Multifaceted Analysis of the Adaptation of Rowers in the Process of Sports Training
试验速览
- 阶段
- 不适用
- 状态
- 已完成
- 发起方
- 入组人数
- 30
- 试验地点
- 1
- 主要终点
- Changes from baseline in progesterone level.
研究概览
简要总结
This study aims to analyze in detail selected indicators of appetite regulation, metabolism, and iron balance in competitive rowers undergoing intense exercise. The project involves assessing dynamic hormonal and biochemical changes in the athletes' bodies, which will allow a better understanding of the body's adaptive mechanisms to prolonged physical strain.
Research group: the research will be conducted in a homogeneous group of professional rowers (N=30), all competitors qualified for the Polish Youth Rowing Team:
- aged 19 - 24, because the age group must be homogeneous,
- the size of the group is about thirty people, which in the case of a homogeneous group will enable statistical analyzes to be conducted.
Rowing performance test: At the beginning and end of the training camp, participants will perform a test on a rowing ergometer (Concept II, USA). Each subject will have to cover a distance of 2000 m in the shortest possible time, which is the distance starting in rowing competitions. The results of both tests will be considered in the selection for the championship team; therefore, athletes will be well motivated to perform both tests with maximum effort.
Blood samples will be taken from the cubital vein at three-time points: before each ergometer test (after overnight fasting), directly after the test, and after a 1-hour recovery period.
详细描述
The study aims to conduct a detailed analysis of selected indicators of appetite regulation, metabolism, inflammation, and iron balance in competitive rowers undergoing intense exercise. The project involves assessing dynamic hormonal and biochemical changes in the athletes' bodies, which will allow for a better understanding of the body's adaptive mechanisms to prolonged physical strain.
Research group: The research will be conducted in a homogeneous group of professional rowers (N=30), all competitors qualified for the Polish Youth. Rowing Team:
- aged 19 - 24, because the age group must be homogeneous,
- the size of the group is about thirty people, which in the case of a homogeneous group will enable statistical analyzes to be conducted.
Rowing performance test: at the beginning and at the end of the training camp, participants will perform a test on a rowing ergometer (Concept II, USA), each subject will have to cover a distance of 2000 m in the shortest possible time, which is the distance starting in rowing competitions. The results of both tests will be considered in the selection for the championship team; therefore, athletes will be well motivated to perform both tests with maximum effort.
Blood samples will be taken from the cubital vein at three-time points: before each ergometer test (after overnight fasting), directly after the test, and after a 1-hour recovery period.
研究设计
- 研究类型
- Observational
- 观察模型
- Cohort
- 时间视角
- Prospective
入排标准
- 年龄范围
- 19 Years 至 24 Years（Adult）
- 性别
- All
- 接受健康志愿者
- 是
入选标准
- •consent to participate in the study,
- •regular training regimen,
- •current medical examination,
- •no health contraindications (to be decided by a doctor).
排除标准
- •Lack of consent for blood draws,
- •injuries,
- •health problems,
- •anti-inflammatory drugs,
- •supportive substances, supplements in the last 3 months before the start of the study.
结局指标
主要结局
Changes from baseline in progesterone level.
时间窗: At rest (before the exercise test), 1 minute after the end of the test, after 1 hour of recovery
Concentration of progesterone \[ng/mL\]. Immunoenzymatic assay method using a diagnostic ELISA Kit
Changes from baseline in estradiol level.
时间窗: At rest (before the exercise test), 1 minute after the end of the test, after 1 hour of recovery
Concentration of estradiol \[ng/mL\]. Immunoenzymatic assay method using a diagnostic ELISA Kit
The Blood morphology
时间窗: At rest (before the test), directly after the test, and after a 1-hour recovery period.
Using MYTHIC18 hematology analyzer (Cormay Diagnostics, Geneva, Switzerland). Qualitative and quantitative evaluation of morphological elements of blood (determination in venous blood).
Changes from baseline in Glycogen level.
时间窗: At rest (before the test), directly after the test, and after a 1-hour recovery period.
Concentration of glycogen \[ng/mL\]. Immunoenzymatic assay method using a diagnostic ELISA Kit
Changes from baseline Insulin level.
时间窗: At rest (before the test), directly after the test, and after a 1-hour recovery period.
Concentration of insulin \[μIU/mL\]. Immunoenzymatic assay method using a diagnostic ELISA Kit
Changes from baselineCreatine kinase activity (CK) level.
时间窗: At rest (before the test), directly after the test, and after a 1-hour recovery period.
Concetration of CK \[ng/ml\]. Immunoenzymatic assay method using a diagnostic ELISA Kit
Changes from baseline interleukin-6 (Il-6) level.
时间窗: At rest (before the test), directly after the test, and after a 1-hour recovery period.
Concentration of Il-6 \[pg/mL\]. Immunoenzymatic assay method using a diagnostic ELISA Kit
Changes from baseline in fibroblast growth factor 21 (FGF-21) level.
时间窗: At rest (before the test), directly after the test, and after a 1-hour recovery period.
Concentration of FGF-21 \[pg/mL\]. Immunoenzymatic assay method using a diagnostic ELISA Kit
Changes from baseline in lactic acid (LA) level.
时间窗: At rest (before the test), directly after the test, and after a 1-hour recovery period.
Concetration of LA \[mmol/l\]. Using a portable biochemical photometer Vario Photometer II (Diaglobal, Berlin, Germany) (capillary blood from the ear lobe).
Gene expression
时间窗: At rest (before the test), directly after the test, and after a 1-hour recovery period.
Genes studied: LEP, GHRL, AGRP, GOT1 and GPX4. RNA isolation will be performed by the column method on the Direct-zol™ RNA MiniPrep Plus Kits, according to the test manufacturer's instructions. Gene expression analysis from cells isolated from blood will be performed by reverse transcription using TaqMan
Changes from baseline in serotonin level.
时间窗: At rest (before the exercise test), 1 minute after the end of the test, after 1 hour of recovery
Concentration of serotonin \[ng/mL\]. Immunoenzymatic assay method using a diagnostic ELISA Kit
Changes from baseline in testosterone level.
时间窗: At rest (before the test), directly after the test, and after a 1-hour recovery period.
Concentration of testosterone \[ng/mL\]. Immunoenzymatic assay method using a diagnostic ELISA Kit
Changes from baseline in dopamine level.
时间窗: At rest (before the exercise test), 1 minute after the end of the test, after 1 hour of recovery
Concentration of dopamine \[ng/mL\]. Immunoenzymatic assay method using a diagnostic ELISA Kit
Baseline Mood Profile of Athletes Before Exercise Test Using POMS Questionnaire.
时间窗: At rest (before the exercise test).
The Profile of Mood States (POMS) questionnaire measures mood states and emotional well-being.
Baseline Mental Toughness in Sport measured using the Scale of Mental Toughness in Sport (SMTQ)
时间窗: At rest (before the exercise test).
Scale of Mental Toughness in Sport (SMTQ) - to assess an athlete's ability to cope with training loads and stress
Baseline Eating Behavior and Attitudes of Athletes Before Exercise Test Using EDE-Q 6.0 Questionnaire.
时间窗: At rest (before the exercise test).
The Eating Disorder Examination Questionnaire (EDE-Q) measures the severity of eating disorder behaviors and attitudes.
Baseline Appetite Assessment of Athletes Before Exercise Test Using Visual Analogue Scale (VAS).
时间窗: At rest (before the exercise test).
The Visual Analogue Scale (VAS) measures subjective appetite sensations-linear scale from one to 10 where 10 is the strongest feeling.
Changes from baseline in leptin(LEP) level.
时间窗: At rest (before the test), directly after the test, and after a 1-hour recovery period.
Satiety regulation marker. Concentration of leptin \[pg/ml\].ELISA method by the test manufacturer's instructions.
Changes from baseline in glucagon-like peptide-1 (GLP-1) level.
时间窗: At rest (before the test), directly after the test, and after a 1-hour recovery period.
Satiety regulation marker. Concentration of GLP-1 \[pg/ml\]. ELISA method by the test manufacturer's instructions.
Changes from baseline in peptide YY (PYY) level.
时间窗: At rest (before the test), directly after the test, and after a 1-hour recovery period.
Satiety regulation marker. Concentration of leptin \[pg/ml\]. ELISA method by the test manufacturer's instructions.
Changes from baseline in pancreatic polipeptide (PP) level.
时间窗: At rest (before the test), directly after the test, and after a 1-hour recovery period.
Satiety regulation marker. Concentration of PP \[pg/ml\]. ELISA method by the test manufacturer's instructions
Changes from baseline in ghrelin (GHRL) level.
时间窗: At rest (before the test), directly after the test, and after a 1-hour recovery period.
Hunger regulation marker. Concentration of GHRL \[pg/ml\].ELISA method by the test manufacturer's instructions.
Changes from baseline in cholocystokinin (CCK) level.
时间窗: At rest (before the test), directly after the test, and after a 1-hour recovery period.
Satiety regulation marker. Concentration of CCK \[pg/ml\].ELISA method by the test manufacturer's instructions.
Changes from baseline in Soluble transferrin receptor level.
时间窗: At rest (before the test), directly after the test, and after a 1-hour recovery period.
Concentration of Soluble transferrin receptor \[μg/ml\]. ELISA method by the test manufacturer's instructions.
Changes from baseline in Ferritin level.
时间窗: At rest (before the test), directly after the test, and after a 1-hour recovery period.
Concentration of ferritin \[ng/mL\]. ELISA method by the test manufacturer's instructions
Changes from baseline in 4-Hydroxynonenal (4-HNE) level.
时间窗: At rest (before the test), directly after the test, and after a 1-hour recovery period.
Concentration of 4-Hydroxynonenal (4-HNE) \[pg/ml\]. ELISA method by the test manufacturer's instructions
Changes from baseline in Glutathione Peroxidase 4 (GPX4) level.
时间窗: At rest (before the test), directly after the test, and after a 1-hour recovery period.
Concentration of Human Glutathione Peroxidase 4 (GPX4) \[ng/mL\]. ELISA method by the test manufacturer's instructions
Changes from baseline in Glutathione level.
时间窗: At rest (before the test), directly after the test, and after a 1-hour recovery period.
Concentration of Glutathione (GSH) \[μg/mL\]. ELISA method by the test manufacturer's instructions.
Changes from baseline in Heme Oxygenase 1(HO-1) level.
时间窗: At rest (before the test), directly after the test, and after a 1-hour recovery period.
Concentration of Heme Oxygenase 1 (HO-1) \[ng/mL\]. ELISA method by the test manufacturer's instructions
Changes from baseline in Erythroferrone level.
时间窗: At rest (before the test), directly after the test, and after a 1-hour recovery period.
Concentration of erythroferrone \[ng/mL\]. ELISA method by the test manufacturer's instructions
Changes from baseline in Lactoferrin level.
时间窗: At rest (before the test), directly after the test, and after a 1-hour recovery period.
Concentration of lactoferrin \[ng/mL\]. ELISA method by the test manufacturer's instructions
Changes from baseline in Iron (Fe) level.
时间窗: At rest (before the test), directly after the test, and after a 1-hour recovery period.
The iron level \[µg/dL\] will be determined using the colorimetric method on the SPECTROstar Nano reader.
Changes from baseline in acid-base balance - urea nitrogen (BUN) level.
时间窗: At rest (before the test), directly after the test, and after a 1-hour recovery period.
Concentration of BUN \[ml/dl\]. Using the portable blood gas, electrolyte, and metabolite analyzer (epoc®) (capillary blood from the ear lobe).
Changes from baseline in acid-base balance - anion gap (AGAP) level.
时间窗: At rest (before the test), directly after the test, and after a 1-hour recovery period.
Concentration of AGAP \[mmol/l\]. Using the portable blood gas, electrolyte, and metabolite analyzer (epoc®) (capillary blood from the ear lobe).
Changes from baseline in acid-base balance - excess base in extracellular fluid (BE ecf) level.
时间窗: At rest (before the test), directly after the test, and after a 1-hour recovery period.
Concentration of Be ecf \[mmol/l\]. Using the portable blood gas, electrolyte, and metabolite analyzer (epoc®) (capillary blood from the ear lobe).
Changes from baseline in acid-base balance - sodium (Na) level.
时间窗: At rest (before the test), directly after the test, and after a 1-hour recovery period.
Concentration of Na \[mmol/l\]. Using the portable blood gas, electrolyte, and metabolite analyzer (epoc®) (capillary blood from the ear lobe).
Changes from baseline in acid-base balance - calcium (Ca) level.
时间窗: At rest (before the test), directly after the test, and after a 1-hour recovery period.
Concentration of Ca \[mmol/l\]. Using the portable blood gas, electrolyte, and metabolite analyzer (epoc®) (capillary blood from the ear lobe).
Changes from baseline in acid-base balance - potassium (K) level.
时间窗: At rest (before the test), directly after the test, and after a 1-hour recovery period.
Concentration of K \[mmol/l\]. Using the portable blood gas, electrolyte, and metabolite analyzer (epoc®) (capillary blood from the ear lobe).
Changes from baseline in acid-base balance - chlorine (Cl) level.
时间窗: At rest (before the test), directly after the test, and after a 1-hour recovery period.
Concentration of Cl \[mmol/l\]. Using the portable blood gas, electrolyte, and metabolite analyzer (epoc®) (capillary blood from the ear lobe).
Changes from baseline in acid-base balance - bicarbonate level (cHCO3).
时间窗: At rest (before the test), directly after the test, and after a 1-hour recovery period.
Concentration of cHCO3 \[mmol/l\]. Using the portable blood gas, electrolyte, and metabolite analyzer (epoc®) (capillary blood from the ear lobe).
Changes from baseline in acid-base balance - total plasma CO2 (tCO2) level.
时间窗: At rest (before the test), directly after the test, and after a 1-hour recovery period.
Concentration of tCO2 \[mmol/l\]. Using the portable blood gas, electrolyte, and metabolite analyzer (epoc®) (capillary blood from the ear lobe).
Changes from baseline in acid-base balance - partial pressure of carbon dioxide (pCO2)
时间窗: At rest (before the test), directly after the test, and after a 1-hour recovery period.
Concentration of pCO2 \[mmol/l\]. Using the portable blood gas, electrolyte, and metabolite analyzer (epoc®) (capillary blood from the ear lobe).
Changes from baseline in acid-base balance - partial pressure of oxygen (pO2)
时间窗: At rest (before the test), directly after the test, and after a 1-hour recovery period.
Concentration of pO2 \[mmol/l\]. Using the portable blood gas, electrolyte, and metabolite analyzer (epoc®) (capillary blood from the ear lobe).
Changes from baseline in acid-base balance -total blood saturation (cSO2) level.
时间窗: At rest (before the test), directly after the test, and after a 1-hour recovery period.
Concentration of cSO2 \[mmol/l\]. Using the portable blood gas, electrolyte, and metabolite analyzer (epoc®) (capillary blood from the ear lobe).
Changes from baseline in acid-base balance - urea level.
时间窗: At rest (before the test), directly after the test, and after a 1-hour recovery period.
Concentration of urea \[mmol/l\]. Using the portable blood gas, electrolyte, and metabolite analyzer (epoc®) (capillary blood from the ear lobe).
Changes from baseline in acid-base balance - crea level.
时间窗: At rest (before the test), directly after the test, and after a 1-hour recovery period.
Concentration of crea \[mg/dl\]. Using the portable blood gas, electrolyte, and metabolite analyzer (epoc®) (capillary blood from the ear lobe).
Changes from baseline in acid-base balance - hematocrit [hct] level.
时间窗: At rest (before the test), directly after the test, and after a 1-hour recovery period.
Concentration of hct \[%\]. Using the portable blood gas, electrolyte, and metabolite analyzer (epoc®) (capillary blood from the ear lobe).
Changes from baseline in acid-base balance - hemoglobin [chgb] level.
时间窗: At rest (before the test), directly after the test, and after a 1-hour recovery period.
Concentration of chgb \[mmol/l\]. Using the portable blood gas, electrolyte, and metabolite analyzer (epoc®) (capillary blood from the ear lobe).
Changes from baseline in acid-base balance - glukose [glu] level.
时间窗: At rest (before the test), directly after the test, and after a 1-hour recovery period.
Concentration of glu \[mg/dl\]. Using the portable blood gas, electrolyte, and metabolite analyzer (epoc®) (capillary blood from the ear lobe).
次要结局
- Antropometric characteristic - height(Day 1 after overall fast)
- Antropometric characteristic - weight(Day 1 after overall fast)
- Antropometric characteristic - LBM(Day 1 after overall fast)
- Antropometric characteristic - TBW(Day 1 after overall fast)
- Antropometric characteristic - Water%(Day 1 after overall fast)
- Antropometric characteristic - FAT(Day 1 after overall fast)
- Food record - energy(Day before the Day 1, in the morning at Day 1)
- Food record - protein(Day before the Day 1, in the morning at Day 1)
- Food record - carobhydrates(Day before the Day 1, in the morning at Day 1)
- Food record - fiber(Day before the Day 1, in the morning at Day 1)
- Food record - fat(Day before the Day 1, in the morning at Day 1)