Effect of Motor Control Exercise Combined With Laser Or TENS on Pain, Range of Motion, and Functional Disability on Obese Patients With Low Back Pain

1- Assessment of lumbar flexion ROM

时间窗: before treatment and 4 weeks after treatment

The researcher positioned himself behind the patient standing to use his thumbs to identify the two posterior superior iliac spines (PSIS). He then delineated these two spines with a line on the skin, with the first mark located at the midpoint of the line and the second mark positioned 15 cm above. Subsequently, the researcher directed the patient to flex forward to the greatest extent possible while remaining within the boundaries of pain

the functional disability, the Oswestry disability questionnaire version 2.0

时间窗: before treatment and 4 weeks after treatment

Assessing functional disability in patients afflicted with LBP is accomplished with a valid and dependable instrument. There are six possible responses to each of the ten queries, which includes the daily functional disability. The patient chose the response that best described his impairment. Scores up to 50 are possible and are divided as follows: each question takes 5, the first statement takes 0, and the sixth statement takes 5 scores. The maximum score in this study was 45. All scores were subsequently tallied and converted to a percentage of the total score. A greater score is indicative of a severe disability. Scores between 0 and 20 represent minimal disability. Disability levels are classified as follows: scores between 40 and 60 indicate moderate disability; scores between 60 and 80 indicate disabled disability; and scores between 80 and 100 indicate bedridden patients

The pain was evaluated utilizing the visual analog scale (VAS)

时间窗: before treatment and 4 weeks after treatment

It comprises a 10-centimeter-long horizontal line secured at both ends with anchors. The initial anchor signifies the absence of pain, whereas the final anchor represents the most terrible pain. The patient was instructed to indicate the point through the line that most accurately represented the intensity of discomfort. The measurement was obtained by tracing the distance from the zero extremities to the patient's mark

2- Assessment of lumbar extension ROM

时间窗: before treatment and 4 weeks after treatment

Instructing the patient to bend backward to the best of his ability within the boundaries of pain, the investigator established a line on the skin and positioned himself behind the standing patient to distinguish between the two PSIS with his thumbs. The first mark was located at the midpoint of this line, and the second mark was positioned 15 cm above the first.

3- Assessment of lumbar side bending ROM

时间窗: before treatment and 4 weeks after treatment

As the patient assumed an erect position with heels, buttocks, and shoulders against the wall and a lateral bend without elevating the opposing foot off the ground, the investigator determined the distance between the third fingertip and the floor.