Scale-21 (DASS) questionnaire.
时间窗: Change from the first assesment (the day before starting the intervention) to the second assessment (the day after completing the intervention) and the follow-up assessments (2 weeks and 3 months after completing the intervention).
Three subscales, with 7 items each, measuring symptoms of depression, anxiety and stress. Scores multiplied by 2 and summed up for each scale.
Total score on general, eudaimonic, hedonic, and social well-being as measured by the Pemberton Happiness Index (PHI)
时间窗: Change from the first assesment (the day before starting the intervention) to the second assessment (the day after completing the intervention) and the follow-up assessments (2 weeks and 3 months after completing the intervention).
Scale of 11 items measuring emotional well-being at different levels.
次要结局
- Ratio of recalled negative unscrambled sentences and recalled emotional unscrambled sentences during the SST.(Change from the first assesment (the day before starting the intervention) to the second assessment (the day after completing the intervention).)
- Proportion of time fixating the mouse cursor on negative over positive words to uncover them during the SST.(Change from the first assesment (the day before starting the intervention) to the second assessment (the day after completing the intervention).)
- Number of items viewed before reaching a decision in the Computerized Beads Task.(Change from the first assesment (the day before starting the intervention) to the second assessment (the day after completing the intervention).)
- Total score on the Dysfunctional Attitudes Scale (DAS)(Change from the first assesment (the day before starting the intervention) to the second assessment (the day after completing the intervention).)
- Total score on the Brooding subscale of the Ruminative Responses Scale (RRS)(Change from the first assesment (the day before starting the intervention) to the second assessment (the day after completing the intervention).)
- Ratio of the number of negative unscrambled sentences by the number of emotional unscrambled sentences in the Scrambled Sentence Test (SST) with cognitive load.(Change from the first assesment (the day before starting the intervention) to the second assessment (the day after completing the intervention).)