The Impact of Pretreatment Lymphocyte to Monocyte Ratio on Clinical Outcome for Patient With HCC

The exact molecular mechanisms responsible for the prognostic impact of lymphocyte monocyte ratio in Heatocellular carcinoma are unclear.It has been suggested that cross-talk between the inflammatory response and tumor progression play a critical role in the initiation and progression of Heatocellular carcinoma. In the tumor microenvironment, inflammatory infiltrates have a large influence on the biological behavior of Heatocellular carcinoma.

Tumor-infiltrating lymphocytes, as representative component of the immune microenvironment ,are implicated in several stages of Heatocellular carcinoma progression, and Tumor-infiltrating lymphocytes phenotypes may be a predictor for favorable prognosis.

Conversely, low lymphocyte counts might result in an insufficient immunological reaction, which lead to inferior survival in multiple cancers.

Monocytes infiltrating tumor tissue are also involved in Heatocellular carcinoma development and progression. Activated monocytes in Heatocellular carcinoma micro environments can trigger and polarize T-cell responses and facilitate inflammation-induced tumor development.

Tumor-associated macrophages are derived from circulating monocytes. Tumor-associated macrophages can accelerate Heatocellular carcinoma cell proliferation,tumor-associated angiogenesis, and metastasis. Several studies showed that high infiltration of Tumor-associated macrophages predicted decreased survival in various cancers.