Study of etiology clinical features and cardiac changes using non invasive methods in End stage renal disease (ESRD)

End stage renal disease is the permanent stage of chronic kidney disease where there is irreversible deterioration of kidney function which leads to deterioration of cardiac function . Approximately one half of mortality of patients with end stage renal disease is attributable to cardiovascular disease like coronary artery disease , valvular abnormalities , arrhythmias and cardiomyopathy .

Patients undergoing dialysis develop structural and functional cardiovascular abnormalities .

Therefore determination of cardiac diseases in patients with end stage renal disease can provide guidelines for treatment .