Effect of Adding of Core Versus Shoulder Strengthening on Tennis Serve Velocity in Young Adult Tennis Players
试验速览
- 阶段
- 不适用
- 状态
- 招募中
- 入组人数
- 50
- 试验地点
- 2
- 主要终点
- Serve Velocity Analysis
研究概览
简要总结
The goal of this randomized controlled trial is to evaluate the effect of a 4-week core strengthening program on flat serve velocity and arc of shoulder rotation in amateur young adult tennis players .
Participants will serve the tennis ball four times during the initial and final flat tennis serve assessments. Furthermore, participants will be divided into two groups and given different strengthening programs.
Researchers will compare Group A (shoulder strengthening group) and Group B (core strengthening group) to see if there is any difference between the core and shoulder training programs on the flat serve velocity.
详细描述
Design:
This study was designed as a double-blinded, randomized controlled trial to investigate the effect of a 4-week core strengthening program on the flat serve velocity and arc of shoulder rotation in amateur young adult tennis players.
Sample Size:
The sample size was estimated using data from websites that provide information on the Lebanese population, the International Tennis Federation (ITF, 2020), and the Lebanese Tennis Federation (LTF). It is estimated that the age range is 18-25 years. accounts for around 13.84% of the 2,000 tennis players in Lebanon, which equates to 276 players. Of these 276, 64 players (23.19%) were professionals (LTF, 2021), 53 players (25%) were estimated as beginners and the remaining 159 were assumed amateur players. By estimation, 39 players (25%) of the 159 players were excluded as per the exclusion criteria. The population size for the study was determined to be a total of 120 players. Using a scientific sample size calculator software (Qualtrics 2021), the confidence level was set to 90%, and the margin of error was set to 10%. The ideal sample size for this study was calculated and determined to be around 44 ± 10% amateur tennis players. According to this calculation, around 50 amateur tennis players will be recruited for this study.
Participants :
研究设计
- 研究类型
- Interventional
- 分配方式
- Randomized
- 干预模型
- Parallel
- 主要目的
- Other
- 盲法
- Double (Investigator, Outcomes Assessor)
盲法说明
In this study, double-blinding will be optimized to ensure that the participants are unaware of the study's aim and exact details; in addition, the pre- and post-radar gun assessments will be performed by someone other than the researchers, preferably a tennis coach. Furthermore, shoulder and core training will be performed in the BAU gym under the direction and supervision of coaches and physical therapists; the training program will be given and performed with the coaches before implementing them with the participants.
入排标准
- 年龄范围
- 18 Years 至 25 Years（Adult）
- 性别
- All
- 接受健康志愿者
- 是
入选标准
- •(1)Tennis playing experience between 1 to 3 yrs.(2)Trains 2-3 times per week for a minimum of 1-2 hours per day.(3)Trained in flat serve.(4) Right and Left-handed Players.(5) Females and males.(6) Young adults age ranging from 18-25 years.
排除标准
- •(1)Players who underwent specific shoulder or core strength training in the past year.(2)Players who had a history of UE injury (dislocation, rupture, fracture, surgery ) that prevents them from playing .(3) back or knee pain for at least the past year .(4) Players with Cardiovascular diseases or metabolic disorders. (ex: DM)
研究组 & 干预措施
Core Group
Each session will begin with a 5-10-minute core dynamic warm-up exercise and 20-minute shoulder exercise training.
The participants then will perform approximately 10 minutes of core exercises using therapy resistance bands. All players will rest for a few seconds between the exercises. The core exercises will include: bicycle crunches with the band placed around the feet, standing knee tucks with the band placed around the feet (without shoulder rotations and while applying posterior pelvic tilts), flutter kicks with the band placed above the ankles, leg raises with knees flexed and no resistance band, and posterior pelvic tilts from a supine position with hold.
Lastly, the training session will end with a 5-10-minute cool-down.
干预措施: Core Strengthening Programs (Other)
Shoulder Group
Each session will begin with a 5-10-minute shoulder dynamic warm-up exercise.
The participants then will perform approximately 30 minutes of shoulder exercises using therapy resistance bands. All players will rest for a few seconds between the exercises. The shoulder exercises will include: internal and external rotations with the elbow flexed and band wrapped around an object of appropriate height, shoulder abduction to 90˚ with band placed under feet for fixation, shoulder flexion to 90˚ with band placed under feet for fixation, and seated rowing with band held in hands while being placed around the feet were all performed in a sitting position to avoid activation of core muscles.
Lastly, the training session will end with a 5-10-minute cool-down.
干预措施: Shoulder Strengthening Programs (Other)
结局指标
主要结局
Serve Velocity Analysis
时间窗: Baseline
1. The flat serve speed will measured in miles per hour using the Bushnell Velocity Speed Radar Gun, which measures the speed of the ball up to 90 feet away (10 to 110 mph) within +/- 1 mph accuracy. The therapist will hold the radar at least 6 feet behind the player in the center of the baseline, aligning it with the height approximate to the center of the racket head at the point of ball contact and pointing down the center of the service box (Fernandez-fernandez et al., 2013; Myers et al., 2015).
Serve Ball Speed Analysis
时间窗: Baseline (pre- the-4 week training program) , post-the- 4 weeks training program .
1\. The flat serve speed will be measured in miles per hour using the Bushnell Velocity Speed Radar Gun, which measures the speed of the ball up to 90 feet away (10 to 110 mph) within +/- 1 mph accuracy. The therapist will hold the radar at least 6 feet behind the player in the center of the baseline, aligning it with the height approximate to the center of the racket head at the point of ball contact and pointing down the center of the service box (Fernandez-fernandez et al., 2013; Myers et al., 2015).
次要结局
- Total Glenohumeral Arc of Rotation(Baseline (pre- the-4 week training program) , post-the- 4 weeks training program .)
研究者
Ahmed ElMelhat
Associate Professor at Beirut Arab University and Cairo University
Cairo University