TuJugling: a Cluster-randomized Cross-over Trial Comparing Two Juggling Learning Methods in College Students
试验速览
- 阶段
- 不适用
- 状态
- 进行中（未招募）
- 入组人数
- 200
- 试验地点
- 2
- 主要终点
- Juggling Performance
研究概览
简要总结
This study will compare two ways of learning juggling in university students during a regular practical course: (A) juggling based on throwing the balls in the air and (B) juggling based on bouncing the balls off the floor. The study will also examine whether the order in which students learn these methods (A then B vs. B then A) influences how their performance improves over time.
Students will follow two 4-week practice periods separated by a 1-week break, and juggling performance will be assessed at three time points (baseline, after period 1, and after period 2). Performance will be scored from video recordings using anonymized study identifiers. Questionnaires about mood and flow experience will be collected at each assessment, and handgrip strength and brief computerized cognitive tasks will be assessed at baseline and the final evaluation in an exploratory manner.
The main comparison of training methods will focus on results after the first period to reduce the influence of prior practice, while results after the second period will be used to describe learning trajectories, order effects, and transfer to different execution conditions.
研究设计
- 研究类型
- Interventional
- 分配方式
- Randomized
- 干预模型
- Crossover
- 主要目的
- Basic Science
- 盲法
- Triple (Care Provider, Investigator, Outcomes Assessor)
入排标准
- 年龄范围
- 18 Years 至 —（Adult, Older Adult）
- 性别
- All
- 接受健康志愿者
- 是
入选标准
- •Enrolled in the Motor Games course.
- •Aged ≥18 years and able to understand and provide informed consent.
- •Provide explicit agreement to participate in the study assessments.
排除标准
- •Injury or medical condition that prevents safe participation in juggling, based on self-report prior to baseline assessment.
- •Uncorrected or insufficiently corrected visual impairment that prevents seeing and tracking the balls during practice and assessments.
研究组 & 干预措施
Intervention B consists of bouncing-based juggling tasks (ball rebounding off the floor)
Intervention B consists of bouncing-based juggling tasks (ball rebounding off the floor) performed according to the block-structured progression defined in the official course video tutorials.
干预措施: Intervention B Bouncing-Based Juggling Training (Other)
Intervention A: Throwing-based juggling
Intervention A consists of throwing-based juggling tasks performed according to the block-structured progression defined in the official course video tutorials
干预措施: Intervention A Throwing-Based Juggling Training (Other)
结局指标
主要结局
Juggling Performance
时间窗: Baseline and 4 weeks.
Juggling performance will be assessed using a study-specific standardized battery of juggling tasks. The raw outcome is the number of successful catches in a single continuous attempt, two attempts per participant. Tasks have different raw caps depending on execution type (unimanual vs bimanual). Higher scores indicate better performance. Unimanual tasks: 0-30 catches. Bimanual tasks: 0-60 catches → normalized score = raw score ÷ 2 (0-30). \*Air-throw and Bounce tasks\* One ball, right \& left Two balls in simultaneous columns (one per hand) Two balls with alternating throws, switching hands Two-ball cycle, right \& left Three-ball task using both hands \*Training-specific progression patterns\* RA - Active Bounce RB - Passive Bounce RC - Imperative Bounce A - Standard Cascade C - Cascade with Cycle CH - Successive Columns
次要结局
- Juggling performance in different surface conditions(Baseline and 8 weeks.)
- Positive and Negative Affect Schedule (PANAS) - Positive Affect Subscale.(Baseline and week 4 and week 8.)
- Brief Inventory of Optimal Experiences (Flow)(Baseline and week 4 and week 8.)
- Handgrip Strength Measured by Digital Dynamometer(Baseline and week 8)
- Matrix Rotation Task: accuracy (%)(Baseline and week 8)
- Corsi Block-Tapping Test (forward): maximum span(Baseline and week 8)
- Go/No-Go Task: commission errors(Baseline and week 8)
研究者
JAVIER FERNÁNDEZ-ORTEGA
Andrés B. Fernández-Revelles, Principal Investigator, Associate Professor; Javier Fernández-Ortega, PhD Student
Universidad de Granada